scholarly journals Body weight recovery after rapid weight loss may relate to meal frequency or time in wrestlers

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Kondo ◽  
Keiko Motonaga ◽  
Satoko Ozawa ◽  
Yoshiko Ishii ◽  
Akiko Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss

scholarly journals During Rapid Weight Loss in Obese Children, Reductions in TSH Predict Improvements in Insulin Sensitivity Independent of Changes in Body Weight or Fat

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 5412-5418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Aeberli ◽  
Andreas Jung ◽  
Stefanie B. Murer ◽  
Johannes Wildhaber ◽  
Joanne Wildhaber-Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Obese Children

The feasibility and utility of a protein sparing modified fast (PSMF) in obese endometrial cancer survivors: A pilot study.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Thomas Patrick Lawler ◽  
Mary Beth Kavanagh ◽  
Christa Irene Nagel ◽  
Kristen Taylor Ruckstuhl ◽  
Sareena Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Protein Sparing ◽  
Lipid Panel

170 Background: Endometrial cancer affects 50,000 women a year. Obesity plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. Obese endometrial cancer survivors (ECS) are at significant lifetime risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), recurrence and death. There are no prospective studies examining the role of diet only in attempting to achieve weight loss in obese ECS. Protein sparing modified fast (PSMF), an approach to rapid weight loss, has been used to treat obesity in a safe manner. A pilot study is underway to investigate the feasibility of a PSMF for weight loss in this high risk population. Methods: To date, seven obese (BMI > 30kg/m^2) ECS have been placed on a PSMF under the supervision of a physician and dietitian. Patients provided demographic information and Obesity Quality of Life (OQOL) questionnaire. Comprehensive metabolic panel with lipid panel and biomarkers of inflammation were drawn. Patients were instructed to eliminate carbohydrate containing foods and to augment with 1.2g/kg of protein per obesity-adjusted ideal body weight. Primary objectives are: total weight loss, subject retention, compliance, side effects, QOL and alterations in markers of obesity and inflammation. Results: The median age of the patient group was 56 years. Median baseline weight was 292.4 pounds (185.9-369). Median BMI was 44.5 kg/m2 (37.5-61.4). Mean baseline leptin level was 54.3 ng/ml (normal: 2.5-21.8). Mean baseline C-reactive protein level, a strong marker for CVD, was 4.574 (high risk for CVD > 3). At 4 weeks median percent body weight lost was -6.48% (5.19%-7.00%). At 3 months the median loss nearly doubled to -13% (8.31%-14.11%). Significant reduction in CRP and leptin occurred in 2 patients: mean decrease was 3.9 and 28 points respectively. Conclusions: Our early data demonstrate that significant weight loss in obese endometrial cancer survivors is achievable in a standard outpatient gynecologic oncology practice. While long term follow up data and elucidation of the true significance of improvement in serum inflammatory markers are needed, we do know that even a 5-10% loss of body weight can lead to substantial improvement in CVD and diabetes risk.

scholarly journals Differences in the Bodyweight, Hydration Levels, Lean Mass, and Fat Mass in Spanish Junior Elite Judokas

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2853
Author(s):  
David Gamero-delCastillo ◽  
Jorge Lorenzo Calvo ◽  
Archit Navandar ◽  
Alfonso López Díaz de Durana
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Level Variable

Combat sports have a great interest in society and among professional sports. They are an important group of sports in the Olympic Games, but the strategies carried out by athletes to reduce body weight for weighing day, is famously known, suffering the adverse physical and psychological effects of rapid weight loss. This could compromise not only the performance, but the health and development of young athletes. A total of 22 elite male judokas (18.05 ± 1.05 years old) were evaluated during four different competitions in one season; the variables of body weight, water levels, and lean and fat mass were measured by bioimpedance (BIA), (Tanita BC545N) during one season. Using the linear mixed model test, we found significant differences in bodyweight variable during the competitions 3–4. The water level variable showed significant differences in all competitions, except for 2–4. Body mass index was significantly different in all competitions, being higher in the later competitions, except between competitions 1–2 and 2–3. Judokas participate in weight loss methods for their weigh-in days. Furthermore, the age at which the athletes reduced their water levels are worrisome. These results could be used to create healthy programs, especially in elite judokas, in order to carry out strategies before, during, and after competitions with weight loss and controlled water levels increasing future performance and health.

Hypocaloric diet with lower meal frequency did not affect weight loss, body composition and insulin responsiveness, but improved lipid profile: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika Duarte Grangeiro ◽  
Mariana Silva Trigueiro ◽  
Leysimar de Oliveira Siais ◽  
Hilana Moreira Paiva ◽  
Mauro Sola-Penna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Insulin Responsiveness

Dietary approaches are essential to control obesity, but the effectiveness of changes in meal frequency (MF) as a strategy for body weight loss or maintenance remain unclear.

Weight Management and Weight Loss Strategies of Professional Jockeys

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan M. Moore ◽  
Anna F. Timperio ◽  
David A. Crawford ◽  
Cate M. Burns ◽  
David Cameron-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Additional Weight ◽  
The Impact

Jockeys are required to maintain very low body weight and precise weight control during competition. This study examined the weight loss and weight management strategies of professional horseracing jockeys in the state of Victoria, Australia. An anonymous, self-completed questionnaire was administered (55% response rate, n=116). Almost half (43%) reported that maintaining riding weight was difficult or very difficult, with 75% routinely skipping meals. In preparation for racing, 60% reported that they typically required additional weight loss, with 81% restricting food intake in the 24 hours prior to racing. Additionally, sauna-induced sweating (29%) and diuretics (22%) were frequently employed to further aid in weight loss prior to racing. These rapid weight loss methods did not differ between the 51% of jockeys who followed a weight management plan compared to those who did not. The impact of these extreme weight loss practices on riding performance and health remains unknown.

Relationship between cold-induced thermoregulation and spontaneous rapid body weight loss of aging F344 rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (5) ◽  
pp. R1115-R1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. McDonald ◽  
M. Florez-Duquet ◽  
C. Murtagh-Mark ◽  
B. A. Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Acute Cold Exposure ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
F344 Rats

We previously showed that, although cold-induced thermoregulation is attenuated in 26-mo-old male Fischer 344 (F344) rats, not all rats this age exhibit the same degree of cold-exposed hypothermia or diminished brown adipose tissue nonshivering thermogenic capacity. Examination of this heterogeneity suggested the hypothesis that it was associated with a difference in the physiological state between aged rats that were maintaining stable body weight versus those showing the rapid weight loss often occurring near the end of the rat's natural life span. To test this, we acutely exposed male F344 rats to cold (4 h at 6 degrees C) beginning at 24 mo of age. This exposure was weekly for the first 2 wk and then on alternate weeks as long as the rat's body weight was stable. If body weight progressively declined for 3-5 consecutive days, the rat's response to the acute cold exposure was again measured, as was that of two additional rats not displaying this rapid loss in body weight. If body temperature decreased during the cold exposure to intraperitoneal temperatures < or = 32.5 degrees C, the rat was killed with pentobarbital sodium and interscapular brown adipose tissue was removed. One of the age-matched controls was also killed at this time. The age at which body weight showed a spontaneous rapid decline ranged from 24.5 to 29 mos. All eight rats displaying spontaneous rapid weight loss had significant hypothermia during the acute cold exposure, whereas none of the eight weight-stable rats did. The development of hypothermia in the spontaneous rapid weight loss group was not, in general, observed before their weight loss. The weight loss and hypothermia were associated with lower levels of brown fat uncoupling protein and significant changes in body fat and protein. These data suggest that the development of senescence-related hypothermia occurs rapidly and is not a simple function of chronological age or the median life span of the animals. Furthermore, these data imply that the rate of aging in terms of maintenance of thermoregulatory homeostasis has both a gradual and rapid component, the latter being associated with a different physiological state than the former.

Affect and Cognitive Performance in High School Wrestlers Undergoing Rapid Weight Loss

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Landers ◽  
Shawn M. Arent ◽  
Rafer S. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Study Results

Recent research has demonstrated transient affective changes and impairment of short-term memory in college wrestlers as a result of rapid weight loss (RWL) of at least 5% body weight prior to competition. This study examined the effects of RWL on cognition and affect in high school wrestlers. Wrestlers were considered to be engaging in RWL if they were losing over 5% of body weight (n = 14). Those losing less than 1% of body weight (n = 14) were considered maintainers and served as the control group. Both groups were given a battery of tests assessing cognitive performance (Trail Making Tests A & B, Stroop color-word test, Wechsler digit span, and choice reaction/movement time) and affective state (PANAS) at normal weight (5 to 10 days prior to competition) and again 8 to 12 hours prior to weigh-in. Results indicated an average loss of 4.68 kg in the RWL group and 0.29 kg in the control group. A group-by-time MANOVA and univariate follow-up tests indicated a significant group-by-time interaction for positive affect, p < .014, with the RWL wrestlers having less positive affect than the control group just prior to weigh-in. However, none of the cognitive performance tests demonstrated significant differential changes for RWL vs. control groups, p > .10. Given the control for competition effects in the present study, results suggest there are affective disturbances, but not cognitive impairments, associated with RWL of at least 5% body weight in high school wrestlers.

scholarly journals Increased meal frequency does not promote greater weight loss in subjects who were prescribed an 8-week equi-energetic energy-restricted diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 1098-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameason D. Cameron ◽  
Marie-Josée Cyr ◽  
Éric Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Dietary Energy Restriction

There have been reports of an inverse relationship between meal frequency (MF) and adiposity. It has been postulated that this may be explained by favourable effects of increased MF on appetite control and possibly on gut peptides as well. The main goal of the present study was to investigate whether using a high MF could lead to a greater weight loss than that obtained with a low MF under conditions of similar energy restriction. Subjects were randomised into two treatment arms (high MF = 3 meals+3 snacks/d or low MF = 3 meals/d) and subjected to the same dietary energy restriction of − 2931 kJ/d for 8 weeks. Sixteen obese adults (n 8 women and 8 men; age 34·6 (sd 9·5); BMI 37·1 (sd 4·5) kg/m2) completed the study. Overall, there was a 4·7 % decrease in body weight (P < 0·01); similarly, significant decreases were noted in fat mass ( − 3·1 (sd 2·9) kg; P < 0·01), lean body mass ( − 2·0 (sd 3·1) kg; P < 0·05) and BMI ( − 1·7 (sd 0·8) kg/m2; P < 0·01). However, there were NS differences between the low- and high-MF groups for adiposity indices, appetite measurements or gut peptides (peptide YY and ghrelin) either before or after the intervention. We conclude that increasing MF does not promote greater body weight loss under the conditions described in the present study.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Social Isolation and Weight Loss among Older Men and Women in S. Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 909-909
Author(s):  
Youngjoon Bae ◽  
Mark Pachucki
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Older Men And Women

Abstract Older men who live alone are typically believed to be highly susceptible to malnutrition. However, recent studies report their living alone status is associated with frailty negatively and with Type 2 diabetes positively. Meanwhile, older women who live alone are believed to be less susceptible to malnutrition, but qualitative research point out their high likelihood of malnutrition. There is little literature to explain these paradoxes. To evaluate this gap in understanding of how a metabolic process may be shaped by social context, this study examines whether different aspects of social isolation among older men and women (living alone, social contact, loneliness) are associated with adverse weight loss, as well as with indicators of meal frequency and body weight. For this, a data set comprised of 6,680 older adults from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging surveyed every two years from 2006 to 2018 was analyzed using panel regression models. Among older men, living alone was negatively associated with logged body weight even when considering loneliness but not associated with meal frequency and 5kg or more weight loss. Among older women, living alone was not associated with logged body weight but associated with fewer meals and 5kg or more weight loss. The association disappeared when considering loneliness. Unexpectedly, social contact was not significant to prevent adverse weight loss.

scholarly journals High Prevalence and Magnitude of Rapid Weight Loss in Mixed Martial Arts Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Hillier ◽  
Louise Sutton ◽  
Lewis James ◽  
Dara Mojtahedi ◽  
Nicola Keay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
High Prevalence

The practice of rapid weight loss (RWL) in mixed martial arts (MMA) is an increasing concern but data remain scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, magnitude, methods, and influencers of RWL in professional and amateur MMA athletes. MMA athletes (N = 314; 287 men and 27 women) across nine weight categories (strawweight to heavyweight), completed a validated questionnaire adapted for this sport. Sex-specific data were analyzed, and subgroup comparisons were made between athletes competing at professional and amateur levels. Most athletes purposefully reduced body weight for competition (men: 97.2%; women: 100%). The magnitude of RWL in 1 week prior to weigh-in was significantly greater for professional athletes compared with those competing at amateur level (men: 5.9% vs. 4.2%; women: 5.0% vs. 2.1% of body weight; p < .05). In the 24 hr preceding weigh-in, the magnitude of RWL was greater at professional than amateur level in men (3.7% vs. 2.5% of body weight; p < .05). Most athletes “always” or “sometimes” used water loading (72.9%), restricting fluid intake (71.3%), and sweat suits (55.4%) for RWL. Coaches were cited as the primary source of influence on RWL practices (men: 29.3%; women: 48.1%). There is a high reported prevalence of RWL in MMA, at professional and amateur levels. Our findings, constituting the largest inquiry to date, call for urgent action from MMA organizations to safeguard the health and well-being of athletes competing in this sport.

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