scholarly journals To study the influence of mercerizing variation on the absorbency and whiteness test for the cotton woven fabrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Whiteness Index ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Microstructure Morphology

The mercerization of cotton fabric is common practice in the preparation process that enhances dye uptake and facilitates uniform dyeing in addition to improving dimensional stability, strength, and luster. Changes in microstructure, morphology, and conformation of the cellulose chains also occur during mercerization. The extent of the changes that occur depends on the processing time, caustic concentration, temperature, degree of polymerization. The main objective of this research work is to analyze the whiteness index, absorbency test of the different fabric samples made of different cotton yarns. The count of these yarns was as under 32Ne, 35Ne, 40Ne, 45Ne, 50. These fabrics were treated at different temperatures of 20 30, 40, 50, 65˚C. It was found that mercerized cotton fabrics at low-temperature Mercerize is done only on the surface of the fabric but as the temperature is increased the mercerization & done on the core of the fabric. Absorbency is increased as the temperature is increased. Whiteness index is decreased as the temperature is increased.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SPANDEX DENIER OF WEFT CORE SPUN YARN ON PROPERTIES OF FINISHED STRETCH WOVEN FABRIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Sunny Pannu ◽  
Meenakshi Ahirwar ◽  
Rishi Jamdigni ◽  
B. K. Behera
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Recovery Percentage ◽  
Shape Retention ◽  
Dual Core ◽  
Made In

The woven fabrics containing cotton/spandex core spun yarns possesses very vital properties of stretch, recovery and thus shape retention from the view point of wearing comfort and garment appearance. Spandex present in the core of core spun yarn is the most essential performer behind these properties. An attempt is made in this research work to study the influence of changing spandex denier in core spun yarn on the stretch and functional properties of stretch woven fabrics. The sole objective of this study is to find out whether different stretch, shrinkage and physical properties of stretch woven fabrics depend upon changing spandex percentage achieved by means of change in spandex filament denier. It was observed that by increasing denier of spandex in core spun weft yarns the increase in weft shrinkage diminishes. Dual core weft with spandex provides good elongation percentage and recovery percentage. The fabric with higher denier spandex in yarn shows a decreasing total hand values trend for summer and winter. The results depicts that the fabrics have higher THV for winter suiting fabrics as compared to summer suiting thus are more suitable for the winter wear.

scholarly journals Frictional Behavior of Plain Woven Fabrics Constructed from Polyester and Cotton Yarns in Different Environmental Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Arshi ◽  
AliAsghar Asgharian Jeddi ◽  
AliAsghar Katbab
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Polyester Fabrics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cotton Yarns

Frictional characteristics of woven fabrics can determine smoothness and softness values of the fabric. Moreover different environmental conditions can leads to change the properties of the weaves. In this paper, we studied the effect of temperature and relative humidity variations on the frictional properties of cotton and polyester fabrics. Plain woven fabrics were produced with polyester warp yarn and two different weft yarns (cotton and polyester). Each fabric was examined in various temperatures and relative humilities; then the frictional forces measurement was carried out on the fabrics in warp over warp direction. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference between the frictional parameters. This difference relates to the type of fiber material (weft yarns), temperature, and relative humidity. In addition, the data reveal that cotton fabrics have more static and kinetic forces than polyester fabrics in all environmental conditions. Moreover, polyester fabrics exposed to a temperature of nearly 45°C and 100% RH, have the maximum smoothness. The highest roughness values for cotton fabrics were under conditions of 45°C and 20% RH.

Dyeing Properties and Color Fastness of Chitosan Treated Cotton Fabrics with Thian King Leaves Extract

2015 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornpen Morakotjinda ◽  
Walaikorn Nitayaphat
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Natural Dye ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Fastness Properties ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Whiteness Index ◽  
Chitosan Concentration ◽  
Finishing Agent

Chitosan, a naturally available biopolymer, was used as finishing agent to increase dye uptake and color fastness of cotton fabrics. Thian King leaves extract a natural dye was applied on cotton fabrics after chitosan treatment. The whiteness index and tensile strength of samples were measured to study the effect of chitosan application. The color of dyed samples was investigated in term of the colorimetric parameters (L*, a*, b*, ∆E) and K/S values. The color fastness to washing, rubbing and light of dyed samples was determined according to AATCC test method. The results showed that the chitosan concentration enhances the whiteness index and tensile strength of the treated cotton fabrics. Chitosan treatment showed increase dye uptake of cotton fabrics. Fastness properties of these to washing, rubbing and light have also been discussed.

Thermo-physiological comfort of half bleached woven fabrics made from different cotton yarns parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Desalegn Atalie ◽  
Rotich Gideon ◽  
Getnet Melesse ◽  
Eyasu Ferede ◽  
Frezer Getnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Cotton Yarns

Evaluation of Luster, Hand Feel and Comfort Properties of Modified Polyester Woven Fabrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhou ◽  
Xueli Wang ◽  
Jianyong Yu ◽  
Zhenzhen Wei ◽  
Yu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Pet Fabric ◽  
Better Than

This paper reports a hollow copolyester fiber modified with polyethylene glycol and sodium-5-sulfo-bis-(hydroxyethyl)-isophthalate, abbreviated as ECDP-H, which has the potential to be a replacement for cotton. The objective evaluation of luster (contrast glossiness) and Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-F) (four Primary Hand Parameters and the Total Hand) of ECDP-H, PET and cotton fabrics are studied in order to investigate the cotton-like appearance of the ECDP-H. The results of moisture regain and dynamic moisture absorption values obtained indicate that the hydrophilicity of the ECDP-H fabric is better than that of PET fabric. The thermo-physiological performance for three fabrics is determined using air and water vapor permeability, wicking, warm-cooling feeling, thermal resistance and vapor resistance. The results show that the ECDP-H fabric has better hand and comfort properties than cotton.

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of High-Temperature Heat Treatment on the Microscopic Pore Structure and Mechanical Properties of Tight Sandstone

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liangbin Dou ◽  
Guanli Shu ◽  
Hui Gao ◽  
Jinqing Bao ◽  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
High Temperature Heat Treatment ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Cooling Methods

The investigation of changes in physical properties, mechanical properties, and microscopic pore structure characteristics of tight sandstone after high-temperature heat treatment provides a theoretical basis for plugging removal and stimulation techniques, such as high energy gas fracturing and explosive fracturing. In this study, core samples, taken from tight sandstone reservoirs of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, were first heated to different temperatures (25-800°C) and then cooled separately by two distinct cooling methods—synthetic formation water cooling and natural cooling. The variations of wave velocity, permeability, tensile strength, uniaxial compressive strength, and microscopic pore structure of the core samples were analyzed. Experimental results demonstrate that, with the rise of heat treatment temperature, the wave velocity and tensile strength of tight sandstone decrease nonlinearly, yet its permeability increases nonlinearly. The tight sandstone’s peak strength and elastic modulus exhibit a trend of the first climbing and then declining sharply with increasing temperature. After being treated by heat at different temperatures, the number of small pores varies little, but the number of large pores increases obviously. Compared to natural cooling, the values of physical and mechanical properties of core samples treated by synthetic formation water cooling are apparently smaller, whereas the size and number of pores are greater. It can be explained that water cooling brings about a dramatic reduction of tight sandstone’s surface temperature, generating additional thermal stress and intensifying internal damage to the core. For different cooling methods, the higher the core temperature before cooling, the greater the thermal stress and the degree of damage caused during the cooling process. By taking into consideration of changes in physical properties, mechanical properties, and microscopic pore structure characteristics, the threshold temperature of tight sandstone is estimated in the range of 400-600°C.

Boosting the Competitiveness of Organizations With the Use of Software Engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 198-216
Author(s):  
Mirna Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Software Quality ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
The One

Software has become the core of organizations in different domains because the capacity of their products, systems, and services have an increasing dependence on software. This fact highlights the research challenges to be covered by computer science, especially in the software engineering (SE) area. On the one way, SE is in charge of covering all the aspects related to the software development process from the early stages of software development until its maintenance and therefore is closely related to the software quality. On the other hand, SE is in charge of providing engineers able to provide technological-base solutions to solve industrial problems. This chapter provides a research work path focused on helping software development organizations to change to a continuous software improvement culture impacting both their software development process highlighting the human factor training needs. Results show that the implementation of best practices could be easily implemented if adequate support is provided.

Interplay of fabric structure and shear thickening fluid impregnation in moderating the impact response of high-performance woven fabrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (28) ◽  
pp. 4387-4395
Author(s):  
Sanchi Arora ◽  
Abhijit Majumdar ◽  
Bhupendra Singh Butola
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
The Impact

The beneficial effect of STF impregnation in enhancing the impact resistance of high-performance fabrics has been extensively reported in the literature. However, this research work reports that fabric structure has a decisive role in moderating the effectiveness of STF impregnation in terms of impact energy absorption. Plain woven fabrics having sett varying from 25 × 25 inch−1 to 55 × 55 inch−1 were impregnated with STF at two different padding pressures to obtain different add-ons. The impact energy absorption by STF impregnated loosely woven fabrics was found to be higher than that of their neat counterparts for both levels of add-on, while opposite trend was observed in case of tightly woven fabrics. Further, comparison of tightly woven plain, 2/2 twill, 3/1 twill and 2 × 2 matt fabrics revealed beneficial effect of STF impregnation, except for the plain woven fabric, establishing that there exists a fabric structure-STF impregnation interplay that tunes the impact resistance of woven fabrics.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Characteristics of Elasticised Woven Fabric by Using PBT Filament Yarns

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Kadoğlu ◽  
Krste Dimitrovski ◽  
Arzu Marmaralı ◽  
Pınar Çelik ◽  
Güldemet Başal Bayraktar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Cotton Fibres ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Permanent Elongation ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity ◽  
Sheath Material

Abstract Owing to growing demand for comfortable clothes, elastane filament yarns are being used in fabrics for several garments. In this study, core spun yarns were produced with cotton fibres and PBT/elastane filament yarns (cotton as sheath material, PBT yarn and elastane as core yarns). Twill woven (1/3 Z) fabrics were produced by using core spun yarns (30 tex) and cotton yarns (30 tex) as weft, and 100% cotton yarn (59 tex) as warp yarns. The fabrics consisting of PBT were washed at 100°C for 30 minutes to gain the elasticity. The woven fabrics’ weight, thickness, elongation, permanent elongation, dimensional stability, air permeability, thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity characteristics were tested and statistically evaluated. According to the results, the fabrics containing PBT and elastane filaments had similar elongation and shrinkage values. PBT filament yarns have a great potential to produce lightweight elastic fabrics.

Development of Technologies on Innovative-Simplified Nuclear Power Plant Using High-Efficiency Steam Injector: Part 14—Cooling Characteristics of the Particulate Core Material Debris Accumulated in Horizontal Narrow Gap

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hirao ◽  
G. Su ◽  
K. Sugiyama ◽  
T. Narabayashi ◽  
M. Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Supply ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Metal Debris ◽  
The Core

When LOCA occurs in proposed nuclear reactor systems, the coolability of the core would be kept by the SI core injection system and therefore the probability of the core meltdown is negligible small. In this research work, we make it clear that the coolability of the RPV bottom is secured even if a part of the core should melt and a substantial amount of debris should be deposited on the lower plenum. In this report, we examined experimentally the coolability of the RPV bottom that a Zircaloy-based loose debris layer is deposited on. We set up a heat supply section made by SUS304 on the loose debris layer and measured the heat flux released into the loose debris bed and the temperature at the lower surface of the heat supply section. In addition, we measured the temperature distribution at the bottom of the loose debris bed. It became clear in this study that the coolability depends on the amount of coolant supplied, and the hot spot would not occur when coolant is supplied. Even if a hotspot should occur in the oxidization of loose metal debris accompanied with rapid heat generation. It is found that when a small amount of coolant can be supplied, it disappears because of a high capillary force of oxidized loose debris. So it is confirmed that the soundness of RPV is basically maintained.

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