scholarly journals Consequentialism and Nonhuman Animals

2020 ◽  
pp. 563-591
Author(s):  
Tyler M. John ◽  
Jeff Sebo
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Significant Conflict

Consequentialism is thought to be in significant conflict with animal rights theory because it does not regard activities such as confinement, killing, and exploitation as in principle morally wrong. Proponents of the “Logic of the Larder” argue that consequentialism results in an implausibly pro-exploitation stance, permitting us to eat farmed animals with positive well-being to ensure future such animals exist. Proponents of the “Logic of the Logger” argue that consequentialism results in an implausibly anti-conservationist stance, permitting us to exterminate wild animals with negative well-being to ensure future such animals do not exist. We argue that this conflict is overstated. Once we have properly accounted for indirect effects, such as the role that our policies play in shaping moral attitudes and behavior and the importance of accepting policies that are robust against deviation, we can see that consequentialism may converge with animal rights theory significantly, even if not entirely.

scholarly journals Are Sportspersons Good Moral Role Models?

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Roger Melin
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Moral Behavior ◽  
Fair Play ◽  
Good Basis ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

AbstractIt has been thought that sportspersons, through their participation in sport, acquire moral attitudes and behavior that make them good moral role models. These moral attitudes and behavior can be called the ethos of sport, and consist of the principles of fair play and courage, justice, and honesty. In this article, it is argued that this belief is mistaken. Through four very common examples of sporting practice, it is shown that sport, contrary to providing a good basis for proper moral behavior, promotes what otherwise would be called non-moral attitudes and behavior. As a conclusion, it is pointed out that sportspersons might very well be good moral role models, but that they would be moral role models in spite of the fact that they are involved in sporting activities.

scholarly journals OPTIMISME DAN SCHOOL WELL-BEING PADA MAHASISWA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
M A Ahkam ◽  
Nur Afni Indahari Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Campus Environment ◽  
State College ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstrak. Penelitian berbasis lingkungan kampus sangat tepat untuk dapat membuat kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap topik well-being. Konsep school well-being sebagai sebuah keadaan kampus yang memungkinkan individu memuaskan kebutuhan dasarnya, yang meliputi having, loving, being, dan health. Salah satu yang dapat mendukung terciptanya school well-being adalah optimisme pada mahasiswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji  hubungan antara optimisme dan school well-being. Subjek penelitian adalah  96 mahasiswa psikologi UNM. Hasil peneilitian adalah  korelasi positif  optimisme dan school well being. Optimisme pada mahasiswa dianggap sebagai suatu pertimbangan yang memiliki kecenderungan untuk memengaruhi perasaan, sikap cara berpikir dan perilaku seseorang dalam situasi tertentu. Kondisi optimisme pada mahasiswa dapat memberikan hasil yang baik pada school well-being.  Abstract. Research study based on campus environment is very appropriate to make a significant contribution to the topic of well-being. The concept of school well-being as a state college that allows people to satisfy their basic needs, which include having, loving, being, and health. Student optimism is one of the factors that can support the school well-being. The purpose of this study is to measure the correlation between the school well-being and student optimism by using product moment correlation method. The subject was 96 students of psychology UNM. The test results show positive correlation between optimisme and school well being. Optimism on student regarded as a judgment which has the tendency to influence feelings, attitudes and behavior of a person's way of thinking in certain situations. Conditions optimism in students can give good results at school well-being.

Penerapan Media Penjepit Jemuran untuk Menanamkan Sifat Kejujuran Anak Usia Dini

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Veryawan Veryawan
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Mastery Learning ◽  
Average Child ◽  
Classroom Action Research ◽  
Group B ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This study aims to review the moral development of children. In moral attitudes and behavior, it is implied that the values ​​adhered to are related to the value of something that is said to be good and bad, right and wrong, appropriate, and should happen. This research was conducted at RA Al Ikhlas Konggo Deli Serdang. The subjects of this study were students of RA Al Ikhlas Konggo in group B III totaling 15 people consisting of 6 women and 9 men with a recreational theme. The research used is classroom action research. In interpreting the results of the analysis carried out during the process of clamping clotheslines, researchers used percentage analysis to obtain results about increasing the honesty nature of early childhood through the application of clothesline clamp media and analysis tests using the average child and the criteria for mastery learning children. In the study, it is considered successful if the results achieved by the child have reached 80% in the application of clothesline clamp media to instill honesty in early childhood.

scholarly journals Right to Place: A Political Theory of Animal Rights in Harmony with Environmental and Ecological Principles

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Panagiotarakou
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Geographical Mobility ◽  
Place Theory ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions ◽  
The Right

The focus of this paper is on the “right to place” as a political theory of wild animal rights. Out of the debate between terrestrial cosmopolitans inspired by Kant and Arendt and rooted cosmopolitan animal right theorists, the right to place emerges from the fold of rooted cosmopolitanism in tandem with environmental and ecological principles. Contrary to terrestrial cosmopolitans—who favour extending citizenship rights to wild animals and advocate at the same time large-scale humanitarian interventions and unrestricted geographical mobility—I argue that the well-being of wild animals is best served by the right to place theory on account of its sovereignty model. The right to place theory advocates human non-interference in wildlife communities, opposing even humanitarian interventions, which carry the risk of unintended consequences. The right to place theory, with its emphasis on territorial sovereignty, bases its opposition to unrestricted geographical mobility on two considerations: (a) the non-generalist nature of many species and (b) the potential for abuse via human encroachment. In a broader context, the advantage of the right to place theory lies in its implicit environmental demands: human population control and sustainable lifestyles.

scholarly journals Consumer Perceptions, Attitudes, and Purchase Behavior with Landscape Plants during Real and Perceived Drought Periods

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Knuth ◽  
Bridget K. Behe ◽  
Charles R. Hall ◽  
Patricia T. Huddleston ◽  
R. Thomas Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

In the coming decades, no natural resource may prove to be more critical to human health and well-being than water. There is abundant evidence that the condition of water resources in many parts of the United States is deteriorating. In some regions of the country, the availability of sufficient water to meet growing domestic uses, and the future sufficiency of water to support the use of landscape plants where we live, work, and play is in doubt. Conservation through water efficiency measures and water management practices may be the best way to help resolve water problems. Yet, consumer perceptions and attitudes and behavior toward water conservation may differ widely, particularly in the presence of drought. This study sought to add to the current horticulture and water conservation literature by exploring consumer attitudes and behavior during real and perceived drought situations, especially in terms of their landscape purchases and gardening/landscaping activities. Study findings could better inform educational programs and marketing strategies, helping to ensure the future demand of Green Industry products and services. With a national sample of 1543 subjects, an online survey tool was used to classify respondents into categories based on whether they accurately perceived if the region in which they lived was experiencing drought. We hypothesized that consumers were heterogeneous in their attitudes and behavior regarding plants and water conservation, depending on their real and perceived drought situations, and that their attitudes affected their behavior regarding plant purchases. Results confirmed this hypothesis. Attitudes and behaviors for those who correctly perceived they were in drought were different from those who correctly perceived they were not in drought, as well as those who incorrectly did not perceive they were in an actual drought.

scholarly journals Revitalization Education in Problem Areas as a Tool for the Implementation of Social Welfare

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11291
Author(s):  
Beata Skubiak
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
Life Patterns ◽  
Economic Decision Making ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Achieving social well-being in problem areas requires social and economic activation, which is made possible by a change in the attitudes and behavior of the area’s inhabitants. In this systematic review article, the author points out that in order for current public interventions for people at risk in problem areas to be effective, the use of available research by neurobiologists is required. To this end, the author: (1) made a synthetic characterization of problem areas in the world, with particular emphasis on social challenges; (2) reviewed both the available research written by neuroscientists and their subsequent conclusions, which may contribute to better explanations of the social consequences of transformation; (3) on this basis, the author formulated conclusions and recommendations for decision makers. In addition, a review of available research by neuroscientists will help to understand why efforts so far targeting marginalized social groups have been ineffective or insufficient. Revitalization education is defined as all the processes and interactions that aim to change the attitudes and behaviors of people, in particular children and adolescents, in order to contribute to the integration and inclusion of people at risk of social exclusion, and thus improve their well-being. Revitalization education should be directed at people who are caught up in a negative loop of social patterns. Since their fate is shaped by the influence of parents and teachers, the method used for reconstructing positive life patterns towards prodevelopment skills and competences should also be directed at these groups. The article discusses: social problems of marginalized areas; the impact of neuroscience on economic decision making; and recommendations formulated for educational activities.

Hubris to Humility

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswald J. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Environmental Stewardship ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Awareness ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
The One ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This chapter examines what environmental stewardship hopes to accomplish by putting it into the context of broader anthropocentric and nonanthropocentric ethical considerations. The ethical awareness and non-economic values that humans have for nature plays an important part in shaping human attitudes and behavior: how humanity views and treats life on Earth. The field of nonanthropocentric environmental ethics emerged in response to a desire for greater humility in human engagement with nature. The chapter considers how nonanthropocentric ethics are expressed in society, citing as an example the animal rights and animal welfare movement. It also discusses environmental stewardship as an emerging ethic that is intermediate between anthropocentrism on the one hand, and ecocentrism on the other. Finally, it reflects on what will happen when humans heavily exploit or damage ecosystems.

Basic Personal Values and Political Orientations

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalom H. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Basic Personal Values

This chapter explains how values structure political attitudes and behavior, by laying out the theoretical framework and arguing for the relevance of these personal values to politics. It defines ten broad values according to the motivation that underlies each of them. These ten values may encompass the full range of motivationally distinct values recognized across cultures. They are likely to be universal because they are grounded in one or more of three universal requirements of human existence, with which they help people cope: needs of people as biological organisms, requisites of coordinated social interaction, and survival and welfare needs of groups. The chapter's analyses indicate that some of the personal values—in particular, tradition, conformity, hedonism, and universalism—have both direct and indirect effects on voting behavior and political attitudes.

scholarly journals Moral Education of Children Streets In PPAP Seroja Surakarta

2019 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Badrus Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

The research objectives to be achieved are: To find out the concept of moral education given by the PPAP Seroja institution to street children in Surakarta, what factors influence the difficulty of applying moral education in PPAP Seroja Surakarta, and the level of moral development of street children after being provided with moral education at the PPAP Seroja Surakarta institution. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative study conducted at PPAP Seroja Surakarta in 2019, data collected through the method of observation, documentation, and interviews. The analysis was conducted using interactive analysis with three components namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The conclusions of the study are as follows: Moral education in street children at PPAP Seroja Surakarta, which involves fostering good moral attitudes and behavior or good character and is expected to help in the moral development of street children in forming character, good character of citizenship, who has good morals. Factors that influence the difficulty of implementing moral education in PPAP Seroja Surakarta are street children who do not have the awareness to attend moral education, lack of competency, less supportive infrastructure, and family environment that tends to be passive and far from moral values. The level of moral development of street children after being provided with moral education at PPAP Seroja Surakarta is at the conventional level, namely at level III (orientation to the group of "sweet children" or "good children") and level IV (law and order orientation).

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