Morphological and Quantitative Characteristics of the Skin of Holstein Cattle in the Amur Region

The skin of mammals has a high reactivity to the conditions of the external and internal environment. There is no information about the features of the structure of the skin of Holstein cattle in the context of its adaptation to the sharply continental with the symptoms of monsoon climate in the available literature. The purpose of the study was to determine the structural features of the skin of the sternal and costal regions of cattle of the Holstein breed in the Amur region. For the study, the skin of clinically healthy mature Holstein cows was taken. Time of research - autumn. The skin was fixed in a 10% aqueous solution of neutral formalin. Paraffin sections with a thickness of 5-7 μm were prepared. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, collagen fibers were detected by the Van Gison method, elastic fibers by Weygert. A distinctive feature of the papillary layer of the dermis was a well-developed system of venous sinuses that anastomosed with each other. The abundance of mononuclear cells in the lumen of the sinuses indicated the important role of the skin as an organ of the immune system that provides adaptation and protection of animals in a sharply continental climate.

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Pathology of Fowl Typhoid and Molecular Detection of its Pathogen

Annals of Bangladesh Agriculture ◽

10.3329/aba.v23i2.50057 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 49-60

Author(s):

J Hosen ◽

MM Rahman ◽

J Alam ◽

ZC Das ◽

MAHNA Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Central Vein ◽

White Pulp ◽

Cell Hyperplasia ◽

Salmonella Gallinarum ◽

Fowl Typhoid ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Neutral Formalin ◽

Human And Animal Diseases

Salmonellae are important group of pathogens responsible for human and animal diseases. The present study was undertaken with the aim to study pathology of fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella entarica subsp. enteric serovar Gallinarum and to identify Salmonella serovars by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based molecular method isolated from commercial layer, broiler and sonali chickens of Gazipur district, Bangladesh. A total of 150 cloacal, intestinal and liver swab samples were collected in sterie nutrient and tetrathionate broth from apparently healthy, sick and dead chicken the necropsy. Organ samples were collected in 10% buffered neutral formalin. The collected tissues were fixed, processed, sectioned, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and examined at low and high power microscopic fields. Grossly, the liver appeared larger and hemorrhagic with focal necrosis. Catarrhal inflammation on intestinal mucosa was seen. The ova were deformed, discolored and cystic. Microscopically, focal necroses with the infiltration of mononuclear cells were seen with congestion of the central vein. Spleen showed severe depletion of lymphoid cells in white pulp along with reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia. The section of ovary showed deformed ova with hemorrhages. Samples were subjected to various cultural, biochemical, and molecular examinations and the prevalence was identified 28% cases. Isolated bacteria appeared gram (-)ve, and arranged in short chain. PCR was performed targeting invA gene of Salmonella Gallinarum and amplified 184-bp fragment of the isolates confirmed specific infectivity. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 49-60

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Structural features of face and neck skin in intraoperative cylinder tension

Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine ◽

10.1142/s2575900019500125 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 02 (04) ◽

pp. 165-169

Author(s):

M. M. Madazimov ◽

M. G. Teshaboev ◽

Z. Q. Raximov

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membranes ◽

Basal Layer ◽

Structural Features ◽

Balloon Cell ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

The Face ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Skin Surgery ◽

Neutral Formalin ◽

Significant Attention

Objective: Recently, significant attention has been paid to the aesthetics of the skin, which has led to the emergence and development, in addition to traditional medical cosmetology, of areas such as aesthetic and plastic skin surgery, surgical cosmetology, and others. Methods: For light microscopy, samples from various sections of the skin of the face and neck (total 57 samples) subjected to stretching, obtained during surgery, were fixed in a 10–12% solution of neutral formalin. After appropriate treatment, the samples were poured into paraffin and 5–7-[Formula: see text]m-thick sections were prepared. The general morphology was studied of the sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: In the spiky layer, the integrity of keratinocyte rows is ensured by numerous desmosomes located at the contacting ends of the processes of neighboring cells. Balloon cell stretching does not lead to disruption of contacts in the forms of interdigitations of the plasma membranes of neighboring cells of the basal layer and ruptures of desmosomes at the ends of processes of neighboring cells of the prickly layer. Conclusion: Intraoperative stretching of the skin does not cause a violation of its general architectonics. In all the studied sections in the epidermis, integrity violations in the form of tears, cracks, etc. are not determined. It was noted with a decrease in the number of rows of cells of the prickly layer. However, no phenomena of acantholysis and cytolysis were noted.

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The Role of Archpriest Eugene Popov in Enhancing of the Anglican-Orthodox Dialog

Theological Herald ◽

10.31802/gb.2020.38.3.003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 71-84

Author(s):

Ярослав Очканов

Keyword(s):

State Level ◽

Structural Features ◽

Russian Orthodox ◽

Church Community ◽

Anglican Church ◽

Current State ◽

The Church

Статья посвящена исследованию малоизученной стороны деятельности видного русского священнослужителя протоиерея Евгения Попова, бывшего с 1842 по 1875 гг. настоятелем русской посольской церкви в Лондоне. Его служение на Английской земле совпало с углублением диалога между Русской Православной и Англиканской церквами, явившегося следствием религиозных преобразований в Англии в 1830 - 1840-е гг. Отец Евгений в рассматриваемый период фактически стал связующим звеном между русским церковноначалием и англиканами - инициаторами единения двух Церквей. Он проделал огромную работу по популяризации православия в Англии и много сделал для ознакомления русской церковной общественности с вероучением и структурными особенностями англиканства. Материалом для исследования послужили, прежде всего, письма протоиерея Евгения Попова обер-прокурорам Святейшего Синода Н. А. Протасову и А. П. Толстому. Эти документы являются своеобразными отчётами о современном состоянии Англиканской Церкви, о религиозных течениях в ней и усилиях, предпринимаемых определёнными церковными кругами в Англии по сближению с православием. Результаты его деятельности имели важное значение в последующие десятилетия, когда англикано-православный диалог вышел на церковно-государственный уровень. The article is devoted to the insufficiently studied aspects of Russian prominent cleric Archpriest Eugene Popov, rector of Russian Embassy Church in London from 1842 to 1875. His Ministry on the English soil coincided with the deepening of the dialogue between the Russian Orthodox and Anglican Churches, which was the result of religious transformations in England in the 1830s and 1840s. Father Eugene in the period under consideration actually became a connecting link between the Russian Church authorities and the anglicans-initiators of the union of the two Churches. He had done a great job by popularizing Orthodoxy in England and by familiarizing the Russian Church community with the doctrine and structural features of Anglicanism. The study, first of all, is based the letters of Archpriest Yevgeny Popov to the chief prosecutors of the Holy Synod N. A. Protasov and A. P. Tolstoy, which were original reports on the current state of the Anglican Church, it’s religious trends, and the efforts made by certain Church circles in England to get closer to Orthodoxy. The fruits of his activities were important in the following decades, when the Anglican-Orthodox dialogue reached the Church-state level.

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THE USE OF THE TRANSLATION METHOD IN MASTERING THE TERMS

10.36078/987654366 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 87-95

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

English Language ◽

Structural Features ◽

Point Of View ◽

General Classification ◽

Optimal Methods ◽

Foreign Companies ◽

The Social ◽

Problems Of Translation

The article is devoted to the role of Tourism terminology in linguistics and the issue of general classification, peculiarities in the expression and translation of terms related to tourism in English into Uzbek and Russian, as well as the choice of the most optimal methods for translating terms in accordance with the requirements of this professional sphere. The terminology of the English language tourism is distinguished by its brightness, versatility. Tourism terms are formed under the influence of a generalized lexical layer of language and perform a specific functional function.Tourism terms are formed through the affixation method (prefixation, suffixation, circumphixation) and get rich through the process.The terminology of English Tourism is distinguished by its content and structural features, forming a part of the language vocabulary from the linguistic point of view. Texts in the field of Tourism take into their composition concepts of Tourism and interpret them in their content. They will be mainly in the form of advertising, as well as enlighten information about a particular region or place, create informational precedents and ensure their manifestation in the social cultural presence. The relevance of the study of the problems of translation of terms in the field of tourism has been investigated, mainly due to the development of international relations, expansion of cooperation between local and foreign companies, as well as the increase in this area of communication.

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Deconvolution of monocyte responses in inflammatory bowel disease reveals an IL-1 cytokine network that regulates IL-23 in genetic and acquired IL-10 resistance

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321731 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. gutjnl-2020-321731

Author(s):

Dominik Aschenbrenner ◽

Maria Quaranta ◽

Soumya Banerjee ◽

Nicholas Ilott ◽

Joanneke Jansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Personalised Medicine ◽

Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽

Cytokine Network ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Transcriptional Signature ◽

Inflammatory Monocytes ◽

Transcriptomic Signature ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

ObjectiveDysregulated immune responses are the cause of IBDs. Studies in mice and humans suggest a central role of interleukin (IL)-23-producing mononuclear phagocytes in disease pathogenesis. Mechanistic insights into the regulation of IL-23 are prerequisite for selective IL-23 targeting therapies as part of personalised medicine.DesignWe performed transcriptomic analysis to investigate IL-23 expression in human mononuclear phagocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We investigated the regulation of IL-23 expression and used single-cell RNA sequencing to derive a transcriptomic signature of hyperinflammatory monocytes. Using gene network correlation analysis, we deconvolved this signature into components associated with homeostasis and inflammation in patient biopsy samples.ResultsWe characterised monocyte subsets of healthy individuals and patients with IBD that express IL-23. We identified autosensing and paracrine sensing of IL-1α/IL-1β and IL-10 as key cytokines that control IL-23-producing monocytes. Whereas Mendelian genetic defects in IL-10 receptor signalling induced IL-23 secretion after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, whole bacteria exposure induced IL-23 production in controls via acquired IL-10 signalling resistance. We found a transcriptional signature of IL-23-producing inflammatory monocytes that predicted both disease and resistance to antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy and differentiated that from an IL-23-associated lymphocyte differentiation signature that was present in homeostasis and in disease.ConclusionOur work identifies IL-10 and IL-1 as critical regulators of monocyte IL-23 production. We differentiate homeostatic IL-23 production from hyperinflammation-associated IL-23 production in patients with severe ulcerating active Crohn’s disease and anti-TNF treatment non-responsiveness. Altogether, we identify subgroups of patients with IBD that might benefit from IL-23p19 and/or IL-1α/IL-1β-targeting therapies upstream of IL-23.

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Spontaneous Abortion and Chikungunya Infection: Pathological Findings

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13040554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 554

Author(s):

Natália Salomão ◽

Michelle Brendolin ◽

Kíssila Rabelo ◽

Mayumi Wakimoto ◽

Ana Maria de Filippis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Spontaneous Abortion ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chorionic Villi ◽

Decidual Cells ◽

Hofbauer Cells ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Maternal Fetal Transmission

Intrauterine transmission of the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) during early pregnancy has rarely been reported, although vertical transmission has been observed in newborns. Here, we report four cases of spontaneous abortion in women who became infected with CHIKV between the 11th and 17th weeks of pregnancy. Laboratorial confirmation of the infection was conducted by RT-PCR on a urine sample for one case, and the other three were by detection of IgM anti-CHIKV antibodies. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and an electron microscopy assay allowed us to find histopathological, such as inflammatory infiltrate in the decidua and chorionic villi, as well as areas of calcification, edema and the deposition of fibrinoid material, and ultrastructural changes, such as mitochondria with fewer cristae and ruptured membranes, endoplasmic reticulum with dilated cisterns, dispersed chromatin in the nuclei and the presence of an apoptotic body in case 1. In addition, by immunohistochemistry (IHC), we found a positivity for the anti-CHIKV antibody in cells of the endometrial glands, decidual cells, syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts, Hofbauer cells and decidual macrophages. Electron microscopy also helped in identifying virus-like particles in the aborted material with a diameter of 40–50 nm, which was consistent with the size of CHIKV particles in the literature. Our findings in this study suggest early maternal fetal transmission, adding more evidence on the role of CHIKV in fetal death.

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Are All Lockdown Teams Created Equally? Work Characteristics and Team Perceived Virtuality

Small Group Research ◽

10.1177/1046496421997897 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104649642199789

Author(s):

Patrícia L. Costa ◽

Lisa Handke ◽

Thomas A. O’Neill

Keyword(s):

Virtual Teams ◽

Organizational Support ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Structural Features ◽

Pivotal Role ◽

Work Characteristics ◽

Team Members ◽

Latent Profile

Team virtuality has been mostly conceptualized as structural features, such as the percentage of time team members communicate via technology. However, the perception of distance and of information deficits (team perceived virtuality, TPV) may be an indispensable construct to understand virtual teams’ functioning. The lockdowns imposed on most countries due to COVID-19 created virtual teams with high degrees of structural virtuality. With structural virtuality held constant among teams, we explore configurations of work characteristics (autonomy, interdependence, and organizational support) that influence TPV. With a sample of 296 multinational workers, a Latent Profile Analysis identified four distinct profiles of those work characteristics. Those profiles related differently to TPV. Contrary to previous findings, interdependence seems to play an important role in these teams high in structural virtuality when their autonomy is also high, highlighting the pivotal role of frequent interaction among team members, under conditions of high structural virtuality.

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A first-principles study of the atomic layer deposition of ZnO on carboxyl functionalized carbon nanotubes: the role of water molecules

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/d0cp05283c ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 3467-3478

Author(s):

J. I. Paez-Ornelas ◽

H. N. Fernández-Escamilla ◽

H. A. Borbón-Nuñez ◽

H. Tiznado ◽

Noboru Takeuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Principles ◽

Ligand Exchange ◽

Functional Group ◽

Atomic Layer ◽

High Reactivity ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Exchange Reactions ◽

Layer Deposition ◽

The Right

Atomic description of ALD in systems that combine large surface area and high reactivity is key for selecting the right functional group to enhance the ligand-exchange reactions.

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The Role of Microscopy in Preclinical Safety Assessment

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s143192760003748x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (S2) ◽

pp. 998-999

Author(s):

Barbara J. Dovey-Hartman

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Vital Role ◽

Pathology Report ◽

Clinical Phase ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

New Chemical Entities ◽

Regulatory Submissions ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Preclinical Safety

Microscopy plays a vital role in assessing the safety of New Chemical Entities (NCE) in the pre-clinical phase of drug development. Light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used at the Schering-Plough Research Institute (SPRI) for evaluation of NCE. To support regulatory submissions, NCE are routinely tested in rodents in short-term studies such as one-month toxicity studies, and in longterm studies such as oncogenicity studies that may last 24 months. At the completion of a study, the animals are necropsied and the required tissues collected and stored in fixative. The tissues for LM are processed to slides and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). The information derived from the examination of these tissues by LM becomes an essential part of the pathology report. The LM examination of these tissues usually yields the information needed to either progress a NCE or otherwise deter or halt development.

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Lipopolysaccharides prime whole human blood and isolated neutrophils for the increased synthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products by enhancing arachidonic acid availability: involvement of the CD14 antigen.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.178.4.1347 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 178 (4) ◽

pp. 1347-1355 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

M E Surette ◽

R Palmantier ◽

J Gosselin ◽

P Borgeat

Keyword(s):

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Leukotriene B4 ◽

Eicosatetraenoic Acid ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Factor Alpha ◽

Priming Activity

Stimulation of heparinized blood with 1 microM formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) resulted in the formation of < 30 pmol/ml plasma of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) products. The preincubation of blood with 1 microgram/ml of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Escherichia coli 0111-B4) for 30 min before stimulation with FMLP resulted in the accumulation of 250-300 pmol of 5-LO products per ml plasma. The major products detected were leukotriene B4 and (5S)-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid which were produced in equivalent amounts. The priming activity was detectable with as little as 1-10 ng LPS per ml blood and was optimal using 1-10 micrograms LPS/ml blood. The priming for 5-LO product synthesis was optimal after 20-30 min of preincubation with LPS and declined at preincubation times > 30 min. The priming effect of LPS was also observed using the complement fragment C5a or interleukin 8 as agonists. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells accounted for 80 and 20% of the synthesis of 5-LO products, respectively. The ability of LPS to prime isolated PMN was dependent on the presence of plasma and was inhibited by the anti-CD14 antibody IOM2, indicating a CD14-dependent priming mechanism. The priming of whole blood with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and LPS was additive and the presence of mononuclear cells did not enhance the ability of LPS to prime PMN, indicating that the priming activity of LPS is independent of LPS-induced TNF-alpha synthesis. The mechanism by which LPS enhance 5-LO product synthesis in PMN was investigated. Treatment of PMN with LPS strongly enhanced the release of arachidonic acid after stimulation with FMLP. The release of arachidonic acid was optimal 2-3 min after stimulation with FMLP, attaining levels 5-15-fold greater than those observed in unprimed cells stimulated with FMLP. These results demonstrate that LPS dramatically increases the ability of blood to generate 5-LO products, and support the putative role of leukotrienes in pathological states involving LPS.

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