scholarly journals Hellenic and Jewish in Levinas’s Writings

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephraim Meir
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  

O artigo mostra que o “grego” está presente no pensamento “judaico” de Levinas e que os escritos “gregos” possuem uma dimensão “judaica”: Yafet é recebido nos alojamentos de Shem e vice-versa. A tese aqui formulada é que os escritos confessionais desenvolvem-se paralelamente aos escritos profissionais. Embora o discurso seja marcadamente diferente em cada uma das obras, e apesar de Levinas não tentar harmonizálos ou conciliá-los, ele se esforça por “enunciar em grego os princípios que a Grécia não conhece”. A sua filosofia se desenvolve paralelamente à redescoberta daquilo que o Ocidente esqueceu e reprimiu: que o ser humano é criado “na imagem de Deus”. Em um pensamento de estilo inclusivo, Levinas é aqui apresentado como um viajante freqüente entre Atenas e Jerusalém, como um filósofo e um judeu; um “grego”, mas um “grego” indiscutivelmente judeu. PALAVRAS-CHAVE – Pensamento “grego”. Pensamento “hebraico”. Levinas. ABSTRACT The article shows that “Greek” is present in Levinas’s “Hebrew” thinking and that the “Greek” writings have a “Hebrew” dimension: Yafet is received in the tents of Shem and vice versa. The thesis formulated here is that the confessional writings run parallel with the professional writings. Although the discourse is quite different in both writings, and although Levinas certainly does not attempt to harmonize or to conciliate, he endeavors to “enounce in Greek the principles Greece did not know”. His philosophy was paralleled with the re-discovery of what the West forgot and repressed: that the human being is created “in God’s image.” In an inclusive thinking, Levinas is presented here as a frequent traveler between Athens and Jerusalem, as a philosopher and a Jew, a “Greek,” but undeniably a Jewish one. KEY WORDS – “Greek” thinking. “Hebrew” thinking. Levinas.

Author(s):  
Б. Ниясалиева ◽  
Н. Алтыкеева

Аннотация. Ч.Айтматов “Кылым карытар бир күн” романында ачыктап бере албаган бийлик маселеси кийинки демократиянын учурунда романдын уландысы катары берилген “Чынгызхандын ак булуту “ аттуу чыгармасында таама көрсөтүлдү. Аталган чыгарма сталиндик бийликти сынга алуу менен бийликтин курмандыктары болгон күнөөсүз адамдардын оор тагдырын чагылдырат. Сталиндин образын ачуу максатында элдик легендага кайрылып, Чынгызхандын образы аркылуу Сталиндин образын чагылдырган. Чыгармадагы Тансыкбаевдин образы мансапка манчыркап, адам тагдыры менен ойногон наадан адамдардын образын ачууда колдонулган. Абуталип, Эрдене, Догуланг – булар бийликтин курмандыктары. Алар алдыда өлүм күтүп турса да, өз көз караштарынан тайышпады, өлүмгө тике кароо менен жеңиш дайыма алар тарапта экендигин аныктай алышты. Ырас, Тансыкбаев да өз максатына жете алган жок, Чынгызхан болсо батышты багынтам деген тилегине жетпеди, ал эбегейсиз күчүн жоготту, мындан ары анын жолу болбоду. Түйүндүү сөздөр: образ, демократия, каарман, легенда, идея, көркөм ой жүгүртүү. Аннотация. Проблема правительства, которую Ч.Айтматов не смог раскрыть в романе “И дольше века длится день, ярко показаны в произведении “Белое облако Чингизхана” созданное во время демократии как продолжение названного произведения. В данном произведений критикуется и отражается тяжелая судьба безвинного народа, которые стали жертвами сталинского режима. Писатель обратился к народной легенде для раскрытия образа Сталина, через образ Чингизхана. В произведений образ Тансыкбаева применятся для раскрытия образов людей, которые ради собственного нажива использовали судьбы народа. Абуталип, Эрдене, Догуланг – они жертвы правительства. Несмотря ни на что, они не отреклись от своих убеждений, стояли на смерть ради справедливости. В статье говорится о не достижении своей цели Тансыкбаева, о не покорении Чингизханом Запада, о том, что Чингизхан потерял всю свою силу и удача его покидает. Ключевые слова: власть, образ, демократия, герой, легенда, идея, художественное размышление.. Annotation. The problem of the government, which Ch. Aitmatov could not reveal in the novel “And the day lasts more than a century”is clearly shown in the works “White cloud of Genghis Khan” created during the democracy as a continuation of the title work. In this work criticized and reflected the heavy fate of innocent people who were the victims of the Stalinist regime. The writer appealed to the folk legend to reveal the image of Genghis Khan the writer conveys the image of Stalin. In the work (composition) the image of Tansykbaev will be used to reveal the images of people who used the people’s destinies for their own profit . Abutalip, Erdene, Doulan-they are the victims of government. No matter what, they didn’t renounce their beliefs, stood to death for justice . The article says about not achieving the goal of Tansykbaeva, about not conguering the West by Genghis Khan and that Genghis Khan lost all his strength and good luck leaves him. Key words: power, image, democracy, hero, legend, idea, artistic reflection.


2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-127
Author(s):  
Henri Hude

This articles describes the “neuronal crisis,” the epidemic of psychosomatic illnesses observed all over the world, particularly in the West. The paper looks into the deeper real causes and seeks the most effective kind of cure for this malady. This leads to rational consideration of the metaphysical dimension of the human being and the fundamental problems (those of evil, of freedom, of God, of the soul, and of the body), where lack of sufficiency plays a major part in the etiology of these pathologies, as the desire for the Absolute is the basis of the unconscious. This approach presumes the Freudian model but denies its purely libidinal interpretation that substitutes desire for the Absolute with libido. Hence, an explanatory system applied to increasingly serious pathologies: ailments, neuroses, depressions, and psychoses. Frustration of one’s desire for the Good gives rise to a sublimation of finite goodness. The inevitable desublimation, caused by anguish because of the Evil, intense guilt, and the dramatization of evils, causes neuroses as awkward but inevitable solutions to the existential problem that is still unresolved, due to lack of functional and experimental knowledge. Psychiatry and even medicine must take into account the metaphysical layer, and, therefore, operate within an existential dynamic, aiming to progress in wisdom and to discover man, man’s brain and body, as these are structured around the axis of his desire.


10.14201/3165 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra María Pérez Alonso-geta

RESUMEN: ntendemos la creatividad como destreza adquirible, como un rasgo del que participan todos los seres humanos, aunque precise ser cultivada. La capacidad de ser creativo es una mezcla de conocimientos, actitudes y habilidades que se pueden conseguir mediante la práctica. Se trata de hacerse con nuevas ideas, saliendo de las rutas trazadas, por la experiencia para conseguir nuevos productos. Desde la escuela es necesario estimular la creatividad para poder afrontar los retos que hoy se plantean, en los distintos ámbitos de la realidad, dando solución a los nuevos problemas. Eeducar para la creatividad es una estrategia de futuro. Palabras clave: creatividad, innovación, educación, creencias, actitudes.ABSTRACT: This paper conceives creativity as an acquirable skill, as a trait shared by every human being. Hhowever, creativity must be developed: the ability of being creative is a blend of knowledge, attitude and skills that can only be learnt through practice. It is about having new ideas and departing from habitual pathways traced by everyday experience in order to obtain new outputs. It is essential to stimulate creativity in school in order to be able to handle efficiently today’s new challenges, which present themselves in different areas of our lives. Teaching creativity is therefore a strategy for the future. Key words: creativity, innovation, education, knowledge, attitude.SOMMAIRE: Nous définissons la créativité comme une habilité que l’on peut atteindre, comme un attribut auquel tous les êtres humains participent, même si elle a besoin d’être cultivée. La capacité d’être créatif est un mélange de connaissances, d’attitudes et d’habilités que l’on peut atteindre moyennant la pratique. Il s’agît de trouver des nouvelles idées, en sortant des chemins existants, à travers l’expérience afin d’obtenir de nouveaux produits. Dès l’école il est nécessaire de stimuler la créativité pour pouvoir affronter les défis actuels, dans les différents domaines de la réalité en apportant des solutions aux nouveaux problèmes. Eenseigner la créativité, c’est une stratégie pour l’avenir.


Author(s):  
Jesús M. Díaz Álvarez

RESUMENEl presente artículo es una exposición reflexiva del texto de Aron Gurwitsch "On Contemporary Nihilism". Escrito en plena conflagración mundial, su intención última es mostrar que el nihilismo, en tanto que fenómeno que define la situación de occidente desde el declive de las ideas racionalistas, es el sustrato común, la base de la que van a emerger, por un lado, el "nihilismo epistemológico", que afecta a los diferentes saberes (teóricos y prácticos), y, por el otro, el terrible hecho del totalitarismo. Frente a esta situación, Gurwitsch defenderá que la única manera de salir del nihilismo y recuperar la cordura y la dignidad del ser humano es volviendo a reactivar, en el sentido husserliano, el ideal racionalista, el famoso dar y recibir razones con el que un día nació la filosofía en Grecia.PALABRAS CLAVENIHILISMO-TOTALITARSMO-RACIONALIDAD-ABSOLUTOABTRACTThis article is an expostion and a reflection on Aron Gurwitsch´s "On Contemporary Nihilism". He worte this text during the Second World War and his ultimate intention was to show that nihilism, as the fact which defined the situation of the West since the decline of the rationalistic ideas, was the common base from which two phenomena arose. The first of them is the "epistemological nihilism", which affects our theoretical and practical disciplines. The second one is the terrible fact of totalitarianism. Taking this situation into account, Gurwitsch will maintain that the only way to overcome hilism and to recover the dignity of the human being is through the re-activation, in the husserlian sense, of the rationalist ideal, the famous "lógon diadónai" with which a long time ago philosophy was born in Greece.KEYWORDSNIHILISM-TOTALITARISM-RATIONALITY-ABSOLUTE


2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington José Santana

The present article analyses critically the paradox of phenomenon claimed by Danish Philosopher Kierkegaard and Marion’s new concept named saturated phenomenon. While the concept of God, by definition, must surpass the realm of empiricism, perhaps the something may shed light over what God must be: Excess. However, Marion developed a new concept of phenomenon that not only occupies the immanence world, but also goes beyond. It is called saturated phenomenon. In order to address the question one might understand the limit of the givenness and then what does it mean saturated givenness. We probably all have had the sense of being overwhelmed by something and this can lead toward a sense of torpor or numbness. In the other hand, Kierkegaard affirms that God is so different than a human being, so totally other that we may think we’re right in demanding God make himself understood and be reasonable towards us. Kierkegaard upholds that we’re always dealing with God in the wrong way. I will argue that Marion, however, following phenomenological footsteps indicates a new path toward how to address God properly.   Key words: Paradox; Saturated phenomenon; freedom; Excess. 


1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1395-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Beamish

A comparison of ages determined from surfaces of otoliths and from sections of otoliths showed that ages were similar up to a section age of 22–24 yr. The growth pattern observed on thin sections of otoliths and from broken and burned otoliths from the region of the nucleus was interpreted to indicate that Pacific ocean perch probably live much longer than previously thought. Because the criteria used to identify annuli from otoliths sections appeared valid for younger fish, there was no justification to reject the application of these criteria for estimating ages of older fish and thus no reason to reject the possibility that Pacific ocean perch might live to be older than 70 yr. Ages determined from sections of otoliths from other rockfish species found off the west coast of Canada such as Sebastes fiavidus and Sebastes brevispinis have ranged from 30 to 60 yr indicating that many species of rockfish may live longer than previously thought. Key words: age determination, otolith, maximum age, age determination errors, Pacific ocean perch, otolith sections


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (XVIII) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Dariusz Rozmus

The vast destruction of the heritage sites in Syria and Iraq caused by the activities of ISIS may not only be attributed to fanatical iconoclasm with a religious background. The ideologists of the jihad movements in the so-called Islamic State intend to introduce one, unified version of Islam. In their world, there is no place for democracy, secularity, nationalism (even for patriotism) and other “abominations” of the West. Monuments which constituted elements of local traditions were destroyed with the application of huge resources. In the face of the tragedy of people, considerations in the field of broadly conceived culture may only supplement a description of unspeakable tragedies which were caused by the wars in the Near East. However, we may examine this question in such a way as not to separate the people from their heritage, for a human being is an integral part of his or her culture. “This isn’t a choice between people or stone,” said Deborah Lehr, chair of Antiquities Coalition. “Culture is part of who these people are, and this, ironically, is the cradle of civilization.”. Due to the situation which occurred, the stock-taking and digitalisation of artefacts and architectural monuments assumes huge significance. These proceedings should be also conducted with the use of the most recent methods of satellite teledetection.


Author(s):  
Widya Nirmalawati

After post-feminism period, women still have to struggle to be “perfect human being”as her own ideal. It is not only the case for women having no power, intellectualism, and money, but also for ladies with authority and prosperity enabling her own to be an single individual with financial and time freedom. This can be seen in a contemporary literary work, One Indian Girl (Bhagat: 2016), in which an Indian girl having a prestigious position in an American investment bank could not achieve her ideal life. This paper is aimed to reveal the dilemma of a feminist woman in her relation to men and to her family norms and her defeat to the true reality she failed to mediate. Using post-feminist approach, this paper investigated the fictional facts to prove that source of the problems is actually her female being.   It is indicated that the problems she had in her life coming from her female feminist. From the very first, it was depicted that she was viewed negatively by her own mother for being a female baby. Her intellectual is not worthy for boys and her mother. In her study, she was blamed for having her master, rather than early marriage. Finally, she was being accused of earning a lot of money, which normally becomes a prestigious achievement for men, by her boyfriend and her mother. She was in dilemma to choose between her dreamed profession or her marriage. The girl is a character who highly likely to represent other girls or women who are still defeated by the inequities of positioning a man-woman parallelism. Key words: One Indian Girl, post-feminist, dilemma


Author(s):  
Maria Helena Silveira Bonilla

Este texto tem como objetivo analisar alguns contextos em que e-Learning vem se desenvolvendo, especialmente nos âmbitos das políticas públicas e da economia. Considerando que as linhas gerais dessas políticas estão voltadas para o desenvolvimento econômico dos países ou regiões em que se inserem, a educação e os novos territórios educativos constituídos a partir do uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação vêm sendo utilizados como estratégias para esse desenvolvimento. Ao mesmo tempo, a educação vem constituindo um novo mercado, rentável, e com perspectivas de crescimento rápido, o que atrai investimentos de um grande número de empresas. A análise feita aqui tenta mostrar as limitações dessas perspectivas e o reducionismo aplicado à educação, uma área ligada umbilicalmente à constituição do ser humano, enquanto ser social, complexo. A análise não tenta dar conta de todas as implicações dessas dinâmicas e sim problematizar aquelas que mais se destacam no contexto contemporâneo. <br> <br> <B>Palavras-chave</B>: e-Learning, políticas públicas, estratégia econômica. <br> <br> <br> <B>Abstract</B>: The objective of this text is to analyze some contexts where e-Learning has been developing, especially in the ambit of public policy and the economy. Considering that the general lines of these policies are aimed at the economic development of the countries or regions in which they are found, education and the new educational areas resulting from the use of information and communication technologies have come to be used as strategies for this development. At the same time, education has become a new market, profitable, and with prospects for fast growth, attracting investment from a large number of companies. The analysis carried out here tries to show the limitations of these prospects and the reductionism being applied to education, an area linked irrevocably to what it is to be a human being – when it is social, complex. The analysis doesn’t try to cover all the implications of those dynamics but certainly tries to question those that stand out more in the present-day context. <br> <br> <B>Key words</B>: e-Learning, public policies, economic strategy.


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dede Kania

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Historically, domestic workers has been around a long time. Their domestically roles made them often underestimated. However, the legal protection they are still very concerned, even until now Indonesia has no law regarding the protection of domestic workers, because domestic workers act of Indonesia has not been enacted. Whereas legal protection to domestic workers is urgent considering the number of cases of abuse and violence against domestic workers, particularly female domestic workers, without any handling or legal process well. Therefore, the authors are interested in examining how the application of the theory of gender equality and inquity for domestic workers act.</em></p><p><em>This research results: Firstly, the bill is needed to protect of domestic workers. Secondly, A worker of either sex is the same as other workers must be paid a fair wage and good treatment as a dignified human being. Thirdly, The aim of this act should be the process of formalizing the PRT even though the workings area of domestic workers are in domestic area.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong><em>: domestik workers, human rights,  legal protection</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Secara historis, pekerja rumah tangga telah ada sejak lama. Peran mereka di dalam ranah domestik membuat mereka sering diremehkan. Namun, perlindungan hukum mereka masih sangat kurang, bahkan sampai sekarang Indonesia tidak memiliki Undang-undang perlindungan pekerja rumah tangga. Perlindungan hukum bagi pekerja rumah tangga sangat mendesak keberadaannya mengingat jumlah kasus pelecehan dan kekerasan terhadap pekerja rumah tangga, terutama PRT perempuan, semakin bertambah. Oleh karena itu, penulis tertarik untuk meneliti bagaimana penerapan teori kesetaraan dan keadilan gender bagi pekerja rumah tangga.</p><p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: <em>Pertama</em>, Indonesia sangat memerlukan UU untuk melindungi atau pekerja rumah tangga, sehingga RUU PRT mendesak untuk segera diundangkan. <em>Kedua</em>, Seorang pekerja baik perempuan maupun laki-laki mempunyai kedudukan yang sama, sehingga harus mendapatkanhak- haknya dengan baik sebagai manusia yang bermartabat. <em>Ketiga</em>, harus ada Formalisasi PRT walaupun kerja bidang pekerja rumah tangga berada di wilayah domestik tetapi hak-haknya sebagai pekerja harus diakui dan disamakan dengan pekerja di wilayah publik.</p><strong><em>Kata Kunci: </em></strong><em>Pekerja Rumah tangga, hak asasi manusia, perlindungan hukum</em>


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