Analysis of therapeutic effects of the Japanese herbal medicine ninjinyoeito on oxidative stress-induced cardiotoxicity with in vitro experimental system

Damaged dental pulp undergoes oxidative stress and 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) is a well-known antioxidant. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of a 4HR ointment on damaged dental pulp. Pulp cells from rat mandibular incisor were cultured and treated with 4HR or resveratrol (1–100 μM). These treatments (10–100 μM) exerted a protective effect during subsequent hydrogen peroxide treatments. The total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly increased following 4HR or resveratrol treatment (p < 0.05), while the expression levels of TNF-α and IL1β were decreased following the exposure to 4HR pre-treatment in an in vitro model. Additionally, the application of 4HR ointment in an exposed dental pulp model significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL1β (p < 0.05). Conclusively, 4HR exerted protective effects against oxidative stress in dental pulp tissues through downregulating TNF-α and IL1β.

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Rapamycin Inhibits ALDH Activity, Resistance to Oxidative Stress, and Metastatic Potential in Murine Osteosarcoma Cells

Sarcoma ◽

10.1155/2013/480713 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Xiaodong Mu ◽

Christian Isaac ◽

Trevor Schott ◽

Johnny Huard ◽

Kurt Weiss

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Experimental System ◽

Metastatic Potential ◽

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽

Stem Cell Marker ◽

Migration And Invasion ◽

Aldh Activity ◽

Primary Malignancy ◽

Rapamycin Treatment

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of bone. Mortality is determined by the presence of metastatic disease, but little is known regarding the biochemical events that drive metastases. Two murine OS cell lines, K7M2 and K12, are related but differ significantly in their metastatic potentials: K7M2 is highly metastatic whereas K12 displays much less metastatic potential. Using this experimental system, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been implicated in OS metastasis. We also discovered that aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH, a stem cell marker) activity is higher in K7M2 cells than K12 cells. Rapamycin treatment reduces the expression and enzymatic activity of ALDH in K7M2 cells. ALDH inhibition renders these cells more susceptible to apoptotic death when exposed to oxidative stress. Furthermore, rapamycin treatment reduces bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression and inhibits K7M2 proliferation, migration, and invasionin vitro. Inhibition of ALDH with disulfiram correlated with decreased mTOR expression and activity. In conclusion, we provide evidence for interaction between mTOR activity, ALDH activity, and metastatic potential in murine OS cells. Our work suggests that mTOR and ALDH are therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of OS metastasis.

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Ergosterol attenuates cigarette smoke extract-induced COPD by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20190331 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (13) ◽

pp. 1523-1536 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xiao Sun ◽

Xiuli Feng ◽

Dandan Zheng ◽

Ang Li ◽

Chunyan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Cigarette Smoke Extract ◽

Cordyceps Sinensis ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Related Proteins ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Cigarette smoke (CS) is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). CS heightens inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Ergosterol is the main bioactive ingredient in Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis), a traditional medicinal herb for various diseases. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of ergosterol on anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress as well as anti-apoptosis in a cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced COPD model both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrate that CSE induced inflammatory and oxidative stress and apoptosis with the involvement of the Bcl-2 family proteins via the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/p65 pathway in both 16HBE cells and Balb/c mice. CSE induced epithelial cell death and increased the expression of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MAD) and the apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase 3/7/9 and cleaved-poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) both in vitro and in vivo, whereas decreased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Treatment of 16HBE cells and Balb/c mice with ergosterol inhibited CSE-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress and apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB/p65. Ergosterol suppressed apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the usage of QNZ (an inhibitor of NF-κB) also partly demonstrated that NF-κB/p65 pathway was involved in the ergosterol protective progress. These results show that ergosterol suppressed COPD inflammatory and oxidative stress and apoptosis through the NF-κB/p65 pathway, suggesting that ergosterol may be partially responsible for the therapeutic effects of cultured C. sinensis on COPD patients.

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In vitro Antioxidant Activities of Natural Polysaccharides: An overview

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v8n6p78 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Boris V. Nemzer ◽

Diganta Kalita ◽

Alexander Ya Yashin ◽

Nikolay E. Nifantiev ◽

Yakov I. Yashin

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Critical Role ◽

Free Radical Scavengers ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Radical Scavengers ◽

Glycosidic Bonds ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Living Organisms

Polysaccharides are naturally occurring biomacromolecules composed of carbohydrate molecules linked by glycosidic bonds. A number of polysaccharides are known to possess beneficial therapeutic effects against inflammation, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Indeed, polysaccharides are reportedly effective free radical scavengers and antioxidants, thereby playing a critical role in the prevention of damage to living organisms under oxidative stress. In this review we provide an overview of the sources, extraction, and antioxidant activities of some natural polysaccharides.

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Therapeutic Effects of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D on the Pathological Process of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An In Vitro Evidence

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2021/4029470 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Yanbo Chen ◽

Hui Xu ◽

Chong Liu ◽

Meng Gu ◽

Qi Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Prostate Cell ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

The pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is extremely complicated which involving the multiple signaling pathways. The deficiency of vitamin D is an important risk factor for BPH, and exogenous vitamin D is effective for the treatment of BPH. In this study, we provided in vitro mechanical evidence of vitamin D as a treatment for BPH using BPH-1, WPMY-1, and PBMC cells. We found that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) level is decreased in BPH and closely correlated with age, prostate volume, maximum flow, international prostate symptom score, and prostate-specific antigen of the BPH patients. We further revealed that 25-OH D ameliorated TGF-β1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BPH-1 cells and proliferation of WPMY-1 cells via blocking TGF-β signaling. Moreover, 25-OH D was able to block NF-κB signaling in PBMCs of BPH patients and STAT3 signaling in BPH cells to relieve inflammation. 25-OH D also protects BPH cells from inflammatory cytokines selected by PBMCs. Finally, we uncovered that 25-OH D alleviated prostate cell oxidative stress by triggering Nrf2 signaling. In conclusion, our data verified that 25-OH D regulated multiple singling pathways to restrain prostate cell EMT, proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Our study provides in vitro mechanical evidence to support clinical use of vitamin D as a treatment for BPH.

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CoQ10 Enhances the Efficacy of Airway Basal Stem Cell Transplantation on Bleomycin-induced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-721105/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huanbin Liu ◽

Yidi Zhang ◽

Jinjun Jiang ◽

Yulong Luo ◽

Jingxin Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Inflammation ◽

Intratracheal Instillation ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Induced Apoptosis ◽

Lung Regeneration

Abstract Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that airway basal stem cells (BCs) transplantation can ameliorate bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) through lung regeneration promotion. However, BCs under oxidative stress in the alveolar microenvironment are poor in survival, causing unsatisfied efficacy of BCs transplantation. In this study, we investigated whether Coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) counteracts oxidative stress in the alveolar microenvironment, thus improved the efficacy of BCs transplantation for IPF treatment.Methods: The protective effects of CoQ10 on H2O2-induced BCs apoptosis and cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were tested by flow cytometry in vitro. The therapeutic effects of BCs combined with CoQ10 were compared to a single BCs transplantation protocol in IPF treatment after two weeks and were evaluated by parameters including changes of body weight and survival rate, as well as various levels of pulmonary inflammation, α-SMA expression and hydroxyproline (HYP) in IPF mice lung tissues.Results: CoQ 10 preincubation with BCs (10 mM, 24 h) significantly reduced the late apoptosis of BCs and the number of oxidative stressful BCs as a result of H2O2 stimulation (1mM, 6h) in vitro. IPF mice models were constructed through bleomycin (5 mg/Kg) intratracheal instillation. Bleomycin-induced IPF mice showed weight loss continuously and mortality increased progressively during modeling. Serious pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen fiber proliferation, and collagen protein deposition were observed in lung tissues of IPF mice. Though BCs transplantation alone improved indicators above in bleomycin-induced IPF mice to some extent, the combination with CoQ10 improved the transplantation efficacy and obtained better therapeutic effects.Conclusion：CoQ10 blocked H2O2-induced apoptosis of BCs and ROS production in vitro, and enhanced the efficacy of BCs transplantation on bleomycin-induced IPF in mice.

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Therapeutic Effects of Saireito (Chai-Ling-Tang), a Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicine, on Lymphedema Caused by Radiotherapy: A Case Series Study

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/241629 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Aiko Nagai ◽

Yuta Shibamoto ◽

Keiko Ogawa

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Numerical Rating Scale ◽

Case Series ◽

Tumor Control ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Case Series Study ◽

Custom Made ◽

Japanese Herbal Medicine ◽

Series Study

Despite the development of radiotherapy machines and technologies, a proportion of patients suffer from radiation-induced lymphedema. Saireito (SRT) is a traditional Japanese herbal medicine that has been used for treating edema and inflammation in conditions such as nephritic disease. This study investigated the effect of SRT on lymphedema caused by radiotherapy. Four patients were treated with SRT at a dose of 9 g/day. The severity of lymphedema was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4 and Numerical Rating Scale before and after SRT treatment. After the treatment with SRT, 2 of 4 patients (50%) showed apparent improvement in lymphedema. One of the cases had difficulty in wearing the custom-made thermoplastic cast, but after SRT administration, he could wear the mask easily. One case decided to stop taking SRT 3 days after initiation because cough and fever appeared. In conclusion, it is important to control the side effects of radiotherapy, which leads to improved tumor control rates. Prospective randomized studies are necessary to confirm the findings of this case series study.

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Olive Polyphenols: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10071044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1044

Author(s):

Monica Bucciantini ◽

Manuela Leri ◽

Pamela Nardiello ◽

Fiorella Casamenti ◽

Massimo Stefani

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Molecular Signaling ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Oxidative stress and inflammation triggered by increased oxidative stress are the cause of many chronic diseases. The lack of anti-inflammatory drugs without side-effects has stimulated the search for new active substances. Plant-derived compounds provide new potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecules. Natural products are structurally optimized by evolution to serve particular biological functions, including the regulation of endogenous defense mechanisms and interaction with other organisms. This property explains their relevance for infectious diseases and cancer. Recently, among the various natural substances, polyphenols from extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), an important element of the Mediterranean diet, have aroused growing interest. Extensive studies have shown the potent therapeutic effects of these bioactive molecules against a series of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. This review begins from the chemical structure, abundance and bioavailability of the main EVOO polyphenols to highlight the effects and the possible molecular mechanism(s) of action of these compounds against inflammation and oxidation, in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the mechanisms of inhibition of molecular signaling pathways activated by oxidative stress by EVOO polyphenols are discussed, together with their possible roles in inflammation-mediated chronic disorders, also taking into account meta-analysis of population studies and clinical trials.

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Role of SIRT1 in Hepatic Encephalopathy: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies Focusing on the NLRP3 Inflammasome

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2021/5522708 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

Fangzhou Jiao ◽

Yao Wang ◽

Qian Chen ◽

Pan Cao ◽

Chunxia Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽

Microglial Activation ◽

Male Rats ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Ht22 Cells ◽

Brain Oxidative Stress

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder resulting from acute or chronic liver failure. This study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of SIRT1 in thioacetamide- (TAA-) induced rat HE models. A selective activator (CAY10602) and inhibitor (EX527) of SIRT1 were used in this study. All male rats were separated into control, TAA, CAY10602+TAA, and EX527+TAA groups. Histological damage, liver function, serum ammonia, behavioral changes, and brain oxidative stress were measured in each group. Western blotting was used to measure SIRT1, NLRP3, ASC, and IL-1β protein expression. The results showed that CAY10602 alleviated liver injury, improved neurological decline, reduced microglial activation and brain oxidative stress, and improved the survival rates of HE rats. Moreover, CAY10602 inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia of the brain cortex in HE rats. Next, cell experiments confirmed that CAY10602 inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in BV2 microglial cells. However, inhibition of SIRT1 by EX527 or lentivirus could enhance activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in this process. Finally, CAY10602 reduced the neurotoxicity induced by high levels of ammonia in HT22 cells. Taken together, CAY10602 alleviates TAA-induced HE by suppressing microglial activation and the NLRP3 inflammasome and reducing the neurotoxicity of NH4Cl in HT22 cells. A pharmacologic activator of SIRT1 may be a promising approach for the treatment of HE.

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