scholarly journals Examining healthcare institutions by bringing qualitative data from two eras into empirical dialogue

Ethnography ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146613812091306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judson G Everitt ◽  
James M Johnson ◽  
William H Burr ◽  
Stephanie H Shanower
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Professional Socialization ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Current Medical ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Institutional Persistence ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Shed Light

In this paper, we argue that there is new insight to be gained by reexamining the classic text, Boys in White, in strategic ways. Specifically, we share excerpts from Boys in White with current medical students and ask for their reactions in qualitative interviews, examining the relevance (or lack thereof) of earlier meanings about professional training for current processes of professional training. We show how we have employed this technique in our current project revisiting Boys in White with current medical students, and discuss preliminary findings that reveal the potential of this technique for documenting evidence of macro-level forces in healthcare institutions using qualitative data on new doctors. We conclude with discussion of alternative approaches through which scholars could make use of this technique in future professional socialization scholarship that could shed light on dynamics of institutional persistence and change.

scholarly journals Disclosure of Children's Positive Serostatus to Family and Nonfamily Members: Informal Caregivers in Togo, West Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami R. Moore ◽  
David Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Specific Reason

This study examined the structural constraints to disclosure of children's positive serostatus among informal caregivers to family and nonfamily members in Togo. It drew on two data sources, one qualitative and the other quantitative. Qualitative data showed that caregivers cautiously disclosed child's positive serostatus for fear of being stigmatized and discriminated against as well as to protect the children from being stigmatized. Binary regression analyses revealed that different factors influenced reasons for disclosure of a child's serostatus. For instance, while caregivers' serostatus and number of children significantly influenced disclosure for financial support, disclosure of a child's serostatus for spiritual support was strongly affected by education and religion. These results shed light on factors and reasons for disclosure among caregivers. This knowledge is important because different types of programs and advice should be given to caregivers with specific reason(s) for disclosure instead of creating a “one-size-fits all” program for all caregivers.

scholarly journals Responsabilidad universitaria de la educación médica en las unidades de salud

UVserva ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Domingo Vázquez Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
National Human ◽  
De Medicina

La Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos (CNDH) tiene 20 años realizando recomendaciones a las autoridades del Sistema Nacional de Salud por violaciones a los derechos humanos de los usuarios de las unidades de salud, derivadas de la falta de supervisión a estudiantes de medicina que, como parte de su educación profesional, atienden pacientes. La Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos establece que las universidades e instituciones de educación superior autónomas tienen la responsabilidad de la formación profesional en el país. En este sentido, las universidades son garantes de la formación, evaluación y supervisión de los estudiantes de medicina en las unidades de salud. Dirigir las recomendaciones de la CNDH a las instituciones educativas contribuiría significativamente a que los programas de educación médica mejoren significativamente y a que no se violen derechos humanos de los usuarios de las unidades de salud por falta de compromiso educativo.Palabras clave: Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos; Sistema Nacinal de Salud; estudiantes medicina; trato a pacientes; instituciones educativas; derechos humanos AbstractFor 20 years the National Human Rights Commission of Mexico (CNDH as it is a Spanish acronym) has been making recom­mendations addressed to the authorities of the National Health System on human rights violation against users of health units, which result from the lack of supervision of medical students that, as part of their professional tra­ining, treat patients. The Political Constitution of the Mexican United States points out that autonomous universities and higher education institutions are responsible for professional training in the country. In this sense, univer­sities are guarantors of training, assessment and supervision of medical students at heal­th units. Addressing the recommendations by CNDH to educational institutions will signifi­cantly contribute to improve the medical edu­cation programs and stop human rights viola­tions against users of health units because of lack of educational commitment.Keywords: National Human Rights Commission; National Health System; medical students; treat patients; educational institutions; human rights

scholarly journals A COMPARISON BETWEEN UNDERGRADUATE POLYTECHNIC AND MEDICAL EDUCATION SYSTEMS IN ROMANIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 746-750
Author(s):  
Liana Dehelean ◽  
Ana Maria Romosan ◽  
Petru Papazian ◽  
Mircea Babaita
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Career Preferences ◽  
Medical Perspective

Background: While medical and polytechnic education systems seem dissimilar in approach, they both share a certain level of difficulty. After graduating, polytechnic students find easy employment in national or multinational companies, whereas medical students are presented with more job opportunities abroad. The purpose of the study was to compare students’ satisfaction with training and career preferences from a technical and a medical perspective. The methods were as follows: the study participants were divided in two samples (polytechnic and medical undergraduates) and asked to fill in a satisfaction questionnaire regarding their professional training. In addition, they were invited to express options about the intended future career. Results: we found no differences between the two samples regarding the participants’ satisfaction with teaching staff and labs. Polytechnic students have more Ph.D. opportunities while medical students were more involved with participation in conferences. Satisfaction with lectures and practical projects was significantly higher among medical students. Conclusions: Both polytechnic and medical students rate their training as satisfying, and half of them consider leaving the country.

scholarly journals ATTITUDES TO THE DANGERS OF STUDENTS - FUTURE MEDICAL WORKERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Ирина Ивановна Корягина ◽  
Владимир Георгиевич Маралов ◽  
Елизавета Александровна Пилеко ◽  
Егор Павлович Блатов
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Course Of Study

Изучается отношение к опасности у студентов медицинского вуза в зависимости от курса обучения и пола. Рассматривались показатели отношения к опасностям: чувствительность (сензитивность) к угрозам и выбор способов реагирования в ситуациях опасности: адекватного, тревожного, игнорирующего. В качестве диагностического инструментария использовались авторские опросники на выявление чувствительности (сензитивности) к угрозам и способов реагирования в ситуациях опасности. Обработка результатов осуществлялась с применением методов математической статистики. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в процессе профессиональной подготовки студентов - будущих медицинских работников, а также в процессе деятельности психологической службы медицинского вуза. The attitude to danger which depends the course of study and the gender of the medical students is being studied. The indicators of the attitude to dangers were considered: sensibility (sensitivity) to threats and the choice of response methods in dangerous situations: adequate, worrying, ignoring. As the diagnostic tools the author's questionnaires were used to identify sensibility (sensitivity) to threats and the ways of responding to the situations of danger. The results were processed with the help of the methods of mathematical statistics. The results can be used in the process of professional training of the students who are future medical workers, as well as in the process of the psychological service of a medical university.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTICS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

2018 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
O. Lazurenko
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Emotional Competence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
General Description ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Control

The model and the logic of empirical research are determined. The experimental study of emotional competence is presented. A general description of the subjects is systematized. The results of the ascertaining experiment are presented. The author conducted her research in several directions. This approach allowed the researcher to present the quantitative characteristics of emotional intelligence on all scales and subscales in details. On this basis, the author makes a detailed qualitative analysis of the manifestation of the studied ability in future doctors. Besides, after conduction of the research, the author makes conclusion that students' ability to understand and manage other people's emotions and the ability to understand their own emotions and manage them are not formed enough. And these make impossible the success of the future professional activities of a doctor. The author makes conclusion that the development of emotional competence of students of medical universities can be formed by introducing special courses, educational and developmental training programs into the educational process. The correlation analysis allowed the author to empirically confirm the correct determination of the content of the basic components of the future doctor’s emotional competence. Besides, it is proved that the parameters of the social, cognitive, regulatory, empathic components of emotional competence significantly correlate with each other. The received results confirmed that during first year medical students of the experimental and control groups have the same positions of the level of development of emotional competence. And any significant statistical differences in its manifestation were not found among students of the experimental and control groups. Moreover, the received results at ascertaining stage of the study showed the insufficient level of development of the components of emotional competence among students of medical faculty. This led to the creation of a program for the formation of the emotional competence of a future doctor in the process of training in a higher medical school

scholarly journals Development and initial validation of a simple tool to screen for partner support or opposition to HIV prevention product use

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242881
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E. Tolley ◽  
Seth Zissette ◽  
Andres Martinez ◽  
Thesla Palanee-Phillips ◽  
Florence Mathebula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Initial Validation

In HIV prevention trials, male partners have influenced women’s ability to adhere to investigational products, including antiretroviral (ARV) containing vaginal rings. Validated scales can be useful tools to systematically measure complex constructs, such as those related to male partner engagement. Although multiple scales exist to assess physical, psychological and sexual violence within intimate relationships, fewer scales focus on supportive behaviors within these relationships. Our intervention involved development of a Healthy Relationship Assessment Tool (HEART) that assessed both positive and negative aspects of male partner involvement in women’s HIV prevention. We identified and refined 127 potential items, representing intimate partner violence, agency and social support. A structured survey, including potential items and other sociodemographic and behavioral variables was administered to former microbicide trial and non-trial participants. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify a reduced set of constructs and items to screen women who might experience social harms or benefits from vaginal ring use. We examined associations between constructs and with other survey variables to assess content and construct validity. In a subset of 10 women who participated in the survey and qualitative interviews, we used qualitative data to predict survey scores. We retained five constructs with theoretical relevance and good-to-strong reliability for the tool, including: Traditional Values; Partner Support; Partner Abuse & Control; Partner Resistance to HIV Prevention; and HIV Prevention Readiness. Predicted associations between HEART constructs, and correspondence between participants’ qualitative data and HEART scores were generally correct, while those between constructs and other sociodemographic variables were more mixed. Initial validation of the HEART tool was promising. The tool will be used during the CHARISMA pilot study at the Johannesburg MTN 025/HOPE site and validated as part of a randomized controlled trial of CHARISMA within a PrEP demonstration project. Beyond clinical trial settings, HEART could assist PrEP or antiretroviral treatment (ART) providers with an easy-to-administer tool to identify risk and tailor risk reduction, empowerment and adherence counseling for microbicides, PrEP or ART related services.

scholarly journals Preparing for One-on-One Qualitative Interviews: Designing and Conducting the Interview

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Stofer
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection

This new 4-page document provides instructions on designing the question guide and conducting one-on-one interviews for qualitative data collection. It covers common types of interviews and their uses as well as strategies to use when asking the questions of the interviewee. This document is designed to accompany AEC676, Preparing for One-on-One Qualitative Interviews: Logistics. Written by Kathryn A. Stofer and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural Education and Communication. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/wc338

Social Interaction Style in Autism: An Inquiry into Phenomenological Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-192
Author(s):  
Sofie Boldsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Interaction Style ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
The Social ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology

Abstract Autistic difficulties with social interaction have primarily been understood as expressions of underlying impairment of the ability to ‘mindread.’ Although this understanding of autism and social interaction has raised controversy in the phenomenological community for decades, the phenomenological criticism remains largely on a philosophical level. This article helps fill this gap by discussing how phenomenology can contribute to empirical methodologies for studying social interaction in autism. By drawing on the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and qualitative data from an ongoing study on social interaction in autism, I discuss how qualitative interviews and participant observation can yield phenomenologically salient data on social interaction. Both, I argue, enjoy their phenomenological promise through facilitating attention to the social-spatial-material fields in and through which social interactions and experiences arise. By developing phenomenologically sound approaches to studying social interaction, this article helps resolve the deficiency of knowledge concerning experiential dimensions of social interaction in autism.

PEDAGOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM OF USING CASE TECHNOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES AMONG STUDENTS OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 266-268
Author(s):  
Д.Т. Адырбеков ◽  
А.Т. Акчин ◽  
А.К. Кыдырбаева ◽  
Ж.Н. Бисенбаева ◽  
Л.Б. Абдулина
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Special Method ◽  
Pedagogical Analysis ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Production Problems

В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы использования кейс-технологии в развитии профессиональных компетенции. Рассматриваются труды по проблемам разработки и реализации технологий обучения, ориентированных на профессиональную подготовку студентов. Данная технология обучения основана на разрешении производственных проблем, лежащих в реально существующих ситуациях учебной деятельности. Кроме этого указано, что кейс-технология это специальный метод обучения, заключающийся в обсуждении и выработке решений по определенному разделу учебного курса, использовании конкретных случаев для анализа, и выполнения определенных задач. Изучены особенности реализации кейс-технологии в образовательном процессе медицинского вуза для формирования и развития профессиональных компетенций у студентов-медиков. This article discusses the use of case technology in the development of professional competencies. Works on the problems of development and implementation of training technologies focused on professional training of students are considered. This training technology is based on solving production problems that lie in real-life situations of educational activity. In addition, it is indicated that case technology is a special method of training, which consists in discussing and developing solutions for a certain section of the training course, using specific cases for analysis, and performing certain tasks. The features of the implementation of case technology in the educational process of a medical university for the formation and development of professional competencies of medical students are studied.

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