Validation Of The Cadmium Analysis Method (Cd) by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in Traditional Scrub

Scrub is a type of cosmetics that has been widely used for skin care. However, many women do not realize that among the cosmetic products, including the scrubs they usually use, they may contain dangerous ingredients such as heavy metals. The use of scrubs, especially traditional scrubs that contain ingredients from nature, allows heavy metal contamination. This study aims to validate the analysis method of cadmium heavy metal content in traditional scrubs in the city of Tasikmalaya. Sample preparation used the wet digestion method using HNO3: H2O2 (3: 1). Cadmium was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry at a specific wavelength of 283.3 nm, respectively. After obtaining the optimum digestion process and tools, the cadmium method was validated with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) which included linearity tests, detection limits, quantification limits, precision and accuracy. The results of the validation of the analysis method obtained a linear calibration curve in the concentration range of 1-8 ppm with a linear regression equation y = 0.1237x + 0.0247, the value of the correlation coefficient = 0.9982. The detection and quantitation limits were 0.63 ppm and 2.11 ppm. Intra-day and inter-day precision is SBR <2%. The retrieval or accuracy obtained is 101.64 - 105.49%.

Implementation of Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period in Supporting the Physical Distancing Policy at Stikes Rajekwesi Bojonegoro in 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed social life, including learning methods. The existence of restrictions on these activities makes higher education institutions carry out online learning. The research objective was to determine the implementation of online learning at the Rajekwesi Bojonegoro station by using a descriptive research design with a sample of students from Stikes Rajekwesi Bojonegoro who were taking online learning taken by using accidental sampling technique totaling 179 respondents. Data obtained by questionnaires distributed online using google form format. And presented as a percentage. The results of research media / online learning applications mostly use the google classroom application, with a total of 175 respondents (97.8%). The most interesting online learning method is discussion forums with a total of 92 respondents (51.4%), online learning is in accordance with the learning needs of students were 165 respondents (92.2%). It was difficult for students to receive learning materials from 151 respondents (84.4%). Obstacles difficult signal with a total of 102 respondents (57%), and do not have facilities at home for online learning, namely 115 respondents (64.5%). The conclusion of the implementation of online learning there are obstacles both from students, lecturers and the system used, especially in this case the network or internet stability and quotas.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Hydroquinone in Face Cream with TLC and HPLC Methods

Hydroquinone is a chemical compound widely used in cosmetics that acts as a removal of black spots/spots on the face. The use of hydroquinone in cosmetics, according to BPOM regulations, is only allowed with a maximum level of 2%. Excessive use of hydroquinone can cause pigment abnormalities in the face. The materials used in this study were hydroquinone BPFI, 96% ethanol, absolute ethanol, sodium sulfate, methanol (HPLC grade), aquadest, ethyl acetate, and face cream samples (X and Y). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of hydroquinone content in both face cream samples was carried out by TLC and HPLC methods. The results of the qualitative analysis by TLC on both face cream samples (X and Y creams) showed that both samples had the same Rf value 1as the standard hydroquinone Rf while the HPLC chromatogram results of both samples had the same retention time as the standard hydroquinone. Simultaneously, the results of quantitative analysis on cream X samples contained hydroquinone of 3.06% and Y cream of 4.15%. From these results, both face cream samples positive contained hydroquinone with levels> 2%.

Healthy Living To Dismiss Covid-19 In Economic Crisis

The study is aimed at analyzing how to live a healthy life in the Covid-19 and economics related to Islam and theory H. Health can have an effect on one's economy, as growth in economic development will improve with good quality of life. The approach used in this research is the research of the library through researching, analyzing and reading the literature on how to lead a healthy life in Islam which is linked to Covid 19 and the economy. The results of the analysis show that on the importance of maintaining hygiene in everyday life , health and Islam have the same view. The economic crisis is the impact of Covid-19 to get a new normal life.

Patients' Perceptions of Compliance with Tuberculosis Medication in Lamongan

Treatment non-adherence in tuberculosis (TB) patients is a challenge in TB treatment. This research was an observational analysis study with a cross-sectional design. The population of this study were all tuberculosis patients at Karanggeneng Community Health Center, Lamongan from January to September 2018 who were still undergoing treatment process. Total sampling technique was utilized which obtained 40 patients. The data were collected through a closed questionnaire sheet of the method applied by the MMAS (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale). Then, the data were analyzed by editing, coding, scoring and tabulating. The results showed that 92% of patients adhered to Tuberculosis treatment and their influential perceptions included patients’ belief, family support, and motivation from health personnel. Treatment supporter is very influential on the success of Tuberculosis therapy.

Phytochemical Screening And Tyrosinase Inhibition Activity Of Leaves Cassia siamea L.

Cassia siamea L. has been used traditionally as medicine and in previous studies had an IC­50 antioxidant activity of 144.12 µg / mL. Cassia siamea L. potential as a medicinal substance is thought to have chemical constituents such as saponins, anthraquinones, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and steroids. Indonesia, which is located in a tropical region with high temperatures and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, can cause skin disorders such as hyperpigmentation due to excess melanin synthesis. Tyrosinase enzymes can prevent or inhibit melanin formation. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical content of Cassia siamea L. leaves extract with various solvents and the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase enzymes. In this study, the leaves of Cassia siamea L. were macerated with methanol as a solvent. The dry methanol extract was fractionated using the liquid-liquid method using aquadest, butanol and chloroform as solvents. The four dried extracts were then phytochemical screening to determine their chemical content. After that, the tyrosinase inhibition test was carried out in vitro with L-Dopa as a substrate using ELISA plate well reader at concentrations of 100, 1000 and 100000 ppm with three repetitions (triplo). The methanol extract had percent inhibition of 19.993 ± 1.125%, 28.984 ± 0.624%, 57.164 ± 0.623%, respectively; butanol fraction 25.914 ± 0.541%, 32.566 ± 0.767%, 52.120 ± 1.616%; chloroform fraction 19.920 ± 0.730%, 26.425 ± 0.937%, 62.865 ± 0.167% and aquadest fraction 23.830 ± 0.879%, 30.885 ± 0.778%, 67.471 ± 0.352%. Kojic acid had tyrosinase activity and acts more active than the other extract and fraction with 91.155±0.228% at 500 ppm. The butanol fraction had the highest percent inhibition at 100 and 1000 ppm which was thought to be due to the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids from the results of the phytochemical screening test.