scholarly journals Natural reduction of Ukraine’s population: Regional dimensions of the national threat

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-310
Author(s):  
Myroslav Dnistrianskyi ◽  
◽  
József Molnár ◽  
Iryna Chaika
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Natural Decrease ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

A significant decline in Ukraine’s population is mainly due to its natural decrease, which began in the 1970s and 1980s in the rural areas and had been determined by the objective trends in demographic transition, the inertia effect of the demographic losses in the past and the social policy of the political regime at that time. Likewise, the social and economic crisis of the 1990s deepened the depopulation processes. In the present research, correlation analysis demonstrated a relationship between the current dimensions of natural population decline and a number of socio-demographic factors (proportion of the rural population, mean age of the population, divorce rate and the mean age at first marriage). In recent years, the effects of the demographic crisis have been particularly acute in North-eastern and Central Ukraine, due to the deepening disproportions in the age and sex structures of the population. However, in the capital of Ukraine, Kyiv, and in some western regions, the natural decrease in population is less acute because of more balanced social and demographic indicators. Although religious and ethnic factors contribute to some extent to greater natural population growth, especially in the western and south-western regions, their impact on the processes of population reproduction in Ukraine is generally not significant. To sum up, in order to stop natural population decline in Ukraine, it is important to ensure more favourable conditions for demographic development in the economic, social, informational and cultural spheres of society. Furthermore, in areas of acute demographic crisis, it is important to raise the issue of rural reconstruction involving a variety of organisational and economic mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Role of Internal Migration in Sustaining Rural Communities in Japan: The Case of Aso City in Kumamoto

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Antonia Miserka
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
New Residents

AbstractThe shrinking of Japan’s rural areas, caused partly by continuous out-migration of younger people to the major cities, is an amply discussed topic in Japanese society and popular media. Even though a certain trend of counter-urbanisation exists despite larger depopulation patterns, many of these migrants do not stay permanently and therefore cannot contribute to sustaining rural areas in the long term. Previous studies argue that considering each community’s characteristics is important in order to find possible ways to sustain rural areas and attract new residents. Therefore, this study focuses on the case of Aso City, aiming to clarify the criteria that makes migration to Aso City appealing or unappealing, and to identify the factors responsible for enabling (or complicating) the act of permanently settling there. In order to do so, the author conducted a survey in Aso City using semi-structured interviews. While the beauty of the natural surroundings, quality of life, and social connectedness are the main positive qualities of Aso City, its infrastructure, demographic development, and economic situation are assessed more negatively by its residents. Further, this study shows that the better a person’s local social connections upon arrival, the more likely they are to find a place to live and work, and stay on a long-term basis. In order to attract new residents to rural areas and support their permanent settlement, it is important to help them obtain the resources necessary for settling and assist their transition into the social structure of the community.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC POTENTIAL OF THE SINGLE-INDUSTRY TOWNS IN THE KEMEROVO REGION AS A COMPONENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Анна Мухачёва ◽  
Anna Muhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Demographic Potential

The paper is devoted to the dynamics of the main demographic indicators of single-industry towns in the Kemerovo region: birth-rate, mortality, natural and migratory growth, life expectancy, and specialized demographic indicators. This analysis provides an idea of the demographic potential of the single-industry towns in Kuzbass, which is the basic index of life standards that defines the competitiveness of the region, the labor force balance, the basis for the development of human capital, as well as provisions for the diversification of mono-town economy within the available workforce. The analysis has made it possible to draw some conclusions about the high correlation between migration and natural population growth with economic indicators, a significant migration outflow from the region in recent years, natural population decline in most urban districts, a general decrease in mortality, and an increase in life expectancy. The rural areas display the highest birth-rate and youngest age of new mothers. The most favorable demographic situation in the Kemerovo region is in the cities of Kemerovo and Novokuznetsk, which cannot be referred to single-industry urban settlements.

BODY MASS INDEX OF MARRIED BANGLADESHI WOMEN: TRENDS AND ASSOCIATION WITH SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. HOSSAIN ◽  
P. BHARATI ◽  
SAW AIK ◽  
PETE E. LESTREL ◽  
ALMASRI ABEER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Assist Intervention ◽  
Age Range

SummaryBody mass index (BMI) is a good indicator of nutritional status in a population. In underdeveloped countries like Bangladesh, this indicator provides a method that can assist intervention to help eradicate many preventable diseases. This study aimed to report on changes in the BMI of married Bangladeshi women who were born in the past three decades and its association with socio-demographic factors. Data for 10,115 married and currently non-pregnant Bangladeshi women were extracted from the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). The age range of the sample was 15–49 years. The mean BMI was 20.85±3.66 kg/m2, and a decreasing tendency in BMI was found among birth year cohorts from 1972 to 1992. It was found that the proportion of underweight females has been increasing in those born during the last 20 years of the study period (1972 to 1992). Body mass index increased with increasing age, education level of the woman and her husband, wealth index, age at first marriage and age at first delivery, and decreased with increasing number of ever-born children. Lower BMI was especially pronounced among women who were living in rural areas, non-Muslims, employed women, women not living with their husbands (separated) or those who had delivered at home or non-Caesarean delivery.

scholarly journals Alternative scenarios of the demographic development of rural Russia: analysis and forecast

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (108) ◽  
pp. 11-32
Author(s):  
Tatiana Viktorovna-Blinova ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Gennadievna-Bylina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Size And Age Structure ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to discuss the alternative scenarios of the demographic development of rural Russia. The Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic has changed the demographic situation in Russia: mortality and natural population decline increased, while the birth rate decreased. Ba-sed on the cohort-component method, we projected the rural population size and age structure for the period 2024-2049. Six alternative scenarios were developed: three with zero migration (without taking into account the impact of migration changes on the rural population) and three with migration. Therefore, the migration outflow coefficient was included in the three forecasting scenarios. However, the inflow of some urban population to the countryside is not ruled out. The results show that the population of rural Russia will decrease from 37.3 million (2019) to 29.6–33.1 million people (2049). The age structure of the population will change, the demogra-phic aging of rural areas will continue.

ASSOCIATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS WITH DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN LESS THAN FIVE YEARS: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE INDICATOR CLUSTER SURVEY SINDH 2014

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Syed Mustansir Hussain Zaidi ◽  
Hira Fatima Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Mother Education ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Diarrhea founds to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children less than five years. Various factors are associated with diarrhea but socio-demographic factors are the main key elements, which associated with diarrhea. Methods: This study was examined association of socio-demographic factors with diarrhea in children less than five years of age of Sindh, Pakistan, using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted from January 2014 to August 2014. Data were collected for 18,108 children in whom 16,449 children had complete data of demographic variables being included in the analysis. Bivariate analysis was done using Pearson's Chi square test and multivariate analysis being done using binary logistic regression. Results: We found increased risk of diarrhea among children lives in rural areas while household wealth index quintile was also associated with diarrhea. Children in the poor, middle and fourth wealth index quintiles being at increased risk of diarrhea compared to children in the richest wealth index quintile. The highest risk of diarrhea was found for the child having mother with no education as well as children aged 12-23 months. Conclusion: Age of child, mother education and wealth index found significant with diarrhea while Male children, child aged 12-23 months, child with no mother education, child from rural areas and child from poor households found with high risk of diarrhea.

Socio-Demographic Factors and Health-Related Behaviors Associated with Gerontology

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Dr. Ravi S. Dalawai
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Indian population is in growing trend from 942.2 million in 1994 to 1.36 billion in 2019.Among this six per cent of India's population was of the age 65 and above (UNFPA, 2019). Today the work culture is totally changed. Both husband and wife are forced to work in the current scenario and unable to take care of their parents. The changing structure created increased problems for old age people leads to loneliness, psychological, physical health and financial insecurity. The study paper provides insight into the social and demographic factor and health related sickness of the oldest people. This research explained the cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n=116) of adults aged ≥60 years. The sample was chosen using a four-stage stratified random-cluster survey sampling method .The Chi Square test and ANOVA test was analyzed using SPSS20.

Success of Self Help Group – Bank Linkage Program in India under Financial Inclusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Geographical Spread ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linkage Program ◽  
Self Help Group

The ‘social banking’ policies being followed by the country resulted in widening the geographical spread and functional reach of commercial banks in rural areas in the period that followed the nationalization of banks. This paper is concluded with a view that SHG – Bank Linkage program is a success in our country India and helping many people to make their life better.

Empathy not quarantined: Association between people’s empathy to others and the COVID-19 pandemic situations based on a national survey study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibin Jiang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Bu Zhong ◽  
Xuebing Qin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
The Social

BACKGROUND The Covid-19 pandemic had turned the world upside down, but not much is known about how people’s empathy might be affected by the pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study examined 1) how empathy towards others might be influenced by the social support people obtained by using social media; and 2) how the individual demographics (e.g., age, income) may affect empathy. METHODS A national survey (N = 943) was conducted in China in February 2020, in which the participants read three real scenarios about low-income urban workers (Scenario I), small business owners in cities (Scenario II), and farmers in rural areas (Scenario III) who underwent hardship due to COVID-19. After exposure to others’ difficulties in the scenarios, the participants’ empathy and anxiety levels were measured. We also measured the social support they had by using social media. RESULTS Results show that social support not only positively impacted empathy, β = .30, P < .001 for Scenario I, β = .30, P < .001 for Scenario II, and β = .29, P < .001 for Scenario III, but also interacted with anxiety in influencing the degree to which participants could maintain empathy towards others, β = .08, P = .010 for Scenario I, and β = .07, P = .033 for scenario II. Age negatively predicted empathy for Scenario I, β = -.08, P = .018 and Scenario III, β = -.08, P = .009, but not for Scenario II, β = -.03, P = .40. Income levels – low, medium, high – positively predicted empathy for Scenario III, F (2, 940) = 8.10, P < .001, but not for Scenario I, F (2, 940) = 2.14, P = .12, or Scenario II, F (2, 940) = 2.93, P = .06. Participants living in big cities expressed greater empathy towards others for Scenario III, F (2, 940) = 4.03, P =.018, but not for Scenario I, F (2, 940) = .81, P = .45, or Scenario II, F (2, 940) = 1.46, P =.23. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to the literature by discovering the critical role empathy plays in people’s affective response to others during the pandemic. Anxiety did not decrease empathy. However, those gaining more social support on social media showed more empathy for others. Those who resided in cities with higher income levels were more empathetic during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study reveals that the social support people obtained helped maintain empathy to others, making them resilient in challenging times.

Impact of the divorce experience on the marital and family mindsets

2018 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Елена Лактюхина ◽  
Elena Laktyukhina ◽  
Георгий Антонов ◽  
Georgy Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marriage Stability ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Individual

The article presents a comparative analysis of marital and family mindsets of two categories of the demographically active population of modern Russia: (1) individuals that have no experience of a divorce and (2) those who have already experienced one or more official termination of a marriage. The empirical base of the analysis is the data of the author’s questionnaire survey conducted by representative sampling in Volgograd and Volgograd Region in 2015–2016. The analysis was made on the following basic empiric indicators: optimal (from the viewpoint of the respondents) age for the first marriage, frequency of mentioning marital and family statuses as the respondents describe their own social and demographic “portrait”, legitimate causes of a divorce and a number of others. It is found that, in the case of sufficiently strong traditional marital and family mindsets, perception of marital norms is adjusted, if an “abnormal” event (such as a divorce) occurs in the individual’s life course. At the same time, perception of the marriage stability is less variable and does not depend on the social and demographic characteristics of the respondents, including the presence/absence of a marriage termination experience. The “strongest” factor that affects the change of the marital and family mindsets is age. With age (and, consequently, experience accumulation), importance of the majority of main factors capable of preventing the individual from a divorce decreases and, therefore, the risk of such event increases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document