Healthy aging promotion model referenced in Nola Pender’s theory

ABSTRACT Objectives: to model the process of promoting healthy aging from the conceptual analysis proposed by Walker and Avant and Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model. Methods: this is a descriptive and theoretical study, with a qualitative approach. Elements resulting from conceptual analysis were used to model a healthy aging promotion process based on Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model. Results: in conceptual analysis, seven antecedents, seven attributes and three consequences of the concept of healthy aging were identified. Final Considerations: the proposed Health Promotion Model represents a structure that in an instrumental way can guide the nursing process application in gerontological clinical practice. This can guide nurses in identifying diagnoses, establishing outcomes and implementing interventions aimed at promoting the elderly’s health.

Hand hygiene determinants of informal caregivers in hospitals under Pender's perspective

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze hand hygiene determinants of informal caregivers in a hospital environment. Methods: qualitative study conducted with 55 caregivers at a university hospital in the Northeast of Brazil. A semi-structured instrument was used, adapted from Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model, from which the deductive categories were derived. Results: the general behavior included hand hygiene before meals and after using the bathroom. Sensitivity to the requirements for hand hygiene was observed, but the barriers and self-efficacy consisted of the availability of soap or alcohol-based hand sanitizers, the lack of knowledge on the importance of and forgetfulness of the practice. The reinforcement on the importance of the practice and being in a contaminated environment were influencers, and commitment, warnings, and training were indispensable. Conclusions: benefits related to protection from infections were seen as positive determinants for hand hygiene adherence. For non-adherence, factors such as lack of sanitizing supplies, ignorance towards the importance of the activity, and forgetfulness stood out.

A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Tetanus and Its Prevention among Farmers

In India, around 60% of the population is working in the agricultural field. Farmers in the field may have exposure to different issues like sunburn, injury, snake bite, etc. Injuries lead to tetanus which transmits from soil to the wounded part of the body. As farmers are more subjected to direct contact with soil, transmission rates are often high. The main objective of this study is, assess the knowledge of farmers about tetanus, its prevention and to evaluate the effectiveness of the planned teaching program. A conceptual framework based on Pender's health promotion model involves the analysis by a structured questionnaire to assess knowledge and effectiveness of planned teaching programme. Material and methods: A quasi-experimental study with 50 farmers was selected from Sikkeri village, Bagalkot with a simple random sampling technique. One group’s pre-test & post-test designs were used in this study. Data collected by structured questionnaires are mainly assessed by knowledge, prevention and effectiveness of planned teaching programme. Results: The findings indicate that out of 50 members, 29 (48%) members have satisfactory knowledge and 1 (2%) member have adequate knowledge. However, after the planned teaching programme 45 (90%) members have adequate knowledge and 5 (10%) members have satisfactory knowledge. Conclusion: Early detection and preventive measures among occupational diseases are important. Effective education like a planned teaching programme on tetanus and its prevention among farmers is a scientific, logical, and cost-effective strategy. Keywords: effectiveness, planned teaching programme, knowledge, tetanus, prevention, and farmers.

Using the Readiness Concept and Pender’s Health Promotion Model to Predict the Preparation Behavior towards Healthy Aging of Menopausal Women in the Northern Region of Thailand

Objective: To predict the effects of the preparation behavior toward healthy aging for menopausal women in the northern region of Thailand. Materials and Methods: Three hundred three menopausal women, aged 45 to 59 years old domiciled in the northern region of Thailand, were included in this study. The prediction research design methodology is used to describe the collection and analysis of the quantitative data. The questionnaire is based on the readiness of postmenopausal women toward healthy aging and includes physical, mental, social, and environmental health. After being selected, the relational variables and quantitative data of the menopausal women was analyzed with the power to predict factors resulted using multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results: Using multiple regression coefficients, factors affecting the preparation of menopausal women toward healthy aging were found to have variables that contributed to predicting the readiness behaviors of menopausal women. They were sorted according to the ability to explain the predictive power of health preparedness behavior from the selected variables into the descending analysis as family support, community support, income, self-efficacy, good attitudes for aging, medical and public health services, marital status as widowed or abandoned, and leadership roles. The variables were able to predict the preparation for healthy aging behaviors of menopausal women at 63.9%. Conclusion: Menopausal women need support and assistance in the preparation process toward healthy aging according to predictable variables, which is a concrete form of activity. Keywords: Menopausal women; The preparation behavior; Healthy aging; The readiness concept

The effect of educational intervention based on Pender's health promotion model on quality of life and health promotion in patients with heart failure: an experimental study

Background Heart failure is a common and chronic heart condition with high prevalence and mortality rates. This debilitating disease as an important predictor of health outcomes is directly related to patients' quality of life. Given that one of the main goals of heart failure treatment is to promote patients' quality of life and health status, conducting effective nursing interventions seems to be necessary in this regard. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on Pender's health promotion model on quality of life and health promotion in patients with heart failure. Methods This is an experimental study in which a total of 80 patients with heart failure were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups of intervention and control (n = 40 in each group). The educational program was designed based on Pender's health promotion model and then provided for the patients in the intervention four subgroups (10 person in each group) during six sessions. Data were collected at three time-points of before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention using a demographic questionnaire, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II). Data were then analyzed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA) and p value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results Based on the results of the present study, no statistically significant difference was shown in terms of demographic characteristics between the two groups. It was also indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of all dimensions of quality of life (except in the physical dimension) between the two groups so that the overall mean score of quality of life increased significantly in the intervention group after the intervention (p < .05). Moreover, there were significant increases in the mean scores of health-promoting behaviors (except in the domain of physical activity) in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < .05) after intervention. Conclusions This study demonstrates a trend that Pender's health promotion model is effective in improving the quality of life of patients with heart failure except of the physical dimension, and strengthening their health-promoting behaviors in all dimensions except of the physical activity dimension.

Applying the Pender’s Health Promotion Model to Identify the Factors Related to Older Adults’ Participation in Community-Based Health Promotion Activities

Aging societies have garnered global attention regarding issues related to older adults’ health promotion. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify factors associated with older adults’ participation in community-based health promotion activities. The Older Adults’ Health Promotion Activity Questionnaire was developed to collect data, and a total of 139 older adults were recruited from a community care center in Taoyuan City. Participants’ mean age was 72.7 years (SD = 6.0 years), 74.8% were females, 64.7% were married, 59% had a lower level of education, 51.8% had lower income, 59% reported their health status not good, and 76.3% had chronic disease. Our findings indicated that age, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy were identified as significant predictors of participation in health promotion activities. Among them, perceived benefits were found to have the strongest association with participation in health promotion activities (β = 0.305; p < 0.05). The findings showed that the Pender’s Health Promotion Model is useful to provide information for predicting and detecting significant factors related to older adults’ participation in community-based health promotion activities. By using this model as a framework, researchers can design more specific studies that are directed towards improving healthy lifestyles and detecting the key components of health-related behaviors among different age groups.

Effects of a Goal-Oriented Intervention on Self-Management Behaviors and Self-Perceived Burden After Acute Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Stroke generates significant health and social burdens. Self-management has potential importance for supporting individuals in coping and continuing to progress after stroke. However, there is a lack of targeted programs to enhance self-management and reduce self-perceived burden (SPB) following stroke.Purpose: To evaluate the effects of a goal-oriented intervention on self-management behaviors and SPB among patients after acute stroke.Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial with a 4-weeks intervention. Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 48) or control group (n = 48). The intervention and control groups received eight sessions of goal-oriented self-management intervention based on Pender's health promotion model and control care, respectively. Self-management behaviors and SPB were evaluated and compared between the two groups.Results: After the 1-month follow-up, there were significant differences in the total self-management behaviors score and the scores of six of the self-management dimensions, excluding diet management, between the intervention group and the control group (t = −7.891– −2.815; p ≤ 0.006). Compared to the control group, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in the physical burden, emotional burden, and total SPB scores (t = 2.102–2.071; p = 0.015–0.041). The economic burden score was not significantly different between the two groups (t = 1.707; p = 0.091).Conclusion: The goal-oriented intervention based on Pender's health promotion model can effectively improve self-management behaviors and reduce physical and emotional SPB among stroke survivors.

A Study to assess the effectiveness of Structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Text Neck Syndrome among young adults

A pre-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding text neck syndrome among young adults in a selected college at Alappuzha District. The objectives of the study were to assess the mean knowledge score regarding text neck syndrome among young adults, to find out the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding text neck syndrome among young adults and to find out the association between pretest knowledge score and selected socio demographic variables. The Conceptual framework was based on Nola J Pender’s Health Promotion model (1982). The study was conducted at Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara. among 60 young adults, who were selected by disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The pretest level of knowledge was assessed using structured knowledge questionnaire and structured teaching programme was given. Posttest was conducted after 7days.The result showed that the mean posttest knowledge score 20.26 with SD 3.15 was significantly higher than the pretest mean score 8.43 with SD 2.48 with a mean difference of 11.83. Since the calculated ‛t’ value 35.45 which was greater than the table value (2.00) with degree of freedom 59 at p<0.05 level of significance. Hence the study revealed that structured teaching programme on text neck syndrome was effective in improving the knowledge of young adults. The association between pretest and selected socio demographic variables showed that the pretest knowledge scores was influenced by year of study (p<0.05), family monthly income (p<0.05) and source of information (p<0.05).

Designing and evaluation of E-health educational intervention on students’ physical activity: an application of Pender’s health promotion model

Background The present study was conducted to design and evaluate the software and web-based curriculum based on Pender Model in order to promote students’ physical activity. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study conducted on 225 eligible students who were randomly divided into two groups of web and software-based intervention and control. The sample size of the study was selected using stratified sampling method. The evaluation was done with pre-test and post-test and follow-up, which were performed immediately two and six months following the intervention. The data were analyzed employing statistical software SPSS using descriptive statistics, chi-square, one way ANOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results The obtained results revealed that the level of physical activity after the intervention in the web and software groups significantly increased compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, the mean score of Pender model constructs, immediately two and six months after the intervention, was significantly different in the web and software groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our results indicated that, providing tailored message based on health promotion model’s constructs has a positive effect on promoting physical activity of students. Trial registration Name: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. Registration number: IRCT20181009041298N1. Registration date: 2018–12-02 [retrospectively registered].