scholarly journals Experimental study on lowering oleic acid value and peroxide value of camellia sinensis by scraping film molecular distillation

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02029
Author(s):  
Haodong Zhang ◽  
Liu Bin ◽  
Longlong Lin ◽  
Rongxian Qu ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Molecular Distillation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Camellia Oil ◽  
Solvent Residue

Camellia oil is a kind of natural product with high added value. In the process of production, processing, and transportation, acidic substances and peroxides that reduce the quality of oil are produced. In this paper, it was refined by scraping membrane molecular distillation device. The factors affecting the molecular distillation results were analyzed and studied through a single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. On the surface of the experiment, the optimal process parameters were as follows: the temperature was 190℃, the pressure was 1 Pa, the scraping speed was 300r/min, and the feed amount was 900g/h. Under this condition, the acid value in camellia oil decreased from 2.67mgKOH/g to 0.19mgKOH/g, and the free fatty acid removal rate was 92.88%. The peroxide value decreased from 16.78mmol/kg to 1.03mmol/kg, and the peroxide removal rate was 93.86%. The experimental results showed that the surface of the scraping membrane molecular distillation equipment could meet the national standard of acid value and peroxide value under the appropriate technological parameters, and there was no solvent residue, which was a safe physical purification process.

Micro-EDM Studies of the Fabrication of Customized Internal Fixation Devices for Orthopedic Surgery

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Modica ◽  
C. Pagano ◽  
V. Marrocco ◽  
I. Fassi
Keyword(s):  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Micro Edm ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Fixation Devices ◽  
Micro Features

The fabrication of personalized implants, tailored on patient needs, is a key issue for the future of several surgical fields. The presence of a prototyping service inside the hospital would be an added value for improving clinical activity. In this context, micro-Electro Discharge Machining is exploited to customize fixation devices in orthopedic surgery. An overview of the main devices is carried out in order to identify the main characteristics and to define the common fixation system specifications. The experimentation includes a technological evaluation of the proper micro-EDM technology, chosen according to the final design of the components. Two materials are investigated for the device fabrication: titanium and Si3N4-TiN ceramic composite. An optimization of the main technological parameters is performed in order to maximize the material removal rate ensuring the accuracy of the micro-features required. Finally, a test case is selected in order to evaluate the entire fabrication process chain.

Characterization and Stability Studies of Egusi Melon Seed Oil (Citrullus colocynthis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.O. Ajenu ◽  
M.E. Ukhun ◽  
C. Imoisi ◽  
E.E. Imhontu ◽  
L.E. Irede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Melon Seed ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Value ◽  
Melon Seed Oil

The physical value of oil depends upon its chemical composition, even today these values play a vital role while using different oil for industrial products and also, despite the vast nutritional and medicinal significance of egusi melon, there are little details on the shell life and stability of its oil over time. Therefore, the influence of time and temperature on melon seed oil was investigated at temperatures of 0oC and 30oC at different weeks to ascertain its physicochemical value and storage stability. For week zero, at 0oC and ambient temperature (30oC), the result revealed iodine value 124.09, Acid value 3.64 mgNaOH/g, Free Fatty Acid value 1.84 mgNaOH/g, Saponification 217.35 mgKOH/g, Peroxide value 1.25 mg/g oil, pH 5.89 and thiobarbituric acid value 0.1383 respectively. In the 5th week, at 30oC, the result revealed iodine value 91.1543, acid value 12.8921 mgNaOH/g, free fatty acid value 6.4988 mgNaOH/g, Saponification 346.42 mgKOH/g, Peroxide value 9.5mg/g oil, pH 3.2 and thiobarbituric acid value 0.413 respectively. Also at 0oC in the 5th week, the results were observed as follow: Iodine value 102.53, Acid value 7.96 mgNaOH/g, Free Fatty Acid value 4.01 mgNaOH/g, saponification 287.51 mgKOH/g, Peroxide value 6.1 mg/g oil, pH 5.05, and thiobarbituric acid value 0.2658 respectively. Refrigeration (0oC) of oil reduced the rate of most of the oxidative deterioration that produces rancidity. These values are within recommended range for edible oils. These results indicate that egusi melon oil could be a good source of table oil. The statistical results show that there was a significant difference between the melon seed oil stored at 0oC and 30oC (P < 0.001).

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN SUHU PENGOLAHAN DENGAN METODE STEAM JACKETED SEDERHANA TERHADAP MUTU MINYAK DARI LIMBAH KEPALA IKAN MACKEREL Different Processing Temperatures of Simple Steam Jacketed Method toward Quality of Crude Fish Oil from Head Wasteof Mackerel

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Rukmana Rahayu Lestari ◽  
Ratna Ibrahim ◽  
Putut Har Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Omega 6

ABSTRAK   Proses pengolahan minyak ikan kasar dengan metode steam jacketed di salah satu perusahaan pengolahan hasil perikanan menggunakan bahan baku campuran limbah padat pengalengan ikan Mackerel dengan suhu yang tinggi 90-100 °C menghasilkan produk yang belum memenuhi persyaratan mutu minyak ikan secara nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan suhu pengolahan minyak ikan kasar ≤ 85 °C dari kepala ikan Mackerel tanpa insang dengan metode steam jacketed sederhana terhadap mutu produknya serta untuk mengetahui suhu dan lama waktu pengolahan yang menghasilkan minyak ikan kasar yang memenuhi persyaratan mutu secara nasional maupun internasional. Materi penelitian berupa kepala ikan Mackerel tanpa insang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental laboratoris. Percobaan dirancang dengan Rancangan Percobaan Kelompok dengan perlakuan suhu berbeda (85 °C, 75 °C, dan 65 °C). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Variabel mutu yang diamati adalah asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida, bilangan iod, kadar air, rendemen dan nilai sensori, serta uji profil asam lemak untuk produk yang terbaik. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan perbedaan diantara perlakuan diuji dengan Uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan suhu pengolahan minyak ikan kasar dari kepala ikan Mackerel tanpa insang dengan metode steam jacketed sederhana memberikan pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap nilai asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida, bilangan iod, dan rendemen, tetapi tidak menyebabkan perbedaan nyata terhadap nilai sensori. Mutu produk terbaik yaitu produk yang diolah pada suhu 65 °C selama 20 menit, produk tersebut mengandung asam lemak omega-3 dan omega-6.   Kata kunci: Kepala ikan Mackerel, Minyak ikan kasar, Steam jacketed sederhana     ABSTRACT  The process of crude fish oil processing using the steam jacketed method in a fish product processing company which uses the raw material of solid mixed waste of canned Mackerel at 90-100 °C result in the products which have not fulfilled the requirement of national fish oil quality. The purpose of this research is to figure out the effect of processing temperature difference in the processing of crude fish oil below or at 85 °C from gill-less Mackerel fish head using the simple steam jacketed method on the quality of the processing products. This research is also intended to figure out the temperature and duration for the processing which produces the crude fish oil to fulfill both national and international quality standard.The research materials were gill-less Mackerel fish heads. The research was conducted using laboratory experimental method. The experiments were designed into Randomized Block Design with difference temperatures (85 °C, 75 °C, and 65 °C). Each of the temperature treatments was made in triplicate. The quality variables to be observed were free fatty acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, moisture content, yield and sensory value. The quality variables which made the best treatment was then tested using the fatty acid profile test for the best crude fish oil product. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, and the difference among the treatments were tested using HSD test.The research result showed that the temperature difference in crude fish oil processing from gill-less Mackerel fish heads using the simple steam jacketed method gave significantly different effect on free fatty acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, and yield. However, did not give significantly different effect on sensory value. The best product quality was obtained from the product which was processed at 65 °C for 20 minutes, the product contains fatty acid omega-3 and omega-6. Keywords: Crude fish oil, Mackerel fish head, Simple steam jacketed method

scholarly journals PURIFICATION OF BIODIESEL USING RICE STRAW AND DIOSCOREA ALATA STARCH AS NATURAL ADSORBENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Yulidar Yulidar ◽  
Saiful Saiful ◽  
Ilham Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Dioscorea Alata ◽  
Potassium Oleate ◽  
Natural Adsorbents ◽  
Washing Method ◽  
Initial Content

Janeng starch (Dioscorea Alata) and rice straws are developed to be used as adsorbents in dry washing method to purify crude biodiesel. In this study, we evaluate the potential of rice straw and janeng starch as natural adsorbents in the purification of biodiesel that replace the role of water in absorbing contaminants from biodiesel. The SEM characterization results show that the starch adsorbent and rice straw has an open and porous surface and is evenly distributed for janeng starch. Both adsorbents, either the janeng starch or rice straw, can be applied for the purification of biodiesel. The quality of biodiesel is influenced by the amount of adsorbents used in biodiesel purification. The effectiveness of the adsorbent is shown by the decrease in free fatty acids, alkali numbers, soap numbers and turbidity levels in biodiesel. The concentration of free fatty acid oil in crude biodiesel before the purification step was 0.769 mg-KOH/g, then decreased to 0.128 mg-KOH/g after the adsorption. This acid value had been very low and met the Indonesian quality national standard for biodiesel spesically 0.50 mg-KOH/g. Either janeng starch or rice straw adsorbent was able to reduce the soap content of potassium oleate to level 53.33 ppm from the initial content of 106.67 ppm. These two natural adsorbents can be the alternative adsorbents in the purification of biodiesel that employs dry washing method.

scholarly journals UPAYA PEREMAJAAN DAN PENYERAPAN LOGAM MINYAK GORENG BEKAS INDUSTRI MAKANAN TRADISIONAL DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN BIOADSORBEN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Susi Desminarti ◽  
Edi Joniarta
Keyword(s):  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The research has been carried out in the Processing and Chemistry Laboratory of Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh and Post Harvest Laboratory in Bogor since July until November 2006. The research objectives was to prolong the using time of used cooking oil on food industries through applying the empty fruit bunch of palm bioadsorbent. The optimum condition of TKKS applied were 125 mm size and 5% bioadsorben from the weight of oil (Desminarti dan Rahzarni, 2004). The prolonging of cooking oil application can be done throughrefining used cooking oil so that the part of bad cooking oil can be lremoved. Statistical design used in this research was Completely Randomized Design with four treatments dan three replications. If the result was significant it will be followed by DMRT test on 5% significant level. Based on the experiment could be concluded that that four times titration could produced the oil based on SNI criterya in the relation to the water content (0.23%), peroxide value (0.82%) and free fatty acid value (0.23%) and it could also decrease Fe content from 76ppm to 22 ppm, Cu from 1.2 ppm to 0.40 ppm and Non Urea Adduct Forming (NAF) from 126 ppm to 102 ppm. The bioadsorbent sorption content on water varied from 78% to 80%; peroxide value from 14.71 to 59.80%, free fattyacid from 55.61 to 89.25%, Fe from 68.42 to 71.05%, Cu from 5% to 60% and NAF from 17.46 to 19.05%.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE PHARMACEUTICO ANALYTICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE CONCEPT OF AVARTANA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO 1, 10, 50, 100 AVARTITA MADHUKA TAILA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1334-1343
Author(s):  
Anagha. V. G ◽  
Vikram. S
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Rf Values

Avartana is a unique concept mentioned for Sneha Kalpana. The more the number of Avartana the more potent will be the formulation. “Shata Paka Madhuka Taila" is one such formulation that is explained in Charaka Chikitsa Vataraktha Adhikara. Samples were subjected to pharmaceutico - Analytical study to compare the probable changes that would have happened pharmaceutically & analytically. Shata paka Madhuka Taila was prepared as per reference & samples were Analysed. The change in the organoleptic characters of all the Avartita samples was noted. Consistency of taila to semisolid consistency of ghruta in proceeding Avartana was observed. A slight increase in specific gravity & Refractive index were noted, decrease in acid value & iodine value was observed. Rancidity test passed & peroxide value was nil. slight acidic pH was noted. The presence of more bands with different Rf values was seen towards 50th, 75th & 100th Avartita samples on TLC. Pharmaceutical procedure reveals that concentration of the Active bio constituents of yastimadhu & milk fat gets increased in each Avartana., And it was evident from organoleptic characters like conversion of liquid Consistency of taila to semisolid consistency of ghruta (on cooling) in proceeding Avartana. A slight increase in specific gravity & Refractive index suggests more active constituents, decrease in acid value & iodine value suggests products are more stable & less chance of rancid on successive avartana. Rancidity & peroxide value tells product are not rancid. pH changes indicate slight acidicnature & may be irritant due to high potency. TLC shows the presence of more bands towards 50th, 75th& 100th avarti samples shows more active constituents. Hence Avartana process helps for potentiating the formulation by adding active constituents. Keywords: Sneha Kalpana, Avartana, Shata Paka Madhuka Taila.

STUDY OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF COMPLEX CO2-EXTRACT OF ROSE HIPS AND HAWTHORN AS AN INGREDIENT OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. ПЕЛИПЕНКО ◽  
Н.М. АГЕЕВА ◽  
Т.И. ТИМОФЕЕНКО ◽  
В.И. АБАКУМОВ ◽  
А.С. ТЕСЛЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Normative Documentation ◽  
Active Substances

Показана необходимость обеспечения нормативной документацией СО2-экстрактов с целью повышения объективности оценки их качества. Объектом исследований были три образца комплексного СО2-экстракта плодов шиповника и боярышника (фирма «Явента», г. Краснодар). Процентное соотношение масс плодов шиповника и боярышника в исходном сырье составило соответственно 70 : 30. Определены основные органолептические и физико-химические показатели комплексного СО2-экстракта плодов шиповника и боярышника: кислотное число, эфирное число, перекисное число, массовая доля эфирного масла. Величина показателя перекисного числа образца комплексного СО2-экстракта плодов шиповника и боярышника составила 6,8 мэкв/кг и может служить идентификационным признаком подлинности экстракта. Установлено наличие в составе исследованного комплексного СО2-экстракта плодов шиповника и боярышника биологически активных веществ: каротиноидов, токоферолов, ненасыщенных жирных кислот, флавоноидов, терпеновых соединений, подтверждающих целесообразность его использования в рецептурах косметических средств. The necessity to provide normative documentation of CO2-extracts with the aim of increasing the objectivity of assessment of their quality is shown. Three samples of complex CO2-extract of rose hips and hawthorn (firma “Yaventa”, Krasnodar) have been the object of research. The percentage masses of rose hips and hawthorn in the feedstock was accordingly 70 : 30. Main organoleptic and physico-chemical characteristics of complex CO2-extract of rose hips and hawthorn – acid value, ester value, peroxide value, mass fraction of essential oil determined. Values of peroxide value of a sample of complex CO2-extract of rose hips and hawthorn amounted to 6,8 mEq/kg and may serve as identification of the authenticity of the extract. The presence of studied complex CO2-extract of rose hips and hawthorn of biologically active substances: carotenoids, tocopherols, unsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, terpene compounds, confirming the feasibility of its use in formulations of cosmetic products, was installed.

Effect of Se Enrichment on Improving the Quality of Camellia Oil from Different Source Varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-663
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Lichao Wu ◽  
Yimin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Camellia Oil ◽  
Functional Components

Se-enriched camellia oil has received increasing attention because it can improve the Se intake of diet for Se deficiency areas and has a wide spectrum of biological effects. Six main cultivars of camellia oil in Guangxi, including Camellia oleifera cenxiruanzhi 2 (CR2), CR3, C. oleifera xianglin 4 (XL4), XL40, C. oleifera changlin 1 (CL1), and CL210, were selected for fertilization experiment to produce Se-enriched camellia oil and investigated the effect of Se enrichment on quality. The Se content in camellia oil of six varieties was significantly increased by Se fertilizer application. CR2 had the maximum Se content and raise ratio compared to CK, which was 0.87 mg kg−1 and fourfold, respectively. The Se contents in XL1, XL210, CR3, CL4, and CL40 improved by 2.14-, 2.77-, 3.58-, 2.56-, and 3.79-fold, respectively. Se fertilizer reduced the acid and peroxide values and increased the squalene and tocopherol contents. The acid value decreased by 38.29%–61.30%, the peroxide value decreased by 20.66%–61.79%, the tocopherol content increased by 7.76%–32.78%, and the squalene content increased by 13.53%–77.39%. The quality indices were significantly different among camellia oil varieties. Principal component analysis showed that CR2 obtained the highest score by comprehensive evaluation. Se fertilization, particularly for CR2 species, can significantly increase the contents of Se as well as functional components, such as squalene and tocopherol, and thus improve the quality of camellia oil

scholarly journals THE QUALITY OF COCONUT OIL PREPARED USING HEATING TECHNIQUE WITH ADDITION OF CARROT POWDER (Daucus carrota L) AS NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
N. M. Suaniti ◽  
M. Manurung ◽  
O. Ratnayani ◽  
A.A. I.S.J. Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Level ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Peroxide Number

Spoilage of coconut oil is indicated by rancidity caused by the oxidation and hydrolysis reactions. One of the efforts that can be carried out to inhibit the rancidity is by adding a natural antioxidant, such as carrot (Daucus carrota L) powder, into the coconut oil. This research aimed to find out the effect of the addition of carrot powder into the coconut oil on some parameters namely iodine number, peroxide number, FFA level, acid value and water content. The coconut oil was prepared by heating technique followed by the addition of carrot powder in the ratio of coconut oil:carrot of 100:1, 100:2, 100:3, 100:4, 100:5, and coconut oil:BHT (Butyl Hydroxy Toluene) of 100:1 as the positive control. The results were then compared to the Indonesian National Standard of SNI 01-2902-1992. It was found that the coconut oil added with carrot powder in the ratio of 100:4 showed the best quality with iodine number of 8.4092 ± 0.5761g iodine/100g, peroxide number of 3.2363 ± 1.9168mg O2/100g, Free Fatty Acid level (FFA) of 0.1676 ± 0.0037 %, acid value of 0.4656 ± 0.0119mg KOH/g and water content of 0.1038 ± 0.0068 %. The characterization using FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) of such quality of coconut oil indicated some functional groups of OH, CH, CH3, C=O, CºC aliphatic and C=C aliphatic were contained.

The Research on the Optimal Coagulant in Oily Wastewater Treatment using Flat Ceramic Membrane Filtering Device

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 502-505
Author(s):  
Ji Ku Zhang ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Xue Ning Liu ◽  
Wei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Module Structure ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Oily Wastewater Treatment

Membrane separation technique has a beneficial effect when applied to remove dispersed oil,emulsified oil and dissolved oil,the removal rate is more than 95%,meanwhile there is no secondary pollution, and separation process is without phase transformation, at the same time the membrane module structure is simple,and it has a short process,meanwhile the equipment also consumes low energy[1]. We use flat ceramic membrane filtering device adding coagulant to dispose oily wastewater.To choosing coagulant,we do an experiment in motionless beaker with FeCl3,PAC,PAM and two combinations of them to investigate the effect of oily wastewater treatment.Meanwhile,to provide a scientific basis for oily wastewater,we perform univariate analysis on optimal pharmacy to gain the most suitable technological parameters of oily wastewater treatment.

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