The prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression in near-centenarians and centenarians: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1539-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Cheng ◽  
Yvonne Leung ◽  
Fleur Harrison ◽  
Henry Brodaty
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Younger Age

ABSTRACTBackground:Current research on the psychological health of near-centenarians (95−99 years old) and centenarians remains limited. Existing studies have mainly characterized their physical, cognitive, and social health. Results on the anxiety and depression of near-centenarians and centenarians (more than 95 years old) have been mixed with some studies, finding higher rates of anxiety and depression among those older than 95 years and others reporting no difference in rates compared with younger age groups. This study aims to synthesize the existing literature on the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression in near-centenarians and centenarians.Method:A systematic review was conducted using Ovid Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane database. Common and conflicting findings among the literature were examined.Results:Thirty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six studies examined the prevalence and predictors of anxiety, and 37 studies investigated the prevalence and predictors of depression. Five studies examined both anxiety and depression in the same sample. Prevalence data on anxiety and depression varied significantly, as did comparisons with rates in younger populations. Findings on predictors of anxiety and depression were contradictory.Conclusion:There is a large degree of heterogeneity among studies of centenarians’ psychological status. Findings conflict on the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression and rates compared with younger age groups. Variation in findings may result from the different inclusion criteria, sampling methods, and measurement tools. Better harmonization of centenarian study methodologies may improve consistency of findings to aid in developing clinical interventions.

scholarly journals Utility of fibrin sealants and the road ahead in plastic surgery: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Saffarzadeh ◽  
Taylor Kandler ◽  
Safal Parhar
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fibrin Sealants ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Cochrane Database

Objective:The objective of this scoping review is to examine the extent of literature on the utility and safety of various types of fibrin sealants in plastic surgery. Considerations such as consent, and cost profile will also be reviewed and identified as future research opportunities.Introduction:Since the approval of fibrin sealants in Europe in the 1970s, they have found their niche in various types of surgical operations, and their utility has led to a rise in popularity. However, the clinical applications of fibrin sealants are not fully synthesized, and important ethical and financial considerations are rarely discussed.Inclusion criteria:Studies reporting the application of commercially available fibrin sealants in plastic surgery procedures on humans of all age groups were included in this review. Additionally, published abstracts and all opinion pieces including commentaries and narrative reviews were exempt.Methods:The key information sources that will be searched are the following: Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and LILACS and grey literature sources. There are no limits placed on the searches. Each publication will be screened by two authors, and any conflict in the selection decision will be resolved by a third author to limit bias.

Epidemiology of Depression and Anxiety in Gout: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Howren ◽  
Drew Bowie ◽  
Hyon K. Choi ◽  
Sharan K. Rai ◽  
Mary A. De Vera
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Epidemiology Of Depression

Objective.To conduct a systematic review of depression and anxiety among patients with gout that specifically evaluates the prevalence, incidence, determinants, and effects of these mental health comorbidities.Methods.We conducted a literature search in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, and PsycINFO using indexed terms and key words to identify studies reporting on depression/anxiety in patients with gout. This review included full-text articles published in English that reported on patients with gout, evaluated depression/anxiety using a routinely reported measure, and provided estimates or sufficient data on the prevalence, incidence, determinants, or effects of depression/anxiety. Metaanalyses were conducted using random effects models.Results.Twenty of 901 articles identified through the search strategy met our inclusion criteria. All 20 studies evaluated depression, while only 10 assessed anxiety (50%). Metaanalyses suggest a positive association between mental health disorders and gout, as resultant pooled OR were 1.29 (95% CI 1.07–1.56) for depression and 1.29 (95% CI 0.96–1.73) for anxiety. Findings from four studies reporting on the incidence of depression in patients with gout resulted in a pooled HR of 1.17 (95% CI 1.01–1.36). Significant determinants of depression included number of tophi, frequency of flares, and oligo/polyarticular gout.Conclusion.Our systematic review suggests that depression and anxiety are significantly associated with gout, highlighting the need for future research to focus on the onset of mental disorders after gout diagnosis. We also identify potential targets for intervention.

Prevalence and determinants of motor stereotypies in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Autism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Melo ◽  
Luís Ruano ◽  
Joana Jorge ◽  
Tiago Pinto Ribeiro ◽  
Guiomar Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
High Functioning Autism ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Lower Intelligence

Stereotypies are frequently reported in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but remain one of the less explained phenomena. We aimed to describe, through a systematic review and a meta-analysis, the prevalence of motor stereotypies in ASD and study the factors that influence this prevalence. Our literature search included MEDLINE, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases. Quality and risk of bias were assessed. Thirty-seven studies were included and the median prevalence of motor stereotypies in ASD was 51.8%, ranging from 21.9% to 97.5%. The most frequent determinants associated with a higher number of stereotypies in ASD were a younger age, lower intelligence quotient, and a greater severity of ASD. Moreover, gender did not seem to influence the prevalence of stereotypies. Meta-analytic analysis showed that lower IQ and autism diagnosis (independent of IQ) are associated with a higher prevalence of motor stereotypies (odds ratio = 2.5 and 4.7, respectively). Limitations of the reviewed literature include the use of convenience samples, with small sizes and heterogeneous inclusion criteria, and the predominance of high-functioning autism individuals.

scholarly journals Life satisfaction and frailty among older adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Wilhelmson ◽  
Emelie Fritzell ◽  
Kajsa Eklund ◽  
Synneve Dahlin-Ivanoff
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Partner Relationship ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Perceived Life Satisfaction

Functional and physical impairment are factors believed to lead to declined life satisfaction among older adults. This study aimed to examine life satisfaction among older adults and the influence of frailty. Baseline data from two studies addressing frail older adults aged 80+ in Gothenburg, Sweden, (n=577) were used. Frailty was measured through eight indicators. Life satisfaction was measured with Fugl-Meyer’s instrument LiSat-11. Perceived life satisfaction was rather high within the studied population, with 66% being satisfied with life as a whole. Most life satisfaction items were significantly associated with frailty status, with non-frail participants being satisfied to a higher extent for all items with the exception of financial situation, sexual life and partnership relation. The factors significantly explaining life satisfaction were psychological health, partner relationship, leisure and ADL. This study shows that older adults’ satisfaction with life as a whole is almost as high as in younger age groups. Respondents with higher degree of frailty reported significantly lower degrees of life satisfaction, indicating a possibility to maintain life satisfaction by preventing or delaying the development of frailty.

scholarly journals Increased COVID-19 Infection Susceptibility and Adverse Outcomes Due to Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Sun ◽  
Mohsen Mazidi ◽  
Richard Kirwan ◽  
Yixuan Li ◽  
Bingtong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Infection Susceptibility

Abstract Objectives: Study bidirectional relationships between weight gain, obesity and COVID-19 infection risk during the pandemic.Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, MedRxiv, and WHO COVID-19 Database were searched till June 2, 2020. Newspaper and internet article sources were identified using a media database. Meta-analysis was conducted using random- and fixed effect models.Results: Ten studies published from 5 countries met inclusion criteria; five studies (provided 17 analyses/types of results) were included in meta-analysis. The studies suggested bidirectional relationships and some dose-response relationships. Meta-analysis showed obesity was associated with increased COVID-19 infection risk (Odds ratio, OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.02). COVID-19 risk increased with obesity (OR=1.43 (1.18, 1.73)) and severe obesity (OR=1.96 (1.49, 2.59)). Obesity was positively associated with COVID-19 mortality (OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.25) and its severity: admission to intensive care unit (ICU) (OR=2.01 (1.25, 3.23)), and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) use (OR=8.20 (2.10, 31.91)). We also observed a stronger association in younger age groups (β=-0.29 (-0.47 to -0.10)).Conclusions: Obesity was positively associated with higher COVID-19 infection risk, severity, and mortality. Appropriate treatment of COVID-19 patients with obesity and weight management are warranted.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN STATUS MENTAL (STRES, KECEMASAN, DAN DEPRESI) PADA KORBAN PASCA GEMPA BERDASARKAN PERIODE PERKEMBANGAN (REMAJA, DEWASA,DAN LANSIA) DI DESA PENDUA KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hadiyanul Haqi ◽  
Eka Mishbahatul M.Has ◽  
Khoridatul Bahiyah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Status ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Stratified Sampling ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Stress

Pendahuluan: Bencana membawa efek negatif luar biasa pada seluruh sendi kehidupan manusia. Terbatasnya sumber-sumber personal, material, dan sosial banyak dikaitkan dengan rendahnya fungsi dan penyesuaian psikologis individu pasca bencana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan status mental (stres, kecemasan, dan depresi) pada korban pasca gempa berdasarkan periode perkembangan (remaja, dewasa, dan lansia) di Desa Pendua Kabupaten Lombok Utara.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Tekhnik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah proportional stratified sampling sehingga didapatkan jumlah  sampel 125 orang. Variable dalam penelitian ini adalah stres, kecemasan, dan depresi. Instrument dalam penelitian ini menggunakan DASS 21. Data penelitian diolah dan dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif dan ditampilkan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi.Hasil: Kelompok usia remaja paling banyak mengalami stres ringan sebanyak 11 orang (41%), kelompok usia dewasa paling banyak mengalami stres sedang sebanyak 29 orang (39%), kelompok lansia paling banyak mengalami stres sedang sebanyak 11 (46%).Kesimpulan: Kondisi status mental yang banyak ditemukan pasca bencana pada semua kelompok usia adalah stres dan kecemasan. Oleh karena itu diharapkan agar korban gempa dapat lebih peduli pada kesehatan fisik maupun psikologis dengan cara mendatangi tempat pemeriksaan kesehatan secara rutin dan hal yang sangat penting juga adalah pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar individu seperti makanan, olahraga, dan istirahat yang tercukupi serta lebih banyak melaksanakan kegiatan-kegiatan kerohanian sehingga para korban gempa dapat terhindar dari masalah-masalah fisik dan psikologis pasca kejadian bencana. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Disasters bring tremendous negative effects to all aspects of human life. The limitation personal, material, and social resources are much associated with the low functioning and psychological adjustment of post disaster individuals. The purpose of this study was to explain of mental status (stress, anxiety, and depression) in post earthquake victims based on development period (adolescents, adults, and the elderly) in DesaPenduaKabupaten Lombok Utara.Method: This research uses descriptive research design with cross sectional approach. This study uses proportional stratified sampling technique to obtain a sample of 125 people. Variables in this study were stress, anxiety, and depression. The instrument in this study used DASS 21.The research data was processed and analyzed by descriptive method and displayed in the frequency distribution table.Result: The most age group of adolescents had mild stress as many as 11 people (41%), most adult groups had moderate stress as many as 29 people (39%), the most elderly group in moderate stress was 11 (46%).Conclusion: Mental status conditions that are commonly found after disasters in all age groups are stress and anxiety. Therefore, it is expected that korban gempats can care more about physical and psychological health by visiting routine health check-ups and the most important thing is fulfilling basic needs of individuals such as food, exercise and adequate rest and more spiritual activities so the korban gempats could avoid physical and psychological problems after the disaster.

Global Incidence of Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110420
Author(s):  
John P. Marinelli ◽  
Cynthia J. Beeler ◽  
Matthew L. Carlson ◽  
Per Caye-Thomasen ◽  
Samuel A. Spear ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vestibular Schwannoma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Patient Counseling

Objective Ubiquitous throughout the literature and during patient counseling, vestibular schwannoma is often quoted to affect about 1 per 100,000 people. Yet, reports from distinct international populations suggest that the incidence is likely much higher. The objective of the current work was to systematically characterize the global incidence of sporadic vestibular schwannoma. Data Sources Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. Review Methods Population-based studies reporting incidence rates of sporadic vestibular schwannoma between January 2010 and August 2020 were searched with language restrictions requiring reports to be published in Chinese, English, German, Italian, or Spanish. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021228208) prior to commencement of data collection. PRISMA guidelines for transparent reporting of systematic reviews were followed. Results Among 424 citations, 6 publications covering 4 distinct populations from Denmark, the Netherlands, Taiwan, and the United States met inclusion criteria. Most recent incidence rates of among all ages ranged between 3.0 and 5.2 per 100,000 person-years. Highest incidence rates were reported among patients aged ≥70 years, peaking at 20.6 per 100,000 person-years. One study from the United States reported the incidence of asymptomatic, incidentally diagnosed tumors at a rate of 1.3 per 100,000 person-years from 2012 to 2016. Conclusions Recent international incidence rates of sporadic vestibular schwannoma exceed the commonly quoted “1 per 100,000” figure by up to 5-fold among all ages and by up to 20-fold among age groups at highest risk. Based on modern incidence rates, the lifetime prevalence of developing sporadic vestibular schwannoma likely exceeds 1 per 500 persons.

Management of granular myringitis: A systematic review

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Neilson ◽  
S S M Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Canal Atresia

AbstractIntroduction:Granular myringitis is a chronic disorder characterised by lateral squamous de-epithelialisation and granulation of the tympanic membrane. Untreated, granular myringitis can lead to post-inflammatory medial external auditory canal fibrosis, acquired canal atresia and inflammatory infiltration of the deep canal.Aim:This study aimed to establish optimal management strategies which could be applied to clinical practice, through systematic review of the current literature.Methods:Current literature was obtained by searching evidence-based medical databases, the Cochrane database, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, the Cochrane controlled trials register, Ovid Medline, the variousBritish Medical Journalimprint journals, individual journal websites and citation indexes, and by hand-searching current journals. Detailed inclusion criteria were set. Data were retrieved from the selected studies and checked for accuracy and consistency. The primary outcome measured was the effect of the proposed intervention on recurrence of granular myringitis, compared with empirical antibiotic therapy.Results:Fifty-eight publications were identified, dating from 1964 to 2005; 46 of these were potentially relevant. After assessment using the preset inclusion criteria, only two studies remained. El-Seifi and Fouad (2000) found that surgical excision of granulation tissue resulted in an 80 per cent reduction in recurrence of granular myringitis when compared with conventional antibiotic therapy. However, Junget al.(2002) demonstrated a 96 per cent reduction in granular myringitis recurrence when managed with dilute vinegar solution.Conclusions:There was a reduced recurrence of granular myringitis in both studies' intervention groups, although neither study was randomised or blinded, making it difficult to assess the clinical relevance of the results. However, the following conclusions can be inferred. (1) Conventional topical antibiotic and steroid drops appear to be less efficacious and more likely to lead to recurrence of symptoms, compared with other proposed treatment modalities. (2) Treatment with dilute vinegar solution presents a logical, unharmful alternative to conventional antibiotic drops. Further research of high value is needed.

scholarly journals Barriers to Trauma Care in South and Central America: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Kinder ◽  
Sarah Mehmood ◽  
Harry Hodgson ◽  
Peter Giannoudis ◽  
Anthony Howard
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
South America ◽  
Trauma Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Ovid Medline

Abstract Introduction Trauma is widespread in Central and South America and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Providing high quality emergency trauma care is of great importance. Understanding the barriers to care is challenging; this systematic review aims to establish current the current challenges and barriers in providing high-quality trauma care within the 21 countries in the region. Methods OVID Medline, Embase, EBM reviews and Global Health databases were systematically searched in October 2020. Records were screened by two independent researchers. Data were extracted according to a predetermined proforma. Studies of any type, published in the preceding decade were included, excluding grey literature and non-English records. Trauma was defined as blunt or penetrating injury from an external force. Studies were individually critically appraised and assessed for bias using the RTI item bank. Results 57 records met the inclusion criteria. 20 countries were covered at least once. Nine key barriers were identified: training (37/57), resources and equipment (33/57), protocols (29/57), staffing (17/57), transport and logistics (16/57), finance (15/57), socio-cultural (13/57), capacity (9/57), public education (4/57). Conclusion Nine key barriers negatively impact on the provision of high-quality trauma care and highlight potential areas for improving care in Central & South America. Many countries in the region, along with rural areas, are under-represented by the current literature and future research is urgently required to assess barriers to trauma management in these countries. No funding was received. Clinical Trial Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020220380.

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