scholarly journals Effectiveness of the use of sanifying set «SanStim» for disinfection eggs before incubation

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 226-229
Author(s):  
T.I. Fotina ◽  
H.A. Fotina ◽  
I. V. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bactericidal Action ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corrosive Activity

The most vulnerable place in poultry farms is incubation, microorganisms are able to survive the entire period of incubation and penetrate through the eggshell, to be the source of infection with embryos, to affect the reduction of the percentage of conditional young birds, growth and development in the early days of cultivation. The accumulated pathogenic microflora negatively affects the state of the immune system of the bird. Contaminated with conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora egg is the main link in the transmission of all bacterial infections. In Ukraine, for the pre-incubation treatment of eggs, sodium hydroxide, formalin, chloramine, persicum C. are used. These agents exhibit bactericidal properties, but are toxic, have corrosive activity and are carcinogens. The «SunTime» kit consists of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride and a mixture of organic acid salts (lemon, amber, and apple). These substances provide an effective bactericidal action against a wide range of bacteria, are safe for poultry embryos and personnel, have a stimulating effect on the growth and development of the embryo, provide a prolonged bactericidal action. The purpose of the study of the effectiveness of a complex ecologically safe sanitizers set «SunSim», its application for pre-incubation processing of chicken eggs. In experimental studies, two groups were formed, each with n = 250. In order to disinfect the surface of the shell of the incubation egg, two times aerosol treatment of the experimental group using 0.3% of SunStim was carried out, the first time the sanitation of the incubation eggs was carried out before the laying on the incubation cabinet, the exposure was 40 minutes, the second final treatment was carried out on the 18th day of incubation, to extract, a working solution of organic acids (amber, lemon and apple) to stimulate embryonic viability and increase the natural resistance of the embryos. For the control group, formalin was used. After two times of the sanation of the incubation eggs with the SunStim set, the percentage of decontamination of the shell surface of the incubation eggs was 99.1 ± 0.5%. While analyzing the results of the incubation waste category of «dead and drowning» by 3,6% less compared with the control, and the category of «crippled» was not observed. The use of the SunStim set improves the quality of surface treatment of the shell of incubation eggs, increases the incubation eggs output by 4.5-5.0%, the average body weight of the received young animals in experimental groups exceeds control by 4%.

scholarly journals STUDY OF IRRITANT AND SKIN-RESORPTIVE ACTION OF SODIUM-CONTAINING DRUG

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
O. Malyk ◽  
Ya. Protsyk ◽  
N. Shkodyak ◽  
T. Yurynets ◽  
S. Martynyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reliable Increase

Sodium-containing preparations have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing activity, which determines their use in veterinary medicine. This effect is due to a wide range of physiological effects of sodium ions on animals metabolism. The article presents the results of experimental studies of the irritant effect of sodium-containing drugs: known – 2 % glycetinate, its analogues – 2 % ovocid, 3 % ovocid, 1.5 % potassium-sodium drug (Na / K, 1.5%). Studies of irritant and skin-resorptive action of drugs were performed by immersing the tail of animals in a test tube with the substance on white rats weighing 250–270 g. Four groups of rats were formed with 3 animals each: rats of I group (control) tails were immersed in test tubes with 2 % glycetinate, animals of II group – in test tubes with 2% oocide, III group – in test tubes with 3 % oocide, and in IV group rats – with Na / K, 1.5% drug. The exposure time was 4 hours. The animals were subjected to clinical observations, assessing their general condition and the reaction of the tail’s skin. The effect of drugs on the morphological and biochemical parameters of the rats blood was studied. The study of the local irritant effect of the studied drugs in rats from I, II and III groups showed a moderate local irritant reaction, as evidenced by the appearance of redness and thickening of the skin, and in group IV animals appeared only slight redness on the skin of the tails. This indicates a weaker local irritant effect of potassium-sodium-containing drug (1.5% K, Na), compared with other studied drugs. According to hematological studies, in the rats’s blood of groups III and IV, a reliable increase, within normal limits, the number of leukocytes and a decrease in hemoglobin content, compared with those of animals of group I. It was found that at 4 hours of the experiment under the action of the studied potassium-sodium drugs increases the permeability of Sodium and Potassium through the rats’s skin into the blood. In particular, in serum of animals from groups II and IV there was a reliable increase of Potassium content by 2.1 times, respectively, and a significant increase in Sodium content in the blood of animals from groups III and IV, compared with control group. In animals of groups II and IV there was a reliable increase of serum aspartate aminotransferase activity, and in rats of group III – increase of serum alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase activity and in triacylglycerol’s content, compared with rats of group I, which indicates the effect of 2 % glycecin analogues on metabolic processes in animals.

scholarly journals The Impact of Peer Assessment on Academic Performance: A Meta-analysis of Control Group Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit S Double
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Teacher Assessment ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Peer assessment has been the subject of considerable research interest over the last three decades, with numerous educational researchers advocating for the integration of peer assessment into schools and instructional practice. Research synthesis in this area has, however, largely relied on narrative reviews to evaluate the efficacy of peer assessment. Here we present a meta-analysis (54 studies, k = 141) of experimental and quasi-experimental studies that evaluated the effect of peer assessment on academic performance in primary, secondary, or tertiary students across subjects and domains. An overall small to medium effect of peer assessment on academic performance was found (g = 0.31, p < .001). The results suggest that peer assessment improves academic performance compared with no assessment (g = 0.31, p < .001) and teacher assessment (g = 0.28, p = .007), but was not significantly different in its effect from self-assessment (g = 0.23, p = .209). Additionally, meta-regressions examined the moderating effects of several feedback and educational characteristics (e.g. online vs offline, frequency, education level etc.). Results suggested that the effectiveness of peer assessment was remarkably robust across a wide range of contexts. These findings provide support for peer assessment as a formative practice and suggest several implications for the implementation of peer assessment into the classroom.

scholarly journals Parameters of the Histological Adaptation of Marmorkrebs Procambarus virginalis (Lyko, 2017) (Decapoda, Cambaridae) to Manganese, Nickel and Lead Ions Pollution

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Naboka ◽  
Oleg Marenkov ◽  
Julia Kovalchuk ◽  
Zoya Shapovalenko ◽  
Oleh Nesterenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marbled Crayfish

Manganese, lead and nickel are heavy metals, which are the priority fresh water toxic contaminants and relate to of the first danger class chemicals. Heavy metals cause functional disorders in the tissues and organs of hydrobionts, affecting their linear and weight indices, reproductive system, digestive and extraction organs. In the experiment on marbled crayfishProcambarus virginalis(Lyko, 2017) studied the long-term effects of various concentrations of heavy metal ions on the physiological state and histostructure of tissues and organs. According to the results of research, it was found that among the studied heavy metals nickel ions influenced the weight indexes and mortality of crustaceans the most negatively. The results of morphometric studies on marbled crayfish indicate no significant changes in the control group and experimental one, but heavy metals influenced the form of the hepatopancerase lobes and the size of the lumen of the gland. Research on adipocytes of the connective tissue showed a significant difference between the size of cells under the influence of heavy metals. Dimensions of adipocytes fluctuated in a wide range from 144 μm2to 537 μm2. In control group the adipocyte area was 406.96 μm2. Experimental studies of hemolymph showed that, under the influence of lead ions, a significant increase in 1.4 times was observed in the area of hemolymph cells; when manganese and nickel were added, moderate decrease was observed in cells. It was found that under the influence of nickel, the area of round hyalinocytes has reduced by 1.7 times.

scholarly journals The Impact of Peer Assessment on Academic Performance: A Meta-analysis of Control Group Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit S. Double ◽  
Joshua A. McGrane ◽  
Therese N. Hopfenbeck
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Teacher Assessment ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPeer assessment has been the subject of considerable research interest over the last three decades, with numerous educational researchers advocating for the integration of peer assessment into schools and instructional practice. Research synthesis in this area has, however, largely relied on narrative reviews to evaluate the efficacy of peer assessment. Here, we present a meta-analysis (54 studies, k = 141) of experimental and quasi-experimental studies that evaluated the effect of peer assessment on academic performance in primary, secondary, or tertiary students across subjects and domains. An overall small to medium effect of peer assessment on academic performance was found (g = 0.31, p < .001). The results suggest that peer assessment improves academic performance compared with no assessment (g = 0.31, p = .004) and teacher assessment (g = 0.28, p = .007), but was not significantly different in its effect from self-assessment (g = 0.23, p = .209). Additionally, meta-regressions examined the moderating effects of several feedback and educational characteristics (e.g., online vs offline, frequency, education level). Results suggested that the effectiveness of peer assessment was remarkably robust across a wide range of contexts. These findings provide support for peer assessment as a formative practice and suggest several implications for the implementation of peer assessment into the classroom.

scholarly journals СIRCULATING SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULINA IN SEPTIC DISORDERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-720
Author(s):  
N. V. Mal'tseva ◽  
Т. A. Laputenko ◽  
S. V. Arkhipova ◽  
A. Sc. Smirnova ◽  
O. F. Lykova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Infectious Endocarditis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Wide Range

Insufficiency of local immunity can play an important role in pathogenesis of sepsis, including septic (acute) infectious endocarditis (IE). The paper presents data on secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) contents in blood serum of patients with sepsis (26 women and 32 men), acute (11 women and 23 men) and subacute (7 women and 13 men) IE, depending on localization of the infection site (angiogenic or non-angiogenic), outcome of the disease and carriage of glutathione-S-transferase P1 gene variants (GSTP1Ile105Val). A control group consisted of 25 women and 24 men without hypertension and ischemic heart disease and lacking evidence of focal and systemic infection, was examined. Laboratory studies were performed with еnzyme immunoassay and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. We have found that, despite large individual variability of serum sIgA concentration in sepsis and infectious endocarditis, the majority of patients had a significant (on average, 4-fold) IgA increase against controls, in both men and women, especially in acute IE (a mean of 5-fold over control values). Subacute infectious endocarditis is associated with lesser sIgA in circulation than acute IE and sepsis, which may be used for early differential diagnosis of these conditions. There were no gender differences in sIgA contents. In sepsis with non-angiogenic source of infection, the sIgA levels were higher than in angiogenic infection. There was no association of sIgA level with survival (mortality), which excludes this index from predictive markers in sepsis and IE. Carriage of heterozygous GSTP1Ile105Val genotype increases the risk of sepsis and IE development, regardless of clinical course, and homozygous genotype GSTP1Ile105Ile is associated with higher contents of circulating immunoglobulin than in carriers of GSTP1Val105Val genotype. Thus, a wide range of individual variability in of circulating sIgA levels in patients with sepsis and infective endocarditis may be connected with location of infection source and genetic factors.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SPEECH DISORDERS. A META-ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Camelia Daniela Cucu ◽  
◽  
Florinda Golu ◽  
Andreea Raluca Adam ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference

Objectives. The study aims to conduct a meta-analysis on the existence of solid experimental evidence to highlight the effectiveness of interventions in the improvement of speech disorders in patients who have suffered a stroke. It is desired to identify those moderating variables that can influence the effectiveness of these interventions over time, or that demonstrate the extent to which chronicity of stroke may lead to inferior results in speech improvement. Materials and methods. A search was conducted in three databases: Cochrane Library, Web of Science and PubMed, to identify those studies that meet the criterion for intervention, starting with the first records and until now. The qualitative analysis of the studies was performed using Risk of Bias, and the quantitative analysis through Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. Results. As a result of selection, 31 randomized clinical studies were included in the current research, out of the 1923 existing studies. These have been the subject of investigation on aphasia and dysphagia, with a wide range of types and methods of intervention. The results show that the difference in averages between the intervention group and the post-test control group is a significant one (g = 0.528; 95% CI 0.067; 0.004; p = 0.000), while the moderation analysis did not record a statistical significance. Conclusions. Non-pharmacological interventions based on the recovery of speech disorders as a result of stroke have been shown to be effective in many of the researches in specialized literature. Their results show that, as a result of therapies, patients experience improvements in quality of life, communication and many psychiatric disorders. However, it is not clear how effective these interventions are in recovering or ameliorating speech disorders.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of mineral adaptogen in experimental immunosuppression

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
M. Drozd
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Experimental Animals

Abstract. Modern conditions of animal husbandry and poultry farming dictate a continuous search for effective means that increase the natural resistance of the organism of farm animals and poultry. The purpose of the study. In this regard, an experimental study was conducted on laboratory animals using a mineral adaptogen of domestic production in order to determine its effectiveness in conditions of artificially induced immunosuppression. The objectives of the study were to determine the immunobiochemical status, subcellular and intra-organ changes in the organs of the immune system at all levels. Research methods. Experimental studies were carried out using generally accepted zootechnical, pathomorphological, histological, immunobiochemical and statistical research methods. Results. Immunobiochemical changes in the body of experimental animals are described. Microscopic changes at the level of tissues and cells in the organs of the immune system at all levels are described. Changes in the organs of the immune system during immunosuppression and against the background of feeding mineral adaptogen are described. Morphological examination of the immune system organs in experimental animals revealed prolonged immunosuppressive changes for 14 days. At the same time, after induced immunosuppression, significant structural changes remain in the central and peripheral organs of the immune system in the form of lymphoid tissue atrophy (in the thymus, both in the organ of central immunogenesis and in the organs of the peripheral immune system – the spleen and lymph nodes and intra-organ lymph formations). During histological studies, the structure of cells and tissues, when using a mineral adaptogen, was more morphologically mature and was in a functionally active state, and dystrophic and necrotic processes were observed in the control group. The conducted studies convincingly prove the effect of mineral adaptogen on increasing natural resistance and its immunoprotective properties. Scientific novelty. For the first time in experimental conditions, a simultaneous assessment of the immunobiochemical parameters of the blood of laboratory animals and a microscopic examination of the organs of the immune system at all levels with morphometric analysis of the data obtained were given. As a result of the conducted studies, the immuno- and organoprotective effect of feeding the mineral adaptogen was proved and the immunomodulatory effect was morphometrically confirmed.

The influence of probiotic drug Biolax-U on morphological and biochemical parameters of blood in cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
A. Farkhutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed

The expediency of using the probiotic drug Biolax-U in the rations of lactating and dry cows of Black-and-White breed has been studied and scientifically proved. The influence of this drug on the morphological and biochemical parameters of animal blood has been determined. The composition of the probiotic drug Biolax-U consists of eight strains of a balanced complex of living lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes, as well as biologically active substances. For experimental studies conducted on 2 groups of cows have been selected by the method of pairs-analogs, the influence of feeding of feed have been prepared with the use of the microbiological drug with probiotic action Biolax-U on feed consumption, morphological and biochemical changes in blood has been studied. Analysis of the rations of cows indicates that the content of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur and trace elements such as manganese, copper, zinc and cobalt in the feed has been reduced. It has been found by studies that the use of probiotic drug Biolax-U had the positive influence on the feed intake, digestibility and better assimilation of feed nutrients and contributed to the improvement of blood morphological and biochemical parameters. For example, in animals of the experimental group hemoglobin has increased by 3,6 % (Р < 0,05), red blood cells by 10,1 (P ≤ 0,05), the content of leukocytes by 4,43, carotene by 9,6, glucose by 3,4; reserve alkalinity by 15,6, calcium by 19,4 (P ≤ 0,01), and phosphorus by 18,4 % compared with the control group of animals. During the lactation significantly improved hematological parameters including alkalinity reserve by 5,11 %, calcium level by 11,1, phosphorus by 8,6, hemoglobin by 14,2 %, the content of erythrocytes by 12,3, leukocyte by 3,86, and carotene 11,1 % against the parameters of animals of control group. The improvement of morphological and biochemical parameters of blood of cows indicates about stimulating effect on hematopoiesis and the general clinical condition of animals that contributes to the improvement of metabolic processes when using feed prepared with the use of microbiological drug with probiotic action Biolax-U.

USING THE KAZAKH WHITE-HEADED BREED TO INCREASE BEEF IN THE FLAT PROVINCE OF DAGESTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.М. САДЫКОВ ◽  
М.П. АЛИХАНОВ ◽  
А.Г. СИМОНОВ ◽  
Г.А. СИМОНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Experimental Group

Изучены рост и развитие бычков — помесей красной степной с казахской белоголовой породой в равнинной провинции Дагестана. Установлено, что помесный молодняк, по сравнению с чистопородным скотом красной степной породы, имеет более высокую живую массу при рождении на 1,8 кг, или 7,3%. При отъеме в 8-месячном возрасте помеси имели живую массу 210 кг против 187,6 кг у красного степного молодняка, что на 22,4 кг, или 11,9% выше. В 12-, 15- и 18-месячном возрасте живая масса помесных бычков равнялась 291,8 кг, 359,7 и 436,6 кг, соответственно, или на 28 кг, 36 и 45,8 кг больше по сравнению с красным степным скотом. Среднесуточные приросты помесных бычков за период выращивания и откорма составили 760 г, что выше на 12,1% по сравнению с чистопородным красным степным молодняком. После заключительного откорма и убоя помесные бычки дали тяжеловесные туши с хорошим поливом. По массе парной туши они превосходили чистопородных аналогов на 31,3 кг, или 15,6% с преимуществом выхода туши на 2,4%. Убойный выход у бычков опытной группы составил 58,7%, контрольной — 55,8%. От помесных бычков были получены тяжеловесные шкуры массой 27,1 кг, от чистопородных — 21,6 кг, преимущество по этому показателю имели помесные животные 5,5 кг, или 25,4%. Для увеличения производства говядины в равнинной провинции Дагестана рекомендуем скрещивание коров красной степной породы с быками казахской белоголовой породы. The growth and development of bulls of red steppe crossbreeds with the Kazakh white-headed breed in the flat province of Dagestan were studied. It was found that young crossbreed animals in comparison with purebred red steppe cattle have a higher live weight at birth by 1,8 kg or 7,3%. When weaning at 8 months of age, cross-bred bulls had a live weight of 210 kg against 187,6 kg in red steppe young, which is 22,4 kg, or 11,9% higher. At 12, 15 and 18 months of age, the live weight of crossbred bulls was 291,8 kg, 359,7 and 436,6 kg, respectively, or 28 kg, 36 and 45,8 kg more than the red steppe cattle. The average daily growth of cross-bred bulls during the growing and fattening period was 760 g compared to 678 g, that is, they were 12,1% higher compared to purebred red steppe young. After the final fattening and slaughter, the cross-bred bulls gave heavy carcasses with good watering. By weight of the paired carcass, they were superior to purebred counterparts by 31,3 kg or 15,6% with an advantage of 2,4% carcass yield. The slaughter yield of bulls in the experimental group was 58,7%, 55,8% in the control group, respectively, with an advantage in favor of crossbreeds of 2,9%. Heavy skins weighing 27,1 kg were obtained from crossbreed bulls, 21,6 kg from purebred ones, and crossbreed animals of 5,5 kg or 25,4% had an advantage in this indicator. Studies have shown that in order to increase beef production in the lowland province of Dagestan, it is necessary to use crossbreeding of the breeding stock of the red steppe breed with bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed.

Heterocycle Compounds with Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 867-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fesatidou ◽  
Anthi Petrou ◽  
Geronikaki Athina
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms

Background: Bacterial infections are a growing problem worldwide causing morbidity and mortality mainly in developing countries. Moreover, the increased number of microorganisms, developing multiple resistances to known drugs, due to abuse of antibiotics, is another serious problem. This problem becomes more serious for immunocompromised patients and those who are often disposed to opportunistic fungal infections. Objective: The objective of this manuscript is to give an overview of new findings in the field of antimicrobial agents among five-membered heterocyclic compounds. These heterocyclic compounds especially five-membered attracted the interest of the scientific community not only for their occurrence in nature but also due to their wide range of biological activities. Method: To reach our goal, a literature survey that covers the last decade was performed. Results: As a result, recent data on the biological activity of thiazole, thiazolidinone, benzothiazole and thiadiazole derivatives are mentioned. Conclusion: It should be mentioned that despite the progress in the development of new antimicrobial agents, there is still room for new findings. Thus, research still continues.

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