Differential effect of work-centrality

This study examines the nature of work centrality by targeting married office workers. The results show that separated influences depend on which sphere (work/family) is perceived as more important. More specifically, work–family conflict, which is experienced through multitasking, influences work satisfaction and family satisfaction, and work centrality has different functions in each domain. Through hierarchical regression, we found that, in the work domain, work centrality has a buffering effect on the relationship between WIF and work satisfaction, although it does not enhance the relationship between social support and work satisfaction. In contrast, in the family domain, the mediation effect of WIF between work centrality, which is the preceding variable, and family satisfaction is significant. Spousal support also has a mediating effect on the relationship between work centrality and family satisfaction. The implications and limitations of this study are also discussed.

Burnout Among Healthcare Professionals in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Burnout, a state of stress-induced emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion, continues to be a topic of interest across a broad array of sciences. It is because burnout not only causes psychosomatic problems, but also has an effect on job performance, which is vital in high-stake professions. Therefore, exploring the level of healthcare professionals’ burnout, and understanding which work-place factors are correlated with it, is of outmost importance. For this purpose, the present correlational study explored this issue in a convenience sample of 209 MDs and nurses from primary healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina, including, for the first time, a comprehensive number of psychosocial factors at work. Interestingly, the majority of healthcare professionals scored low on burnout measures of MBI. Nevertheless, one fifth of participants had potential early warning signs of burnout. Compared to their colleagues in other European countries, Bosnian-Herzegovinian doctors experience lower yet comparable levels of emotional exhaustion, lower depersonalization, and higher sense of personal achievement. Furthermore, nurses show an even more beneficial trend on all three burnout dimensions. In addition, the study established some significant positive predictors of burnout dimensions pertaining to the work environment. More precisely, quantitative workload and decision-making demands were found to be positive predictors of emotional exhaustion, while the strongest predictors of depersonalization were work-place support (from colleagues and superiors) and self-esteem. Significant predictors of personal accomplishment were perception of mastery and work centrality. This suggests that burnout among healthcare professionals arises both from the immediate workplace factors and individual ones, therefore implicating institutions in its prevention and reduction.

The Effect of Major Life Events on Individual's Work Centrality: Social and Economic Aspects

This unique study compares the change in work centrality among individuals (n=407) both those who did experience and those who did not experience major life events, over the course of twelve years. The data was collected via the “Meaning of Work” questionnaire that included questions on work and life events. Special analysis of life events allows us to examine the causal nature of the relationship between life events and work centrality. The findings indicated that childbirth had an opposite effect on men's and women's work centrality. The work centrality of individuals who experienced divorce, a worsening of financial conditions and taking a considerable loan, did not change, while it increased among those who did not experience these events. There are several suggestions for the social and welfare and policymakers regarding life events, and the impact these policies may have on the magnitude of these events on work centrality.

The Impact of Work Centrality and Type of Work on Life Satisfaction: an Exploration of Global Respondents

Organizations have over time, become concerned with non-work aspects of their employees’ lives such as their life satisfaction and their happiness. This is because extant research has shown these states of being, truly have an impact on their job performance, intra-organizational relationships, and other important work- related outcomes. The World Values Survey assesses the cultural values of people across the world, what is important to them in life, their physical and mental state of being, and other valuable information. Using a random portion of this international dataset and drawing on the literatures pertaining to work centrality and meaning of work, the hypothesized model is developed to test the relationship between work centrality and the flow at work (i.e., type of work done) on the life satisfaction of individuals. These aspects of the work domain were found to have a minimal direct impact on life satisfaction leading to the reaffirmation that the different domains (work, family, values) have unequal impacts on life satisfaction and within each domain, different components have differing levels of impact as well.

GAMBARAN WORK CENTRALITY (STUDI PADA KARYAWAN SWASTA DI JAKARTA)

Work centrality is defined as the extent to which individuals believe that their work plays an important role in their life. This study aims to describe the work centrality of the private employment in Jakarta. Descriptive quantitative was used in this study. The data collection techniques in this study were using snowball sampling and convenience sampling. The participants were 107 private employees in Jakarta. Work centrality was measured using Work Involvement Questionnaire. The results showed that work centrality of the private employees in Jakarta were low. Based on demographic factors, it also shows that the mean value of male gender is lower, but based on other factors, there is a significant relationship to work centrality and the level of education. Work centrality diartikan sebagai sejauh mana individu percaya bahwa pekerjaan mereka memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran work centrality pada karyawan swasta di Jakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan snowball sampling dan convenience sampling. Subjek pada penelitian ini melibatkan 107 karyawan swasta di Jakarta. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner work centrality yang telah diadaptasi dari Work Involvement Questionnaire. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gambaran work centrality secara umum pada karyawan swasta di Jakarta cenderung rendah. Berdasarkan faktor demografis juga menunjukkan bahwa nilai rerata pada jenis kelamin laki-laki lebih rendah, namun berdasarkan faktor lainnya terdapat hubungan yang signifikan terhadap work centrality dengan tingkat pendidikan.

Adverse occupational events and their impact on the centrality of work: A longitudinal study

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in work centrality of individuals who experienced meaningful adverse occupational events (dismissal from the workplace, prolonged unemployment, and retirement), as compared to employees who did not experience such events over 12 years. Methodology: By implementing a fixed-sample panel /longitudinal research,12 years after conducting the Meaning of Work questioner, 411 individuals were located and re-conducted. The respondents were asked about life and work events they had experienced between the first and second time. The data was analysed by regular and multivariate analysis of variance. Main Findings: The work centrality of individuals who experienced prolonged unemployment did not change, while it increased among those who did not experience these events. Experiencing dismissal from work increased work centrality. Unexpectedly, work centrality continues to increase among individuals after retirement. Applications: There are several suggestions for the social and welfare and policymakers regarding adverse occupational events and the impact these policies may have on the magnitude of these events on work centrality. Novelty/Originality: This is a unique longitudinal study over twelve years, that compared the change in work centrality among individuals who did and did not experience adverse occupational events.

The Attitude of Work-Oriented and Family-Oriented Chinese Women Toward the Evaluations Based on the Traditional Positive Stereotype That Women Are Virtuous

People typically reject being negatively stereotyped but overlook the ways in which they are positively stereotyped. The current study focused on the attitude of Chinese women toward being evaluated based on the traditional positive stereotype that women are virtuous; family/work centrality as a boundary condition of these attitudes; and three perceptions that may mediate the link between this type of evaluation and attitudes of women. In experiment 1, female college students were identified as work-oriented or family-oriented based on their responses to a questionnaire regarding their focus on these two domains. They then read a vignette in which a man evaluated a female target under random assignment to one of three conditions, namely: group positive stereotype evaluation, individual positive stereotype evaluation, or unstereotypical positive evaluation. The participants rated how much they liked the female target, as an indicator of their attitude toward evaluations based on the stereotype that women are virtuous. In experiment 2, female college students were classified as work- oriented or family-oriented, and then read a vignette in which a man (the target) evaluated them. They were randomly assigned to the group positive stereotype evaluation, individual positive stereotype evaluation, or unstereotypical positive evaluation. Participants rated how much they liked the male target, as an indicator of their attitude toward evaluations based on the positive stereotype that women are virtuous. Across both studies, ANOVA showed that work-oriented women liked evaluations based on both group and individual stereotypes less than the family-oriented women. Regression-based analyses showed evidence of a mediation process in which work-oriented women viewed the virtuous positive stereotype as implying a prescriptive social demand that women should engage in family roles, resulting in a negative reaction to this type of evaluation.

Couples experiencing private life constraints to their career: understanding home-to-career interference from a couple's perspective

PurposeThis paper examines home-to-career interference (HCI), i.e., the extent to which employees perceive that their private life has constrained their career decisions to date, from a couple perspective. Building on scarcity theory, the authors expect higher levels of HCI among couples that need more and have less resources and, within couples, among the partner who is most likely to take care of home demands. Therefore, the authors explore the role of children and social support as between-couple differences and gender, relative resources and work centrality as within-couple differences. Moreover, the authors examine how one partner's HCI is related to both partners' life satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses are tested using hierarchical linear modeling and APIM-analysis with a sample of 197 heterosexual dual-earner couples (N = 394).FindingsAs hypothesized, employees in couples with more children and less social support reported more HCI. No support was found for within-couple differences in gender, educational level or work centrality. Next, HCI was negatively related to employees' own life satisfaction but not to their partner's life satisfaction.Originality/valueThe authors enrich the understanding of HCI by examining this phenomenon from a couple perspective and shed light on couple influences on career experiences.