Effects of different vinification technologies and yeasts on qualitative parameters and terpene compounds of Sauvignon Blanc wines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Červinka ◽  
P. Burg ◽  
I. Soural ◽  
V. Mašán ◽  
A. Čížková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Wine Yeast ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Wine Yeasts ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Sauvignon Blanc represents an important grape variety. The wine made from this variety is known to have a wide range of aroma profiles from nettles to tropical fruits. Beside the raw material quality (grapes), the quality of wines can be fundamentally influenced by the technological conditions applied in the wine making process. Yeast and other microorganisms play a key role in the formation of metabolites during alcoholic fermentation. In this study, the effects of autochthonous or selected wine yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and fermentation temperatures (15 °C and 19 °C) were tested on major monoterpenes contents of wines during the period 2016–2017. The obtained values show that the highest contents of linalool (24.36 μg L−1) and hotrienol (11.84 μg L−1) were determined in wine samples produced with active (selected) wine yeast at lower temperature. Sensory evaluation results indicated that monoterpenes can have a positive effect on the overall sensory quality of Sauvignon Blanc wines, despite the fact that their determined concentrations in the evaluated samples were not higher than their threshold values.

scholarly journals Molecular Basis of Fructose Utilization by the Wine Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a Mutated HXT3 Allele Enhances Fructose Fermentation

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2432-2439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Guillaume ◽  
Pierre Delobel ◽  
Jean-Marie Sablayrolles ◽  
Bruno Blondin
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Wine Yeast ◽  
Glycolytic Flux ◽  
Hexose Transporter ◽  
Wine Yeasts ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Fructose Fermentation

ABSTRACT Fructose utilization by wine yeasts is critically important for the maintenance of a high fermentation rate at the end of alcoholic fermentation. A Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeast able to ferment grape must sugars to dryness was found to have a high fructose utilization capacity. We investigated the molecular basis of this enhanced fructose utilization capacity by studying the properties of several hexose transporter (HXT) genes. We found that this wine yeast harbored a mutated HXT3 allele. A functional analysis of this mutated allele was performed by examining expression in an hxt1-7Δ strain. Expression of the mutated allele alone was found to be sufficient for producing an increase in fructose utilization during fermentation similar to that observed in the commercial wine yeast. This work provides the first demonstration that the pattern of fructose utilization during wine fermentation can be altered by expression of a mutated hexose transporter in a wine yeast. We also found that the glycolytic flux could be increased by overexpression of the mutant transporter gene, with no effect on fructose utilization. Our data demonstrate that the Hxt3 hexose transporter plays a key role in determining the glucose/fructose utilization ratio during fermentation.

scholarly journals Создание гибридов сверхсахарной кукурузы с высоким уровнем антиоксидантной активности с использованием тест-системы на основе стабильного радикала DPPH

2016 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
В. В. Поздняков ◽  
Ю. В. Харченко ◽  
Л. Я. Харченко ◽  
О. В. Анцыферова
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Canning Industry

Гибриды сахарной и сверхсахарной кукурузы являются хорошим сырьем для производства функциональных пищевых продуктов, в том числе диетического и детского питания. Важными показателями высокого качества этих продуктов являются повышенное содержание белка и ценного масла, незначительное количество плохо усвояемого кукурузного крахмала и высокое содержание антиоксидантов, а также отменные вкусовые качества. В работе представлены данные по оценке антиоксидантной активности большой группы новых перспективных гибридов сверхсахарной кукурузы среднеспелой группы, созданных с целью получения ценных источников сырья для консервной промышленности. Значения показателя общей антиоксидантной активности варьировали в широком интервале значений (от 31,8 % до 60,4 %, 568,4–1008 мкг/г семян), что указывает на перспективность использования этого важного биохимического параметра в селекции сверхсахарной кукурузы на качество. Hybrids of excess sugar maize are good raw material for the production of functional food products, including baby food and diet. Important indicators of high quality of these products are high protein content and a valuable oil, a small amount of poorly digestible maize starch and a high content of antioxidants, and also excellent taste qualities. The paper presents data on the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of a large group of promising new hybrids of excess sugar maize of mid-group created in order to obtain valuable raw materials for the canning industry. Index value of total antioxidant activity varied over a wide range (from 31,8 % to 60,4 %, 568,4–1,008 mg/g of seed), which indicates on promising use of this important parameter in the breeding of biochemical excess sugar maize on quality.

scholarly journals Discrimination of Myrtle Ecotypes from Different Geographic Areas According to Their Morphological Characteristics and Anthocyanins Composition

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. González-de-Peredo ◽  
Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa ◽  
Estrella Espada-Bellido ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Antonio Amores-Arrocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Traits ◽  
Positive Effect

Myrtus communis L. is an evergreen shrub that produces berries with a high content in antioxidant compounds. Since these compounds have demonstrated a positive effect on human health, the interest on berries and their usages has increased. However, environmental conditions may affect the productivity of these species and consequently the quality of wild myrtle. Ecotypes from diverse geographical origins may result in significant variations in terms of bioactive compounds content as well as in chemical traits. For this reason, in this work ecotypes from two different localizations have been studied to determine if their differences in morphological and anthocyanins traits can be attributed to their origin and the environmental characteristics of these locations. For this, chemometric analyses such as Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis, were employed. The results showed differences between the ecotypes depending on their location. In particular, myrtle berries from maritime zones present greater fruit size and amount of bioactive compounds, which means an improvement in the quality of the final product based on this raw material. It can be concluded that both morphological and anthocyanins traits are related to the location of the ecotype and allow selecting the best ecotype for the required applications.

scholarly journals Regional Features of the Development of the Flax Sub-complex in the Context of Growing Crisis Phenomena

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.В. Великанова ◽  
Р.А. Попов
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Fibre Flax ◽  
Regular Production ◽  
Wide Range

Целью настоящей работы является оценка состояния льноводства в Российской Федерации в целом и в отдельных льносеющих регионах, выявление текущих проблем в отрасли, изучение программ государственной поддержки льняного комплекса и определение возможностей для его развития. В процессе исследования использовался широкий спектр аналитических методов изучения экономических явлений – монографический, статистический и другие. Особое внимание уделялось сопоставимости показателей для анализа динамики изучаемых процессов. Для России лён-долгунец – важнейшая техническая культура, максимально адаптированная к её почвенно-климатическим условиям, позволяющая в значительной мере обеспечить импортозамещение хлопка. Основная задача, стоящая перед льняной отраслью сегодня – создание надёжной отечественной сырьевой базы для льноперерабатывающих предприятий. От её решения зависит экономическая и стратегическая безопасность страны, которая определяется необходимостью наличия отлаженного производства отечественного волокнистого сырья и продуктов его переработки гражданского и оборонного назначения. Исследования показали, что реализуемые меры по поддержке отрасли на федеральном и региональном уровнях положительно влияют на её состояние, но пока не могут обеспечить высокую эффективность производства. Валовые сборы льноволокна не растут и стабилизировались на уровне 40 тыс. тонн, а площади посева льна-долгунца не достигают и 50 тыс. гектаров. Низким остаётся и качество льнопродукции. В условиях высокой затратности производства льнопродукции, диспаритета цен, недостаточного уровня инвестиций рентабельность производства льнопродукции довольно низка. Важными и актуальными задачами в развитии льняной отрасли являются увеличение объёмов и эффективности производства льна, повышение качества волокнистой и семенной продукции, техническая и технологическая модернизация льноводства. Поэтому, наряду с действующими программами (льготное кредитование, лизинг техники, субсидирование затрат), необходима разработка целевой комплексной программы «Развитие льняного подкомплекса региона», охватывающей не только сельскохозяйственных товаропроизводителей, но и предприятия перерабатывающей и лёгкой промышленности. The purpose of this work is to assess the state of flax cultivation in the Russian Federation as a whole and in certain flax-sowing regions, to identify current problems in the industry, to study state support programs for the flax complex and to determine opportunities for its development. A wide range of analytical methods for studying economic phenomena – monographic, statistical and others was used in the research process. Particular attention was paid to the comparability of indicators for the analysis of the dynamics of the studied processes. For Russia, the fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum) is the most important industrial crop adapted to its soil and climatic conditions as much as possible, which allows to significantly ensuring the import substitution of cotton. The main task facing the flax industry today is to create a reliable domestic raw material base for flax processing enterprises. The economic and strategic security of the country depends on its decision which is determined by the need for regular production of domestic fibrous raw materials and its derived products for civil and defense purposes. Researches have shown that the measures implemented to support the industry at the federal and regional levels positively affect its condition, but so far cannot ensure high production efficiency. Whole yields of flax fiber do not increase and have stabilized at the level of 40 thousand tons and the area of planting fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum) does not reach 50 thousand hectares. The quality of flax products remains low. In conditions of high cost of flax production, price disparity, insufficient level of investments, the profitability of flax production is rather low. Important and relevant tasks in the development of the flax industry are increasing the volume and efficiency of flax production, improving the quality of fibrous and seed products and technical and technological modernization of flax cultivation. Therefore, along with existing programs (easy credit terms, finance lease of equipment, subsidizing of costs) it is necessary to develop a targeted integral program "Development of the flax sub-complex of the region", covering not only agricultural commodity producers but also enterprises of the processing and light industries.

scholarly journals Bee Pollen as Oenological Tool to Carry out Red Winemaking in Warm Climate Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Amores-Arrocha ◽  
Pau Sancho-Galán ◽  
Ana Jiménez-Cantizano ◽  
Víctor Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Grape Must ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Grape Musts

Easily assimilated nitrogen, vitamins, fatty acids, and some minerals are some of the yeast nutrients that foster vinification processes. Additionally, some climatic, biological or cultural factors may induce variations in grape-must nutrient contents. The lack of easily assimilated nitrogen by Saccharomyces cereivisiae yeast has been proven to be the main cause of poor or inadequate alcoholic fermentation. On the other hand, the use of bee pollen during the alcoholic fermentation of white grape-musts has shown a positive effect on both the fermentation kinetics and the quality of final wines. Thus, it has been proposed as a nutrient-activator for the vinification of Tintilla de Rota grape-musts. In this study, the kinetics of the alcoholic and malolactic fermentation of grapes-musts/wines, yeast populations, and assimilable nitrogen consumption and physicochemical properties of the wines were monitored. The results showed an improvement in fermentation kinetics when bee pollen was present, in comparison to the control samples. Bee pollen is associated with an increment in easily assimilated nitrogen grape-must content. It was also been noticed that lower pollen doses (0.1 and 0.25 g/L) did not alter the physicochemical and color parameters of the grape-musts and the final wines. All of these facts suggest that bee pollen could be used as a beneficial activator-nutrient for some of the processes involved in the production of red wines.

MODELING OF THE GRINDING PROCESS BY MICRO-CUTTING SINGLE ABRASIVE GRAINS. PART 3. FORMATION OF RIS-GROOVES

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Zubarev ◽  
A. V. Priemyshev
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Quality ◽  
Micro Cutting ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Machine Parts ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Cutting Speeds

When grinding on the processed surface of the workpieces of machine parts, a set of RIS-grooves is formed from the action of the vertices of the cutting abrasive grains of the circle. These risks mainly determine the roughness parameters of the treated surface and its physical and mechanical properties. The article presents the results of research of the micro-cutting process of different steels with different abrasive grains in a wide range of cutting speeds. It is shown that increasing the cutting speed during grinding has a positive effect on improving the metal quality of the surface layer of parts.

scholarly journals Seasonal Effects on Starch Contents Evaluated in Cassava Roots

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Genilso Gomes de Proença ◽  
Carla Adriana Pizarro Schmidt ◽  
José Airton Azevedo dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Product Delivery ◽  
Root Starch

Starches have a wide range of uses and their consumption has increased over the years, resulting in a growth in the agro-industries that produce them. Cassava is a very important plant for agri-business and one of the main products obtained from its roots is starch. Although cassava can be harvested throughout the year, its quality varies greatly through the seasons; this is because it is influenced by soil and climatic factors, as well as the genetic characteristics of the species. These influences result in seasonal oscillations in root classification based on the starch content available at the time of product delivery. Faced with this problem, the objective of this study was the collection and evaluation of documentary data for 3 years of product quality samples. This was done in order to observe the situation and propose tools that can minimize problems resulting from the quality of raw material received by starch producers throughout the year. It was observed that in the winter period there was an increase in root starch content, despite the differences between the months not being statistically significantly, they are financially representative of this agro-industry sector. At the end of the study, a proposal for a methodology for calculating payment per gram of starch is presented in order to minimize the problem.

scholarly journals Kualitas Papan Partikel Dari Pelepah Nipah dengan Perekat Asam Sitrat dan Sukrosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Mahdi Santoso ◽  
Ragil Widyorini ◽  
Tibertus Agus Prayitno ◽  
Joko Sulistyo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Binding Agents ◽  
Press Time ◽  
Positive Effect

Penggunaan perekat alami dan bahan baku non kayu dalam pembuatan papan partikel masih sangat terbatas. Sukrosa dan asam sitrat adalah dua bahan alami yang potensial sebagai perekat alami pengganti perekat sintetik berbasis formaldehida. Nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) merupakan bahan non kayu yang potensial dijadikan alternatif bahan baku papan partikel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas papan partikel pelepah nipah yang direkat dengan sukrosa/asam sitrat (100/0, 87,5/12,5 dan 75/25). Papan partikel yang dibuat berukuran 25 cm × 25 cm × 1 cm, target kerapatan 0,8 g/cm3. Variabel perekatan antara lain jumlah perekat 20%, waktu kempa 10 menit, suhu kempa 180°C dan tekanan spesifik 3,6 MPa. Sifat fisika dan mekanika papan partikel diuji berdasarkan standar JIS A 5908:2003, kekasaran permukaan diukur menggunakan metode yang dilakukan oleh Hiziroglu (1996). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan asam sitrat terhadap sukrosa berpengaruh positif terhadap sebagian besar sifat papan partikel pelepah nipah. Papan partikel pelepah nipah dengan perekat sukrosa/asam sitrat 87,5/12,5 mampu memberikan hasil terbaik dengan memenuhi standar JIS A 5908:2003. Karakteristik papan partikel tersebut adalah kerapatan 0,89 g/cm3, kadar air 10,21%, pengembangan tebal 2,45%, penyerapan air 23,55%, kekasaran permukaan 5,13 μm, keteguhan rekat internal 0,39 MPa, keteguhan patah 9,80 MPa dan keteguhan elastisitas 3,19 GPa.Kata kunci: papan partikel, pelepah nipah, perekat alami, sukrosa, asam sitrat AbstractUtilization of natural binder for non-wood composite is still limited. Sucrose and citric acid are potential natural binding agents for composite products. Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) was non-wood materials which are potentially to be used as an alternative raw material for particleboards. This study aimed to determine the quality of the nipa frond particleboard bonded with sucrose/citric acid (100/0, 87.5/12.5 and 75/25). Particleboards were manufactured in 25 cm × 25 cm × 1 cm dimension, the target of density 0.8 g/cm3. The variables included resin content of 20%, press time of 10 m, pressing temperature of 180°C and specific pressure of 3.6 MPa. The physics and mechanics properties of particleboard were tested in accordance to standard JIS A 5908:2003 and surface roughness was measured by following the method performed by Hiziroglu (1996). The results showed that the addition of citric acid to sucrose give a positive effect on most of the properties of the nipa frond particleboards. The particleboard bonded with sucrose/citric acid 87.5/12.5 was able to provide the best results to meet the standards of JIS A 5908: 2003. Characteristics of the particleboard was a density of 0.89 g/cm, moisture content of 10.21%, thickness swelling of 2.45%, water absorption of 23.55%, surface roughness of 5.13 ìm, internal bonding of 0.39 MPa, modulus of rupture of 9.80 MPa and modulus of elasticity of 3.19 GPa.

scholarly journals Influence of curettage on Esca-diseased Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sauvignon blanc plants on the quality of musts and wines

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Émilie Bruez ◽  
Céline Cholet ◽  
Cécile Thibon ◽  
Pascaline Redon ◽  
Soizic Lacampagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Sensory Analyses ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Aim: A study on Sauvignon blanc (SB) cultivar in France showed that curettage had an effect on the resilience of GTD grapevines. No experiments, however, have been conducted on its effects on wine quality, particularly on white Sauvignon blanc cultivar wines.Methods and results: Grapevines from Sauvignon blanc cultivar that had expressed Esca-foliar symptoms were used for the study, with some of them having been curetted in 2014. Subsequently, bunches from Control (asymptomatic), Curetted and Esca-symptomatic vines were harvested in 2017 and 2018 in order to produce white wine. Technical and chemical results on both must and wine showed that wines from curetted plants were similar to those from asymptomatic vines. There were differences, however, for Esca-diseased vines, where the alcoholic fermentation of musts was faster than for the other modalities. Olfactometry results showed that, for the one-year-old 2017 vintage wines, no differences were detected, although they were for the 2018 vintage.Conclusion: The results of the chemical analyses and wine tasting showed that the wines from curetted and asymptomatic grapevines were similar, and that their quality was the same.Significance of the study: The quality of wines from curetted vines compared to asymptomatic ones was confirmed and validated through chemical and sensory analyses of the must and the one-year-old wines.

scholarly journals Reaction ability of alternative mineral dispersed materials as a tool for developing efficient road composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-288
Author(s):  
M. A. Vysotskaya ◽  
S. Yu. Shehovtsova ◽  
D. A. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
Pore Architecture ◽  
Wide Range

The avalanche-like growth of traffic intensity and freight traffic, the tightening of requirements for the quality of road clothes, the shortage of conditioned mineral raw materials in many regions of the Russian Federation prompt the construction materials science sector to search for new, promising methods for improving the quality of products. Road construction, one of the most material-intensive areas, is focused on maximizing the use of local, often non-conditioning materials, so composites made on their basis do not meet modern operational requirements. In this paper, a number of porous fine dispersed fillers have been investigated that could perform, on the one hand, the functions of a mineral powder, and on the other hand, serve as the carrier of a certain substance that regulates the properties of a road composite. The identification of the mechanism of interaction of mineral powders with bitumen was carried out by studying surface, physical-mechanical and chemical properties, as well as microstructural features and reactivity. It was found that the high porosity characteristic of fillers from perlite and zeolite is due to the highly developed pore architecture with the diameter of the entrance windows in a wide range. The study of the chemistry of the surface of a solid was carried out by evaluating the surface on which there are active centers due to the presence of hydroxyl groups and impurity centers. By the results of the experiment, it was found that an increase in the content of active sites on the surface of a mineral filler is directly proportional to its porosity. As a result of the conducted studies it was established that zeolites are the most promising raw material for organomineral composites. They have a developed specific surface, unique pore architecture, high structuring and adsorption capacity.

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