scholarly journals Meaning making from life to language:The Semiotic Hierarchy and phenomenology

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Zlatev
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Sign Function ◽  
The World ◽  
Intimate Relation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Function Language ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phenomenological Principle

Abstract The paper rethinks a proposal for a unified cognitive semiotic framework, The Semiotic Hierarchy, in explicitly phenomenological terms, following above all the work of Merleau-Ponty. The main changes to the earlier formulation of the theory are the following. First, the claim that a general concept of meaning can be understood as the value-based relationship between the subject and the world is shown to correspond to the most fundamental concept of phenomenology: intentionality, understood as “openness to the world.” Second, the rather strict nature of the original hierarchy of meaning levels made the model rather static and one-directional, thus resembling an old-fashioned scala naturae. Reformulating the relationship between the levels in terms of the dynamical notion of Fundierung avoids this pitfall. Third, the phenomenological analysis allows, somewhat paradoxically, both a greater number of levels (life, subjectivity, intersubjectivity, sign function, language) and less discrete borders between these. Fourth, there is an intimate relation between (levels and kinds of) intentionality and normativity, making the normativity of language a special case. Fifth, to each level of meaning corresponds a dialectics of spontaneity and sedimentation, with corresponding normative structures (e.g., habits, emotions, conventions, signs and grammar) both emerging from and constraining, but not determining, subject-world interactions. Sixth and finally, the analysis follows the basic phenomenological principle to examine the phenomena without theoretical preconceptions, and without premature explanations. This implies a focus on human experience, even when dealing with the “biological” level of meaning, with the possibility of extending the analysis to non-human subjects through empathy. The intention is that this phenomenologically interpreted version of the Semiotic Hierarchy may serve as a useful tool against any kind of meaning reductionism, whether biological, mental, social or linguistic.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Preyer
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The study of meaning in language embraces a diverse range of problems and methods. Philosophers think through the relationship between language and the world; linguists document speakers’ knowledge of meaning; psychologists investigate the mechanisms of understanding and production. Up through the early 2000s, these investigations were generally compartmentalized: indeed, researchers often regarded both the subject matter and the methods of other disciplines with skepticism. Since then, however, there has been a sea change in the field, enabling researchers increasingly to synthesize the perspectives of philosophy, linguistics, and psychology and to energize all the fields with rich new intellectual perspectives that facilitate meaningful interchange. One illustration of the trend is the publication of Lepore and Stone’s ...

scholarly journals Humanity and Humanitarianism: An Ambiguous Connection

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
E. V. Zolotukhina-Abolina
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the relationship between the concepts of humanitarianism and humanity, which the author dissociates from each other, also separating them from the concept of humanism. The author believes that these concepts are often confused, they form a “semantic cloud,” intuitively comprehended as integrity and referring us to the image of man as the center of the world and the subject matter of discussion in ethics, aesthetics, psychology as well as philosophy and other “free arts.” However, these concepts need to be distinguished. Humanism represents a conceptual theoretical setting for considering a person as a free, independent and active being, while, in the author’s opinion, humanitarianism is a literary (philosophical and artistic) form of statements about a person. At the same time, humanity is meant as a characteristic of behavior and attitudes that motivate this behavior, such as the motives of kindness, philanthropy, benevolence. The article reveals the main features of humanitarianism and also shows that humanitarian texts are not always texts originating from attitudes of humanity and pursuing humanity. Literary reflection on the subject of a man does not necessarily need kindness and benevolence. The article provides examples of both the coincidence of humanitarianism and humanity and their divergence. The author draws attention to the existence of humanitarian but not humane texts, some of which cannot be attributed as philanthropic and other ones – as optimistic. The author considers it necessary not to confuse closely related concepts, denoting different aspects of human life and culture.

Global Doctrine and Local Knowledge: Law in South East Asia

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Harding
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Human Society ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
South East Asian Region ◽  
East Asian Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Short Space ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the global and the local is one of critical importance to all regions of the world. In the resolution of the tension between the irresistible surge of globalisation and the undeniable facts of society as it actually exists in the various localities which together comprise the very world which is presumably the object or the subject-matter of globalisation, law lies at the forefront. It is, one might say, the very intellectual battlefield which we have selected for the resolution of the major problem facing human society at the turn of the century. The purpose of this article is therefore to investigate, in a somewhat narrative fashion the relationship between the global and the local in the context of law in South East Asia. The topic is clearly too large to be dealt with in a short space with the rigour and articulation it really deserves, but it is hoped that the approach adopted will provide some kind of a frame of reference for regarding, studying, and hopefully improving, the law in the South East Asian region; and will perhaps focus a pencil of light on the problems of the global and the local in this particular regional context.

Developing the Recycle Economy - A Strategic Choice of Sustainable Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3361-3364
Author(s):  
Jia Yi Huang ◽  
Yi Hui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
The World ◽  
Recycle Economy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Manufacturing Methods ◽  
The Relationship

As we enter the 21st Century, various countries in the world are faced with many challenges, such as overpopulation, shortage of resources and environmental deterioration. Developing recycle economy is one of the important ways to realize sustainable development. The purpose of recycle economy is to insure circulation utilization of resources and positive conversion of ecosystem on the premise of keeping economic development. Its mechanism should be "Government instructs, Enterprise acts, Society participates, Markets operate". Enterprise is the subject of economy, so the development of recycle economy must be put into effect in enterprises. In this paper, how to advance enterprise to develop recycle economy by carrying out environmentally friendly manufacturing methods and the relationship between government and enterprise in Game Theory are discussed. The thesis also provides some suggestions for government to promote the development of recycle economy.

«Quanta» Language Consciousness and Problems in the Functioning of the Communicative Norms

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Татьяна Черкашина ◽  
Tatiana Cherkashina ◽  
Н. Новикова ◽  
N. Novikova ◽  
О. Трубина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the conceptualization of the world from the point of view of its methodological paradigm assessment in the context of the globalizing world. A retrospective analysis of the relationship between language and human speech activity is given. The authors explain the role of language as a socio-cultural phenomenon in the formation of worldview systems that develop in the consciousness with the help of minimal units of human experience in their ideal meaningful representation in special concepts, which allows the individual to think within the boundaries of a certain linguistic picture of the world. Analyzes the problems of the functioning of communicative norms with regard to the hierarchy of the spiritual representations of the world. The article attempts to consider the impact of the “blurring” of the information boundaries of the globalizing world on the cognitive abilities of the individual in the nomination, qualification of the subject, phenomenon, process.

Globalization and inequality

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibul Haque Khondker
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Review Essay ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
International Inequality ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Egalitarian Society ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

This review essay discusses works of a leading sociologist and a leading economist on the subject of inequality and globalization. The books raise fresh ideas of inequality in the context of globalization by raising questions on the relationship between globalization and inequality throughout history. Although Therborn raises some fundamental questions about inequality, problematizes the concept, and broadens the discussion by adding multiple dimensions to it, Bourguignon’s study deepens our understanding of the problem of inequality by presenting the paradox of its linkage with globalization, which in the last century reduced international inequality while it widened intranational inequality, and the two processes are interrelated. Bourguignon suggests that the growing intranational inequality that threatens economic, political, and social stability can be overcome by concerted efforts of the states. Therborn pins his hope in the rising middle class across the world and their solidarity, which could create a more egalitarian society.

scholarly journals Sign-Pragmem as a Semiotic Dominant of the Axiological Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-592
Author(s):  
Tatyana V Markelova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Pragmatic Function ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Standard Character

The study tested the semiotic approach to the system of evaluation marks allocated on the basis of pragmatic function. Traditional triad - semantics, syntactics, pragmatics - is accompanied by sigmatech as a branch of semiotics, determining the relationship between sign and object, which has not been properly studied yet. The system of evaluation of signs - function, connotation, pragmem, their functional and semantic differences are described through the prism of the semantic structure of the word influenced by the pragmatic function. Non-standard character of pragmatic mark is denotative-significative, expressing the nature convoluted judgment is focused on the subject of speech and its axiological intentions. The article demonstrates semantic, syntactic and pragmatic nature of Prameny sign evaluation with special feaches of its semiotic nature. Three types of evaluation signs - functions, connotations, pragmem -are compared and the role of pragmem in the system is defined. The leading role of pragmem in the axiological fragment of the linguistic picture of the world is determined.

scholarly journals The interaction of theater and cinematography in Uzbekistan culture in the first half of the xx century

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Amina Azizova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Image Type ◽  
Creative Life

The form, typology, essence and causes of the interaction between theater and cinema in the world is one of the priorities in the field, and a number of scientific studies have been conducted on the subject. In world experience, during the development of cinematography, it has been used the help of theatrical figures in overcoming the problems of acting, directing and dramaturgy. The study of theater and cinema as the main types of artistic worldview, in which the relationship between the two independent arts, exchanges of actors, process of interaction, individual characteristics were assessed, and it was considered as a new phenomenon. The article studies issues, causes and factors of influence of the same process in 1920–1930. The interaction of Uzbek theater and cinema, the study of creative ties, see it as a scientific problem has attracted attention in recent years. The article examines the role of Uzbek stage leaders in the development of screen art as a separate process, as well as the phenomenon of interaction between theater and cinema. The author explores a new creative life, a biography of a stage actor in cinema, opened for theater actors on the eve of the twentieth century. The art of filmmaking, which has been fighting for the actor for half a century, studies on facts that have attracted theater performers. Theatrical art has proven to be a model for cinematography in terms of decorating, makeup, music, lighting, and acting. Keywords: theater, actor, cinema, director, genre, image, type, role, phenomenon, screen art, character.

scholarly journals From self to identity: a metaphysical shift

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 16036
Author(s):  
Nikolay Rybakov ◽  
Natalya Yarmolich ◽  
Maxim Bakhtin
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
The Self ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the problem of identity realization in the modern information society. The authors analyze the concept of identity in comparison with the concept of self, reveal the features of the manifestation and deformation of identity, and explore ways to generate multiple identities. The study of the concept of identity is based on the worldview principles inherent in different epochs. An attempt is made to give a complete (holographic) picture of identity, and the question is raised about the criteria for distinguishing genuine identity from non-genuine (pseudo-identity). The relationship between the concepts of "I" and self is studied, identification is presented as a process of predication of "I". In the structure of identity, such features as constancy and variability are distinguished. On this basis, the classical and non-classical identities are distinguished and their characteristics are given. It is shown that the breakup of these components into independent parts results in the complete loss of the object's identity, which leads to its disintegration and death. It is shown that in the conditions of fluid reality, identity turns from a stabilizing factor into a situational one, which encourages the subject to constantly choose an identity. The conditions of transformation of identification into a diffuse process that loses the strict unambiguous binding of the subject to something fixed and defined are considered. Due to this, the identity of the subject is "smeared" all over the world. As a result of this process, the subject loses the need to identify itself with anything: it "collapses" into itself. As a result, there is a contradiction of identification: the multiplicity of identities gives the subject a huge choice between them, at the same time due to the diffusion of identity (its smearing around the world) the selection procedure itself loses its meaning. But if the identity is lost, there are problems with the self, so it turns out to be the end of the existence of the person himself. Therefore, in all the transformations of identities in the modern world, it is important that it is preserved.

scholarly journals El acceso al pasado en una sociedad acelerada

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 11-32
Author(s):  
Iker Samper Ayape
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
The Past ◽  
External Objects ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Sobre Todo

Tras los acontecimientos bélicos que asolaron el mundo durante el siglo XX, en concreto, a partid de 1980, aumento el interés y el acercamiento teórico sobre el pasado y la memoria. Partiendo de ello, la cuestión a tratar en el presente trabajo es: qué características tiene nuestro presente y cómo esto determina algunas formas de acceso al pasado. Para luego preguntarnos sobre la relación que se establece con los memoriales, es decir, en qué medida el contexto o condiciones del sujeto mediatizan su relación con la memoria. Dado que la reflexión acerca de la memoria puede estar condicionada por las características propias de nuestro contexto: aceleración social. El acercamiento que puede tener un sujeto perteneciente a las generaciones más alejadas de lo acontecido en el siglo XX difiere mucho de la relación que pueden tener aquellos que vivieron el suceso o las consecuencias de una forma más inmediata. Por ello, debemos preguntarnos: ¿Hemos -sobre todo las generaciones más jóvenes- volcado la memoria y el conocimiento en objetos externos a los que recurrir y de esa manera no llevar el peso y poder adaptarnos al contexto actual? Estos objetos portadores de la memoria y conocimiento, como las imágenes, internet, o los memoriales, etc. ¿Están sólo bajo una lógica del consumo inmediato?, o ¿es el tipo de uso más potenciado? ¿Qué relación establecemos con los memoriales? Monumentos creados con el fin de recordar. After the warlike events that devastated the world during the 20th century, specifically, from 1980, interest and the theoretical approach on the past and memory increased. Starting from this, the question to be dealt with in the present work is: what characteristics does our present have and how this determines some forms of access to the past. To then ask ourselves about the relationship that is established with memorials, that is, to what extent the context or conditions of the subject mediate his relationship with memory. Since the reflection on memory can be conditioned by the characteristics of our context: social acceleration. The approach that a subject belonging to the generations furthest away from what happened in the twentieth century may have differs greatly from the relationship that those who experienced the event or the consequences can have in a more immediate way. For this reason, we must ask ourselves: Have we - especially the younger generations - turned memory and knowledge into external objects to turn to and thus not carry the weight and be able to adapt to the current context? These objects that carry memory and knowledge, such as images, the internet, or memorials, etc. Are they only under a logic of immediate consumption? Or is it the most enhanced type of use? What relationship do we establish with the memorials? Monuments created in order to remember.

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