scholarly journals The Effect of Taxifolin on Cisplatin-Induced Pulmonary Damage in Rats: A Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edhem Unver ◽  
Mustafa Tosun ◽  
Hasan Olmez ◽  
Mehmet Kuzucu ◽  
Ferda Keskin Cimen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Pulmonary Damage ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Histopathological Results

The effect of taxifolin on cisplatin-induced oxidative pulmonary damage was investigated biochemically and histopathologically in male albino Wistar rats. There were four groups, with six animals in each group: 50 mg/kg of taxifolin plus 2.5 mg/kg of cisplatin (TC) group, 2.5 mg/kg of cisplatin only (CIS) group, 50 mg/kg of taxifolin only (TG) group, and a healthy control group (HG). In terms of the experimental procedure, the animals in the TC and TG groups were first treated via oral gavage. The CIS and HG groups received distilled water as solvent, respectively. One hour later, the TC and CIS groups received cisplatin at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg (injected intraperitoneally). Taxifolin, cisplatin, and the distilled water were administered at the indicated dose and volume, using the same method daily for 14 d. At the end of this period, the animals were killed with a high dosage of thiopental anaesthesia (50 mg/kg). Blood and lung tissue samples were taken for biochemical (malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total glutathione (tGSH), and 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) analyses and histopathological examinations. The biochemical and histopathological results in the TC and HG groups were then compared with those in the CIS group. Cisplatin increased the levels of MDA, myeloperoxidase, and 8-OHdG, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, and reduced the amount of tGSH in the lung tissue. Moreover, severe alveolar damage, including oedema and extensive alveolar septal fibrosis, in addition to infiltration of polymorphic nuclear leucocytes and haemorrhagic foci, was observed in the CIS group. These histopathological findings demonstrate that taxifolin provides protection against pulmonary oxidative stress by preventing increases in oxidant parameters and decreases in antioxidants.

Oxidative DNA Damage and NOX4 Levels in Children with Undescended Testes

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (06) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veli Avci ◽  
Kemal Ayengin ◽  
Hamit Hakan Alp
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

Background Undescended testis (UDT) is a common urological disorder. Patients with UDT have a risk of malignancy and infertility. The development of these conditions may be due to oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these parameters by detecting oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine/106 deoxyguanosine), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) levels in children with UDT and healthy control group. Materials and Methods The blood samples were obtained from 30 patients with UDT and 40 healthy male subjects. The levels of oxidative DNA damage were detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography method. We used commercially available kits that use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to measure IMA, MDA, and NOX4 levels. Results The levels of MDA, IMA, NOX4, and oxidative DNA damage in children with UDT were statistically significantly higher than control group. In addition, we found that the levels of NOX4, IMA, and oxidative DNA damage after 12 months of age was significantly higher than before 12 months of age. Conclusion We identified increased lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA damage, IMA, and NOX4 levels in children with UDT. Delay in the treatment of UDT may cause oxidative damage. That is why, according to us the antioxidant treatment may be beneficial in children with UDT.

scholarly journals Maternal and Fetal Toxicity of Carisoprodol Drug (Somadril Compound) on Pulmonary Tissues of Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Nahed Mohamed Mansour Emam
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Fetal Toxicity ◽  
Oral Doses

Carisoprodol is a common muscle relaxant indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute, painful musculoskeletal cases. This current study aimed to investigate the histopathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical effects in the lung tissue of the pregnant rats and their fetuses after carisoprodol treatment. The present study was applied on twenty seven pregnant female rats and they were randomly divided into three groups (nine pregnant female rats in each group). Rats of the first (control) group were administered oral doses of distilled water. Rats of the second (S1) and third groups (S2) were administered oral doses of carisoprodol in the distilled water equivalent to 10.8 mg and 21.6 mg/100g body weight/day respectively for fifteen days from the six to the twenty day of gestation. Several histopathological, histochemical and some immunohistochemical changes were studied to detect the pathological changes. Maternal and fetal pulmonary tissues of both treated groups showed numerous degenerative changes post-treatment with carisoprodol, the severity of these changes was more obvious in the fetal lung tissue of both groups. Also, carisoprodol treated rats showed a marked increase in caspase-3 content in the maternal and fetal pulmonary tissues. Treatment of pregnant rats with carisoprodol drug led to numerous dystrophic changes in both maternal and fetal lung tissues.

scholarly journals Estrogen and progesterone endometrial cell receptors in cows with subclinical endometritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (100) ◽  
pp. 141-150
Author(s):  
T. P. Basarab ◽  
V. Yu. Stefanyk ◽  
M. Koziorowski ◽  
K. Kozioł ◽  
A. R. Pilip
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Steroid Hormone Receptors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Uterine Endometrium ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Subclinical Endometritis

Pathological processes that strongly affect the uterine endometrium lead to infertility and abortion. The most common of these pathologies are clinical and subclinical endometritis. Subclinical endometritis is characterized by endometrial inflammation in the absence of clinical signs of endometritis. In this study, we used uterine samples obtained from Ukrainian black-and-white dairy cows aged 4 to 7 years to compare the histology of the uterine endometrium and changes in estrogen-α (ER-α), estrogen-β (ER-β) and progesterone (PgR) nuclear receptor sensitivity in cows with subclinical endometritis. Cows were separated based on cytological examination of the endometrium into a healthy group, or those presenting with subclinical endometritis. From these groups endometrial and epithelial tissue samples were obtained using biopsy forceps and an endoscope then analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrate that the sensitivity of ER-α and ER-β is lower while PgR sensitivity is elevated in cows with subclinical endometritis compared to the healthy control group. Additionally, we observed markedly altered histological changes characterized by enlargement of uterine glands, epithelial desquamation, and infiltration of leukocytes. These results suggest that there are significant changes in the endometrium linked to the sensitivity of nuclear steroid hormone receptors that may also play an immunoregulatory role in cows with subclinical endometriosis. While the interaction of steroid hormones and immunoregulation in the uterus remains to be elucidated, it may provide key insights into the uterine immune response.

Changes in lung eicosanoid content during normal and abnormal transition in perinatal lambs

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (2) ◽  
pp. L214-L222 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Abman ◽  
K. R. Stenmark
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Hypertensive Group

To study the potential contribution of eicosanoids in maintaining high vascular tone in utero or in modulating resistance during the normal or abnormal transition of the pulmonary circulation, we performed serial measurements of hemodynamic parameters and lung eicosanoid content in perinatal sheep with and without pulmonary hypertension. Prostacyclin (6-keto-PGF1 alpha), thromboxane (TxB2), and leukotriene contents were measured in fetal lung liquid (FLL), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue samples. Leukotriene content was barely detectable above background in FLL samples from 11 late-gestation fetuses, and lung leukotriene content in fetal lung was one-third of that measured in maternal lung (P less than 0.01). Tissue samples from serial lung biopsies obtained before and after cesarean-section delivery of late-gestation lambs demonstrated increased lung prostacyclin content after delivery (P less than 0.04), but no changes in total leukotriene or thromboxane contents were found. In an experimental model of perinatal pulmonary hypertension, prostanoid and leukotriene content of FLL obtained immediately before delivery were not different from an age-matched nonhypertensive control group. Leukotriene content in BALF and lung tissue obtained 2 h after delivery was not increased in the hypertensive group. TxB2, but not 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, content was higher in lung tissue from the hypertensive group (P less than 0.02). Thus lung leukotriene content did not decrease from fetal values after cesarean-section delivery, and the lipoxygenase pathway was not significantly activated with delivery after chronic intrauterine pulmonary hypertension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Assessment of the Diagnostic Value of GFAP, IGFBP-2, and YKL-40 in Patients with Glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Ebrahimpour ◽  
Guive Sharifi ◽  
Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki ◽  
Shirin Haghighifashi ◽  
Durdi Qujeq
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Tissue Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma ◽  
History Of

Background and Aims: An effective marker search in glioblastoma is precious in controlling and detecting the progression and monitoring of patients with glioblastoma. In this regard, the present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic role of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein -2 (IGFBP-2), and chitinase-3-like protein -1 (YKL-40) tissue and plasma levels in patients with GBM. Materials and Methods: A total of 22 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (the fourth grade of glioma) who had undergone surgery at the Erfan Hospital were included in the current study. The levels of GFAP, IGFBP-2 were evaluated in 22 tumor tissues, and non-timorous matched adjacent tissue samples of patients with glioblastoma using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay . Besides, 22 healthy subjects with no history of glioblastoma served as controls for plasma samples. All analyses were evaluated using the SPSS version 22.0. Results: The tissue levels of GFAP, IGFBP-2, and YKL-40 were significantly higher in patients with glioblastoma when compared to the healthy controls (p=0.001). Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in comparison to the healthy control group in the plasma samples. Conclusions: Tissue levels of GFAP, IGFBP-2, and YKL-40 may be potential biomarkers for predicting and the progression in patients with glioblastoma.

scholarly journals Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Activity in Alopecia Areata

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Namazi ◽  
Armaghan Ashraf ◽  
Farhad Handjani ◽  
Ebrahim Eftekhar ◽  
Amir Kalafi
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Ace Activity ◽  
The Difference

Background. Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the hair follicle. The exact pathogenesis of AA remains unknown, although recent studies support a T-cell mediated autoimmune process. On the other hand, some studies have proposed that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) may play a role in autoimmunity. Therefore, we assessed serum activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), a component of this system, in AA. Methods. ACE activity was measured in the sera of 19 patients with AA and 16 healthy control subjects. In addition, the relationship between severity and duration of the disease and ACE activity was evaluated. Results. Serum ACE activity was higher in the patient group (55.81 U/L) compared to the control group (46.41 U/L), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.085). Also, there was no correlation between ACE activity and severity (P=0.13) and duration of disease (P=0.25) in the patient group. Conclusion. The increased serum ACE activity found in this study may demonstrate local involvement of the RAAS in the pathogenesis of AA. Assessment of ACE in a study with a larger sample size as well as in tissue samples is recommended in order to further evaluate the possible role of RAAS in AA.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS ON DNA DAMAGE, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND LUNG MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CIGARETTE SMOKE-EXPOSED RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamri Ks ◽  
Norripin Mkn ◽  
Darus Fi ◽  
Ekambaram Dg ◽  
Abdul Raof Nd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of Chlorella vulgaris (ChV), antioxidant-rich unicellular green alga, and in cigarette smoke-exposed rats.Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: Control Group (C), ChV group (300 mg/kg body weight), cigarette smoke-exposed (S) group, and S group treated with ChV (S+ChV). Blood samples were drawn from the orbital sinus on days 0, 15, and 30 for the determination of DNA damage by Comet assay and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) using high-performance liquid chromatography. Rats were killed on day 30, and lung tissue samples were taken for the evaluation of airspace enlargement and number of inflammatory cells.Results: Increased DNA damage (1004.8 au + 329.2, day 15; 1102.7 + 197.8, day 30) and high MDA levels (10.66 + 0.27, day 15; 10.29 + 0.9 day 30) were found in cigarette smoke-exposed rats on days 15 and 30 but were reduced significantly (p<0.05) when treated with ChV (DNA: 482.6 + 223.3, day15; 423.5 + 74.6, day 30 and MDA: 6.1 + 0.6, day15; 6.6 + 2.5, day 30) for both days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that cigarette smoke-exposed rats had high frequency of airspace enlargement and number of inflammatory cells which were reduced when treated with ChV.Conclusion: ChV has a protective role in cigarette smoke-exposed rats by reducing oxidative DNA damage, MDA levels, lung cells inflammation, and airspace enlargement.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Telavancin in Comparison to Linezolid in a Porcine Model of Severe Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. e01009-20
Author(s):  
D. Battaglini ◽  
A. Motos ◽  
G. Li Bassi ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
F. Pagliara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Tracheal Aspirate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACTCurrent guidelines recommend vancomycin and linezolid as first-line agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nosocomial pneumonia. Telavancin is a potential new therapeutic alternative, specifically in monomicrobial MRSA pneumonia. This study compared the efficacies of telavancin versus linezolid in a porcine model of severe MRSA pneumonia. In 18 mechanically ventilated pigs (32.11 ± 1.18 kg), 75 ml of 106 CFU/ml of MRSA was administered into each pulmonary lobe. After the onset of pneumonia, pigs were randomized into three groups: a control group, a group receiving 22.5 mg/kg of body weight every 24 h (q24h) of telavancin, and a group receiving 10 mg/kg q12h of linezolid intravenously. Tracheal aspirate and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were cultured every 24 h. After 48 h of treatment, tissue samples were collected from the ventral and dorsal sections of each lobe. Microbiological and histopathological analyses were performed. Lung tissue concentrations differed among the groups (P = 0.019), with the lowest MRSA lung burden in the telavancin group (P < 0.05 versus the control). MRSA was detected in 46.7%, 40.0%, and 21.7% of the lung tissue samples from the control, linezolid, and telavancin groups, respectively (P < 0.001). MRSA concentrations differed among the groups in tracheal aspirate fluid (P = 0.011) but not in BAL fluid. Furthermore, there was no increased risk of kidney injury during telavancin use. Thus, telavancin has higher bactericidal efficacy than linezolid during the first 48 h of treatment in a porcine model of severe MRSA pneumonia. However, studies are needed to confirm the benefits of telavancin in treating MRSA nosocomial pneumonia.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis on lung transcriptome of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Mo) - infected Bashbay sheep and argali hybrid sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengqiang Li ◽  
Zhihui Du ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Yanming Sun
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Glycosylation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transcriptomic Response ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Mycoplasma Ovipneumoniae

Abstract Background Bashbay sheep (Bbs) has a certain degree of resistance to Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Mo), however, Argali hybrid sheep (Ahs) is susceptible to Mo. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the difference of the susceptibility for Mo infection, RNA-sequencing technology was used to compare the transcriptomic response of the lung tissue of Mo-infected Bbs and Ahs. Results Six Bbs and six Ahs were divided into experimental group and control group respectively, all of them were experimentally infected with Mo by intratracheal injection. For collecting lung tissue samples, three Bbs and three Ahs were sacrificed on day 4 post-infection, and the others were sacrificed on day 14 post-infection. Total RNA extracted from lung tissue were used for transcriptome analyses based on high-throughput sequencing technique and bioinformatics. The results showed that 212 (146 up-regulated, 66 down-regulated) DEGs were found when comparing transcriptomic data of Bbs and Ahs at 4th dpi, besides, 311 (158 up-regulated, 153 down-regulated) DEGs were found at 14th dpi. After GO analysis, three main GO items protein glycosylation, immune response and positive regulation of gene expression were found related to Mo infection. In addition, there were 20 DEGs enriched in these above items, such as SPLUC1 (BPIFA1), P2X7R, DQA, HO-1 and SP-A (SFTPA-1). Conclusions These selected 20 DEGs associated with Mo infection laid the foundation for further study on the underlying molecular mechanism involved in high level of resistance to Mo expressed by Bbs, meanwhile, provided deeper understandings about the development of pathogenicity and host-pathogen interactions.

In situ microprobe quantitation of inorganic particle burden in paraffin sections of lung tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 990-991
Author(s):  
Jerrold L. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Data Result

Inorganic particulate material of diverse types is present in the ambient and occupational environment, and exposure to such materials is a well recognized cause of some lung disease. To investigate the interaction of inhaled inorganic particulates with the lung it is necessary to obtain quantitative information on the particulate burden of lung tissue in a wide variety of situations. The vast majority of diagnostic and experimental tissue samples (biopsies and autopsies) are fixed with formaldehyde solutions, dehydrated with organic solvents and embedded in paraffin wax. Over the past 16 years, I have attempted to obtain maximal analytical use of such tissue with minimal preparative steps. Unique diagnostic and research data result from both qualitative and quantitative analyses of sections. Most of the data has been related to inhaled inorganic particulates in lungs, but the basic methods are applicable to any tissues. The preparations are primarily designed for SEM use, but they are stable for storage and transport to other laboratories and several other instruments (e.g., for SIMS techniques).

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