scholarly journals Evaluating Salivary Alkaline Phosphatase Levels as a Biochemical Marker of Periodontal Disease in Periodontal Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Adelegan Michael Adesakin ◽  
Dosumu B. Elizabeth ◽  
Opeodu O.I ◽  
Arowojolu O. Modupe
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Biochemical Marker ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Background and aims. Traditional methods of diagnosing periodontal diseases have their limitations, which include inability to provide information about the recent activity of the disease and difficulty in diagnosing the disease at an early stage when clinical changes have not started. This has necessitated the use of biomarkers designed to overcome these shortcomings. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted among three groups of 27 participants each to assess the level of salivary alkaline phosphatase (SALP). The groups consisted of a control group (healthy) and two test groups (gingivitis and periodontitis). Saliva samples were collected and spectrophotometric analyses were carried out. Results. The highest mean SALP level (87.78 U/L) was found in group III, followed by group II (73.56 U/L), with group I exhibiting the least (38.89 U/L). The differences in the mean SALP between groups I and II, II and III, and I and III were statistically significant. Correlation between periodontal pockets depth and mean SALP was significant in group III. Conclusion. Variations in mean SALP levels among subjects with different periodontal conditions showed that mean SALP can differentiate various degrees of periodontal conditions and therefore has the potential to be used as a biochemical marker for periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Erythropoietin and Haemoglobin Levels in Patients with Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirsad Panjeta ◽  
Ismet Tahirović ◽  
Emin Sofić ◽  
Jozo Ćorić ◽  
Amela Dervišević
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glycoprotein Hormone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Group I ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin

SummaryBackground: The production of erythrocytes is regulated by the hormone erythropoietin (EPO), which maintains the blood haemoglobin (Hb) levels constant under normal conditions. Human EPO is a glycoprotein hormone and its synthesis is controlled by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor. The aim of this study was to establish EPO and Hb levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as in control subjects, and to investigate the relationship between these parameters.Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study included 356 subjects with CKD divided into 4 subgroups according to their glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The control group consisted of 206 age and sex matched healthy subjects with GFR rate ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2. EPO, Hb and serum creatinine levels were determined by using immunochemical and spectrophotometric methods. GFR was determined using the MDRD formula.Results: The CKD patients had significantly lower levels of haemoglobin (p<0.0005) and hematocrit (p<0.0005) compared to control group. Our results showed that Hb levels decreased, whereas serum creatinine increased with the increasing renal failure. The CKD patients in all four groups had significantly lower (p<0.0005) Hb levels, and significantly higher (p<0.0005) creatinine levels compared to the control group. The median EPO in group I and II were significantly higher (p=0.002; p=0.018), while median EPO in group III and IV were significantly lower (p=0.03; p=0.011) compared to the control group.Conclusions: In patients with CKD, GFR positively correlated with Hb and EPO, while the correlation between GFR and serum creatinine was negative.

scholarly journals ROLE OF VITAMIN E (α TOCOPHEROL) TO PREVENT THE SPERMATOGONIA, SERTOLI CELL, AND LEYDIG CELL DAMAGE IN RATS TESTICLE (STRAIN WISTAR) AFTER CISPLATIN TREATMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmad Krismantoro ◽  
Fikri Rizaldi ◽  
Doddy M Soebadi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To determine the difference in spermatogonium cells, leydig cells and sertoli cells count in white rats testicle (wistar strains) obtained with the combination of cisplatin and vitamin E compared with that only received cisplatin. Material & Methods: There were 4 random groups out of a total of twenty four winstar strain rats (n=6). The control group (I) injected normal saline 0.9% intraperitoneally (i.p.) as the placebo on the 3rd week. Group (II) given cisplatin (5 mg/kgbw) injection i.p. on 3rd week, Group (III) given cisplatin injection 5 mg/kgbw i.p. on 3rd week + vitamin E 50 mg/kgbw by gavage for 7 weeks and group (IV) cisplatin injection 5mg/kgbw i.p. on 3rd week + vitamin E 200 mg/kgbw by gavage for 7 weeks. Vitamin E was given 3 weeks before up to 4 weeks after cisplatin injection (total 7 weeks). Observations by calculating the average number of spermatogonia, sertoli and leydig cells on a cross-sectional section of the seminiferous tubule with Haematoxylin-Eosin staining using a 400x light magnification microscope. Results: Cisplatin decreases spermatogonia, sertoli, and leydig cells significantly against control. Vitamin E 200 mg/kgbw significantly increased the number of spermatogonium, sertoli, and leydig cells (p<0.05) compared to group in combination with vitamin E 50 mg/kg bw and cisplatin or cisplatin only group. Only leydig cells count was significantly increased in the combination group of vitamin E 50 mg/kgbw  and cisplatin compared to the cisplatin group. Conclusion: Vitamin E 200 mg/kgbw provides a protective effect against decreased spermatogonia, sertoli and leydig cells due to cisplatin 5 mg/kgbw exposure which its protectivity depends on the given dose.

scholarly journals Interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels in blood and saliva in hypothyroidism accompanied with periodontitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1361-1366
Author(s):  
Sahar H. Al-Hindawi ◽  
Batool Hassan Al-Ghurabi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Salivary Level ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Relationship between thyroid dysfunction and periodontal disease has been mediated through an immune response. Cytokines are implicated in the initiation, consequences of immune response and a crucial role in the pathogenesis of thyroid disease, directly target thyroid follicular cells; and in the development and progression of periodontitis. This study aimed to detect cytokines levels which known to be associated with periodontitis in serum and saliva, to test the hypothesis that hypothyroidism influences the levels of biomarkers of periodontitis. Samples were collected from sixty patients with hypothyroid age ranged (20-64) years, thirty of patients were without periodontitis (group I) and 30 with periodontal disease (II); moreover, 30 subjects considered as control (group III) with age (20-53) years. Detection of cytokines was performed by ELISA. The results showed a significant elevation in serum and salivary levels of IL-1β (P<0.001) among patients’ groups (I and II) as compared to group III, as well IL-1β increase significantly in group II (P<0.001) than in group I and also than group III. There are non-significant differences (P>0.05) in serum level of IL-6 and TNF-α and salivary levels of TNF-α among all study groups. Nevertheless, the salivary level of IL-6 is increased significantly (P<0.05) in group II as compared with group I and group III, and their non-significant differences (P<0.05) between groups I and III. The present finding proposed that hypothyroidism might encourage periodontitis development; as well as serum and salivary levels of IL-1β, with salivary IL-6 may represent important biomarkers for the early detection of periodontitis in hypothyroid patients.

scholarly journals CONDITION OF FAGOCYTOSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS WITH PERIODONTITIS DUE TO MODIFIED REACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-404
Author(s):  
Oleksandr V. Avdeev ◽  
Roksana O. Drevnitska ◽  
Alina B. Boykiv ◽  
Oksana Ya. Vydoinyk
Keyword(s):  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation

Introduction: Taking into account the patho-immune mechanisms of formation of inflammatory process in periodontium, there is a necessity for in-depth study of the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases from the position of changes in the reactivity of the organism. The aim: Carrying out a comparative estimation of phagocytic activity of leukocytes of animals with inflammation in periodontium with altered reactivity. Materials and methods: Experiments were performed on 30 white rats: Group I - 10 white rats with hypoergic reaction; Group ІІ - 10 white rats with hyperergic reaction; Group III - 10 white rats with normergic reaction - control group. Slaughter and blood sampling under thiopental anesthesia was performed 7 days after the beginning of the experiment. The percentage of phagocytic leukocytes - phagocytic index, phagocytic number were determined and the index of phagocytic activity was calculated. Results: The phagocytic index (Fi,%) decreased by 2,09 times (p <0,05) at hypoergic, it increased by 1,37 times (p <0,05) at hyperergic; the index of phagocytic activity (IFA) decreased by 1.96 times at hypoergic (p <0.05); growth was 1.94 times (p <0.05) in the hyperergic group of animals. In both experimental groups, the phagocyte number (Fu) increased by 6.25% and 41.7%, with hypoergic and hyperergic, respectively. Conclusions: Different directions of changes of the phagocytic activity were observed: increase of these parameters at hyperergic and decrease at hypoergic. An increase in phagocyte number was likely to indicate some autonomy of the process of phagocytosis and independence from the reactivity of the organism.

scholarly journals Is salivary fluoride a better noninvasive indicator of progressive periodontal disease than invasive serum fluoride – A Cross Sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 3756-3759
Author(s):  
Dr. Suryakanth Malgikar ◽  
Dr. Madanika P
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Electrode Method

Periodontitis is seen as resulting from a complex interplay of bacterial infection and host response, modified by behavioral and systemic risk factors.There is high prevalence of endemic fluorosis among the patients in certain regions in India and scarcity of information on the effects of levels of fluoride in serum and saliva to the periodontal disease severity. Aim of the present study was to estimate the levels of fluoride in serum and saliva and in ground water of chronic periodontitis subjects in the endemic fluorosed area and to correlate the levels of fluoride in serum and saliva to the periodontal disease severity.140 subjects were divided into two groups. Group I (Test group) consisted of 100 dental subjects diagnosed with dental fluorosis and chronic periodontitis. Group II (Control group) consisted of 40 non-fluorosed subjects. Ion selective electrode method was used for assessingthe fluoride in serumand saliva. There was no significant correlation between salivary and serum fluoride levels and the periodontal disease severity. However the mean salivary fluoride levels were found to significantly influence the dental fluorosis severity (p<0.005*).

Effects of Smoking and Lipid Profile of the Patient on the Onset and Maintenance of Periodontal Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2648-2651
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ciavoi ◽  
Alina Tirb ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
Farah Bechir ◽  
Ilinca Suciu
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dental Plaque Index

The purpose of our study is to determine the correlation between the effects of smoking, triglycerides and cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL) and periodontal disease. 90 patients, smokers diagnosed with periodontal disease and 30 nonsmoker patients (control group), in the age of 30-60 years, were studied. Patients were divided into 4 groups, each of 30 patients as follows: group I - smokers up to 10 cigarettes a day, group II-smokers between 10-20 cigarettes a day, group III-over 20 cigarettes a day, group IV- control group, nonsmokers. The values of the Silness-Loe dental plaque index (DPI), the gingival bleeding index (GI), the Periodontal Disease Index (PDI) -Ramfjord were noted in both the examined and control groups. The values of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol showed statistically significant difference between the mean values �in the examined groups, while mean values �of HDL cholesterol in the second and third examined subgroups and control group were in higher range than the normal one. We concluded also that there is a relationship between smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked and the periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Comparison of dental caries and periodontal disease with dermatoglyphic patterns and salivary p

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
D. Aruna ◽  
T. Prasanth
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ulnar Loop ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Group Ii

Dermatoglyphic patterns are dermal ridge configurations present on the fingers, palm, toes and soles of human which are valuable in the diagnosis of many diseases associated with genetic disorders. Although the aetiology of dental caries and periodontal diseases is multi-factorial, we hypothesize that they may have genetic predisposition. We also evaluated its association with environmental factors like salivary pto assess any possible correlation. This study aims to Compare Dental caries (DC) and chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) with Dermatoglyphic patterns and salivary p. One hundred patients were divided into group I (40 DC patients), group II (40 CGP patients) and group III includes 20 healthy controls. DMFT (decayed missing filled teeth) index (&#62; 5) from group I, Russell’s periodontal index (2-5) from group II patients were taken. Finger print patterns by ink method and salivary p by p strips were recorded from all the groups and analysed with descriptive analysis. Group I showed more incidence of whorl patterns at lower salivary p than Group II and III which was statistically significant (p&#60;0.05). Group II showed more incidence of ulnar loop patterns at slightly lower p than Group I & III which was statistically significant (p&#60;0.05).The present study showed DC seen in people with more number of whorl patterns and periodontal disease with more ulnar loop patterns at lower salivary P. Larger scale studies are warranted to confirm our findings before applying dermatoglyphics to predict an individual prone to develop DC and periodontal disease in clinical practice.

The Quantitative Ultrastructure of the Heart Muscle of Japanese Quail by Hypergravitation, Hypodynamy and Combination

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
Anton Bózner ◽  
Mikuláš Gažo ◽  
Jozef Dostál
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Space Flights ◽  
Group I ◽  
Quantitative Ultrastructure

It is anticipated that Japanese quail /Coturnix coturnix japonica/ will provide animal proteins in long term space flights. Consequently this species of birds is of research interest of international space program INTERCOSMOS. In the year 1987 we reported on an experiment /2/ in which the effect of chronic acceleration of 2 G hypergravitation, the hypodynamy and the simultaneous effect of chronic acceleration and the location in the centre of the turntable of the centrifuge on the protein fractions in skeletal muscles was studied. The ultrastructure of the heart muscle was now in this experiments examined as well.Japanese quail cockerels, aged 48 days were exposed to 2 G hypergravitation /group IV/ in a 6,4 m diameter centrifuge, to hypodynamy /group III/ and their combination /group V/, respectively for 6 days / Fig.1/. The hypodynamy in group III was achieved by suspending the birds in jackets without contact the floor. The group II was located in the centre ofthe turntable of the centrifuge. The control group I. was kept under normal conditions. The quantitative ultrastructure of myocard was evaluated by the methods of Weibel/3/ - this enables to determine the number, relative size and volume of mitochondria volume of single mitochondria, defficiency of mitochondrial cristae and volume of myofibrils.

Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
D.G. German ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

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