BODY HEIGHT IN RELATION TO RURAL–URBAN MIGRATION IN POLAND

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KRZYŻANOWSKA ◽  
K. BORYSŁAWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
And Migration

SummaryA survey was conducted among 2800 students studying in Wrocław, Poland. The questionnaire included questions on the body height of the students and their parents, and place of residence and migration patterns of the students themselves, their parents and their grandparents. Body height in both students and their parents was positively correlated with the size of their place of residence. This was particularly true for male students and their fathers. Body height in students and parents from mobile families was not significantly different from that of their peers from non-mobile families. Body height in mobile individuals was generally between that of non-mobile individuals from rural areas and that of non-mobile individuals from large urban centres. Students from families that had migrated from smaller urban centres to larger ones were taller than students from families that had migrated from rural areas to urban centres. Body height in students was also correlated with the kind of migration that took place. In the students’ mothers, body height was higher if the maternal grandparents moved from smaller urban centres to larger urban centres than if the maternal grandparents moved from rural areas to urban centres. In female students, body height depended on whether their mothers had migrated from smaller places of residence to larger places of residence, but was not affected by the degree of migration. Intra-generational migration during the generation of the students’ grandparents was associated with increased body height in the students’ mothers. On the other hand, intergenerational migration during the generations of the students’ grandparents and parents was associated with increased body height in the students’ fathers and in female students. Body height was not a reliable indicator of whether an individual migrated from rural areas to Wrocław. Far more reliable indicators were the size of the place the student lived their whole life and whether the family had lived in an urban environment for at least two generations.

scholarly journals Regulation of the Migration of Distinct Dendritic Cell Subsets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Feng ◽  
Shuping Zhou ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Qinghong Su ◽  
Xiaofan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Dendritic Cell Subsets ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Dendritic cells (DCs), a class of antigen-presenting cells, are widely present in tissues and apparatuses of the body, and their ability to migrate is key for the initiation of immune activation and tolerogenic immune responses. The importance of DCs migration for their differentiation, phenotypic states, and immunologic functions has attracted widespread attention. In this review, we discussed and compared the chemokines, membrane molecules, and migration patterns of conventional DCs, plasmocytoid DCs, and recently proposed DC subgroups. We also review the promoters and inhibitors that affect DCs migration, including the hypoxia microenvironment, tumor microenvironment, inflammatory factors, and pathogenic microorganisms. Further understanding of the migration mechanisms and regulatory factors of DC subgroups provides new insights for the treatment of diseases, such as infection, tumors, and vaccine preparation.

scholarly journals Differences in motor abilities among the students of the Department of Kinesiology in Osijek

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Daria Župan Tadijanov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Assessment Tests ◽  
Motor Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Faculty Of Education

The aim of this research was to determine the differences in motor abilities between two generations of students of the Kinesiology Department with the Faculty of Education in Osijek, as part of Basic Kinesiological Transformations course and also to determine the differences based on gender. Subject sample consisted of 112 students of Kinesiology, of which 53 subjects were from the first generation and 59 subjects from the second. Tests for assessment of motor abilities of repetitive power and strength were pull-ups, sit-ups, chest presses and back squats. A significant difference in motor abilities between the two generations of Kinesiology Department students was observed only in the motor test for assessment of repetitive power – pull-ups - among male students, whereby male students of the second generation achieved significantly better results. Differences between the two generations of female students have not been observed in any of the assessment tests. While analysing the differences based on gender, it has been observed that male students achieve significantly better results than female students in all the assessment tests of power and strength, except in sit-ups. The reason for the significant differences observed between the two generations of students of the Kinesiology Department only in the test for assessment of repetitive power – pull-ups – probably lies in the fact that the pull-ups, because of the complexity needed for executing them correctly, have caused a higher degree of motivation while training, whereas other tests did not appear to be equally motivating. The differences observed based on gender correspond to standard differences which appear as a result of sexual dimorphism, even though the subjects in question were a homogenised group of kinesiology students.

scholarly journals Acceptability Level of Students in Pradita Dirgantara Senior High School against E-Sport as an Extracurricular Alternative

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 2128-2140
Author(s):  
Mikhael Bagus Pradana ◽  
Agus Kristiyanto ◽  
Siswandari Siswandari
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
General Meaning

E-Sportstands for Electronic Sport, E-Sport has a general meaning, namely an agility contest between individuals or groups that is not limited to physical activities only and is carried out using tools that carry out their functions electronically. During its development, E-Sport began to penetrate the world of education as a sport. Some schools have begun to introduce E-Sport through extracurricular activities, this is of course the pros and cons of students, especially male and female students. This study aims to map the level of acceptance of students at Pradita Dirgantara High School to E-Sport as an extracurricular alternative. This type of research is a descriptive study using a quantitative approach.batch 2018 and 2019. The sample in this study was taken using a random sampling technique, with a total of 75 students from two generations. Data collection used a questionnaire with the Likert scale scoring method. The data analysis used the frequency distribution formula in the form of a percentage. The results showed that the level of acceptability of students towards E-Sport as an extracurricular alternative was the highest in the group of male students of class XI followed by class XII with a percentage of 45.00% and 63.16%, while the lowest was in the group of female students of class XII and class XI with a percentage of 42.86% and 46.67%.

scholarly journals Adiposity Profiles and Insulin Resistance in Urban and Rural Indonesian Young Adults and Its Association With Gut Inflammation Marker Lipocalin-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A3-A3
Author(s):  
Farid Kurniawan ◽  
Primasari Deaningtyas ◽  
Dicky Levenus Tahapary ◽  
Dyah Purnamasari ◽  
Tika Pradnjaparamita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Gut Inflammation

Abstract Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence are increasing worldwide, including in the young adult population. In general, the prevalence is higher in urban than in rural. Relatively higher calories and fat intake with more sedentary lifestyle in urban population can cause a surplus in energy homeostasis that will eventually be stored as body fat. This change might influence the gut environment, which based on recent studies, could interact with the immune system leading to inflammation and contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and T2D. Our study aimed to assess the differences in adiposity profiles and insulin resistance between urban and rural Indonesian young adults and its association with serum lipocalin-2, a marker for systemic and gut inflammation. In this study, 242 individuals from urban and 233 subjects originating from rural areas were recruited. Anthropometry measurements, including body height, weight, and waist circumference (WC), were conducted. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from the body height and weight. Fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin were also measured, from which a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated as a surrogate marker for whole body insulin resistance. Meanwhile, serum lipocalin-2 was measured by ELISA. Urban subjects had higher BMI and WC compared to rural counterparts [mean diff. (95% CI): 1.71 (0.99;2.43) kg/m2, P<0.001 and 4.4 (2.6;6.2) cm, P<0.001), respectively]. Additionally, HOMA-IR was also higher in urban than rural subjects [0.12 (0.008;0.24), P=0.04, after adjusted for age, sex, and BMI]. Lower serum lipocalin-2 level was observed in urban compared to rural individuals [-74.09 (-96.95-51.23) ng/mL, P<0.001]. However, no significant correlations were observed between serum lipocalin-2 with BMI, WC, or HOMA-IR (r=-0.06, P=0.19; r=-0.08, P=0.10; r=-0.002, P=0.96, respectively). The findings of worse adiposity profiles and insulin resistance in urban than rural subjects were consistent with the results observed in previous studies. Higher intestinal inflammation in rural subjects, as shown by higher serum lipocalin-2, could be caused by presumably a higher rate of chronic and recurrent intestinal infection usually found in people living in rural areas. These could indirectly affect the nutrient uptake and eventually contribute to the lower adiposity and insulin resistance in the rural population, apart from the relatively lower calories and fat intake in their diet. Therefore, further study that incorporate dietary intake analysis and assay for intestinal infection are warranted to confirm this hypothesis.

scholarly journals BODY IMAGE SISWA DITINJAU DARI GENDER

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Fauzana Alidia
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
High Category ◽  
Male Body Image

Body image is a description of perceptions, feelings and attitudes about the body as a whole person or a particular the part of body. The differences of body image is influenced by several aspects. Among of them, there is gender. The aims of this research are :1 ) to describe the body image of male students , 2 ) to describe the body image of female students, and 3 ) to find out the body image differences between male students and female students. This research was descriptive research by using quantitative approach. The population of this research was the students of grade XI SMA Negeri Tanjung Mutiara in the period of 2013/2014 (285). Amount of research sample was 56 male students and 110 female students and had been chosen by using simple random technique. The instrument that had been used was Likert scale model. The first and second research purpose were analyzed by using percentage technique, and the third research purpose were analyzed by using t-test. The results of research are: 1) Body image of male students are in the high category, 2) Body image of female students are in the high category, 3) There is a differences between male body image and female body image.

Gender differences in Body Mass Index and physical activity of students of the University of Tuzla

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Almir Atikovic ◽  
Sanjin Hodzic ◽  
Jasmin Bilalic ◽  
Jasmin Mehinovic ◽  
Amra Nozinovic Mujanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
The University

AbstractThis study was carried out among undergraduate students at the University of Tuzla (Bosna and Herzegovina) with the objective of examining gender differences in the body mass index (BMI) and the level of Physical Activity (PA) among respondents.This study was conducted to: determine the body mass index (BMI) and the average weekly number of hours of sport activity in the last six months (PA). A research sample was made of female students (n = 330) in the chronological age of 19.3+1.5 yrs, 60.7%, and of male students (n = 213) in the chronological age of 20.0+1.8 yrs, 39.2%.On average, the students (both female and male) spend 5.60 (5.03) hours on physical activity per week. Female students spend 4.05 (4.32) hours, while male students dedicate 8.11 (5.30) hours to physical activities. It can be concluded that in principle the students practice physical activities and recreation, but still 1/5 of all students are inactive. The obtained results for the BMI show that the majority of students are in the zone of normal values: female - 278 (84.2%); male - 157 (73.7%). Correlations between BMI and PA amount to (R = .214; p < 0.01) and (R2 = .046; p < 0.01). The results of the T-test show a more significant statistical variable of differences between female and male students at the level of p < 0.05. In comparison to female students, male students have 2.35 kg/m2 higher BMI, and they are more active in physical activities for 4.06 hours in comparison to women.The focus should be directed to the education of young people, because they can easily adopt healthy habits that should be maintained for life. These results point out the necessity of an integrated approach to prevention and control of risk factors, particularly among youth.

Prevalensi obesitas dengan menggunakan metode waist-hip ratio pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana angkatan 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Merlynda Ayu Rara Dini ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Widianti ◽  
I Nyoman Gede Wardana
Keyword(s):  
Central Obesity ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist Size ◽  
Medical Education Program ◽  
Almost All

Nowadays, obesity is an endemic health problem almost all countries in the world are facing. Obesity itself is not a contagious disease and it actually can be avoided. Obesity happens because there is an abnormal fats accumulation and this abnormality can bring various negative effects for the body and its health. Waist Hip Ration (WHR) method can be used to decide whether or not a person has obesity, especially central obesity. This research aims to find out the prevalence of obesity using WHR method on the students of Medical Education Program in Medical Faculty of Udayana University (PSPD FK Unud) class of 2014. This research is a descriptive research with cross sectional research design. This research was done to 217 students, 77 male students (35,5%) and 140 female students (64,5%). The obesity was measured by measuring waist size and hip circumference, the ratio then will be determined by dividing waist size with hip circumference. Normally, WHR on men is <0,9 and <0,8 on women. The result of this research reveals that 58 students (26,7%), consisting of 27 male students (12,5%) and 31 female students (14,5%) have central obesity.

scholarly journals Rural and Urban Dwelling Across the Life-Course and Late-Life Cognitive Ability in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 574-574
Author(s):  
Joseph Saenz
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract BACKGROUND: Research has consistently suggested urban dwelling in late adulthood is associated with better cognitive ability. Whether early life rural/urban dwelling and its interaction with late-life rural/urban dwelling relate with late-life cognitive ability in the context of Mexico is not well understood. METHOD: Data comes from the 2003 Mexican Health and Aging Study. Early life rural/urban was assessed as respondents’ reports of growing up in an urban/rural area. Current rural/urban was assessed by locality size (greater/fewer than 100,000 residents). RESULTS: Both early life and current rural residence were associated with poorer cognitive ability independent of education, literacy, early life SES and health, income/wealth, healthcare access, health, and health behaviors. Compared to individuals who always lived in rural areas, rural to urban migration was associated with better cognitive ability. DISCUSSION: In addition to current rural/urban dwelling, researchers should consider where individuals lived in early life and migration across the life-course.

scholarly journals Assessment of Lifestyle Practices and Nutritional Status among Undergraduate Medical Students

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
B. N. Kruthi ◽  
H. Raghunath ◽  
M. Hamsa
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lifestyle Practices

Background and Objectives: Overweight and obesity are not only the biggest problem among the middle-aged but also among children, teenagers and young adults. Early detection of the factors causing obesity, in turn, helps in the prevention of its complications. The objectives of the study were to assess the various lifestyle practices among medical students and to correlate the relationship between the nutritional status and biochemical parameters. Methods: A cross-sectional - study was conducted on MBBS students studying at Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS), Mandya, Karnataka, India. Self-administered questionnaires were given to the students followed by the recording of their anthropometric measurements. Nutritional status was assessed using the Body Mass Index (BMI). Fasting blood sample was collected from the student and analysed the biochemical parameters. Results: Out of 325 students, 48.9% were male students and 51.1% were female students. It was found that a higher percentage of female students (53%) was on a balanced diet as compared to male students (47.2%). The daily consumption of fruits and vegetables were less amongst students of both genders. Mean values of Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C) were higher among male students as compared to female students. Mean values of few biochemical parameters like FBS, TC, TG and LDL-C were higher amongst obese students along with a corresponding decrease in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C). Conclusion: Our study showed that unhealthy dietary and lifestyle practices were associated with increased levels of various biochemical parameters and it was more common amongst male students. Increased biochemical parameters like FBS, TC, TG and LDL-C with the corresponding decrease in HDL-C is an alarming sign for increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease among the younger age group.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Suicide Tendency among Students in Relation to Gender and Residential area

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. Jayesh N. Bhalala
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference

The goal of the present study was to note the effect of the gender (Male/ Female) and residential area (Rural/ Urban) on the suicide tendency of students. In view to above purpose the sample of 120 was selected by random sampling method. Suicide tendency Inventory standardized by Dr. G. R. Meghnathi (2002) Among the Students of Rajkot city and from its rural areas, was referred to have data regarding their suicide tendency and all the tow individual factors, obtained information was statistically analyzed by‘t’-test effects were discovered. According to the results show that there is significant difference existed between male and female students, ‘t’-value 1.96 has been found significant at 0.05 level. So we concluded that female students showed higher level of suicide tendency then male students. Showed significant effect of area on suicide tendency. The‘t’-value 3.39 has been found significant at 0.01 level. So we concluded that urban students showed higher level of suicide tendency then rural students.

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