scholarly journals Frequency of species of the Genus Eimeria in naturally infected cattle in Southern Bahia, Northeast Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valter dos Anjos Almeida ◽  
Vanessa Carvalho Sampaio de Magalhães ◽  
Elza de Souza Muniz Neta ◽  
Alexandre Dias Munhoz
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Genus Eimeria

The aim of this study was to determine the presence of species of the genus Eimeria species in naturally infected bovines in Southern Bahia, Northeast Brazil. The study population comprised 117 Zebu crossbred cattle that belonged to 10 dairy herds with extensive or semi-extensive production systems. The modified Gordon and Whitlock technique was used to determine positive samples and number of oocysts per gram of feces. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test with Yates correction and a 95% confidence interval. Thirty-nine cattle (33.33%) were positive, and ten different species were identified in infected animals: E. bovis (24.79%); E. canadensis (8.55%); E. zuernii (6.83%); E. ellipsoidalis (5.99%); E. cylindrica (3.42%); E. auburnensis (3.42%); E. brasiliensis (2.56%); E. bukidnonensis (1.71%); E. alabamensis (0.85%), and E. subspherica (0.85%). Higher parasitism was observed in animals up to one year of age (p = 0.005), but no animal presented clinical signs of the disease. As the presence of clinical eimeriosis was not evidenced and all animals were Zebu crossbred cattle from extensive or semi-extensive production systems, further studies should be conducted to investigate the effects of these factors on disease development.

Avaliação da prevalência da perda precoce de molares decíduos na dentição mista

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (52) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Ana de Lourdes Sá de Lira ◽  
Cassius Wander Coelho Martins ◽  
Luis Paulo da Silva Dias ◽  
Tito Cacau Sousa Santos
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Space Maintainer ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Fixed Space ◽  
Deciduous Molar ◽  
One Year ◽  
Deciduous Molars ◽  
Lower Arch

Objective: To assess primary molars early loss in mixed dentition prevalence. Method: A study was carried out in children aged 6 to 12 years. Deciduous molar loss was considered early when it occurred before Nolla stage 6 (full formed crown) of the permanent successor or one year before its physiological exfoliation. Periapical radiographs were obtained to verify the presence of the permanent successor and the level of root formation, as well as the need for placement of fixed space maintainer lingual arch or Nance button. For the study of frequency distribution of early dental loss in relation to gender and dentition, we used the Chi-square test of 5% probability level and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for adequate statistical analysis. Results: Of the 315 children examined, 159 (50.47%) were male and 156 (49.52%) were female. Only 25 (7.9%) presented multiple dental losses in the posterior region, 19 in the lower arch and 6 in the upper arch. In the inferior one there was predominance of first and second deciduous molars loss. There was no difference in the association between genders and the occurrence of multiple dental losses (χ² (1) = 0.03, p>0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of deciduous teeth premature loss was of 7.9% and the most affected teeth were the first and second molars in the lower arch. Lingual arch space holders were installed in 6 children, who will remain with it until the permanent successors erupt into the oral cavity.

scholarly journals Clinical variables associated with disability in leprosy cases in northeast Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Santana Santos ◽  
Andressa Mayara Santos de Matos ◽  
Lorena Sheila Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Ligia Mara Dolce de Lemos ◽  
Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Disability ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Operational Classification ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy ◽  
Significant Factors

Introduction: The clinical outcomes of leprosy include complications such as physical disabilities and deformities that vary according to the degree of impairment of nerve trunks. Knowledge of the factors that lead to the development of these complications is important for disability prevention programs. This study aimed to evaluate clinical factors associated with the occurrence of physical disability in leprosy cases. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of 2,358 cases of leprosy in Aracaju, northeast Brazil, between 2001 and 2011. Analysis was done using the Chi-square test and logistic regression model. Results: Significant factors associated with disability were found to be male gender, having more than two affected nerves, multibacillary leprosy classification, leprosy reaction, and lepromatous leprosy. The multivariate analysis revealed that the associated factors included having more than two affected nerves, leprosy reaction (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36 to 3.01), the multibacillary form (aOR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.84 to 4.08), and lepromatous leprosy (aOR: 4.87, 95% CI: 2.86 to 16.08). Conclusions: The number of affected nerves, leprosy reaction, operational classification, and clinical presentation were identified as the main factors associated with the development of disability in leprosy patients.

scholarly journals Influence of apical foramen cleaning in the repair of periapical lesions

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (1/3) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Carolina Dos Santos Guimarães ◽  
Gerhilde Callou Sampaio ◽  
Élvia Barros de Almeida ◽  
Luciano Barreto Silva ◽  
Ana Paula Mourato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Periapical Lesion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
One Year

Introduction: The present study sought to assess the effect of apical foramen cleaning in the repair of periapical lesions detected by radiography. Methods: The sample comprised 980 teeth collected from 25 February 1997 to 15 March 2005 which had been subjected to endodontic treatment and exhibited radiographically visible periapical lesions. The sample was then divided into two groups: Group I, 402 root canal treatments in which cleaning of the apical foramen had not been performed, and Group II, composed of the remaining 578 root canal treatments where the procedure had been performed. After one year, the teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated. Results: In Group I, 360 canals (89.55%) had no evidence of periapical lesions, versus 521 (90.13%) in Group II. Partial presence of these lesions was observed in 23 canals (5.72%) in Group I versus 27 (4.67%) in Group II. No changes in images were observed in 19 (4.72%) canals in Group I and 30 in Group II. Pearson’s chi-square test showed no statistically significant difference between the Groups I and II (p = 0.732). Conclusions: These findings suggest that foramen cleaning is not a determinant of periapical lesion repair.

scholarly journals Study on prevalence of hypertension in gazetted officers

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Prakash Dudhani ◽  
Sanjay Khandekar
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Background: There was a strong correlation between increase in hypertension and changing lifestyle factors. The problem which lies with the hypertension is that it cannot be cured completely. And its management requires lifelong medication with some life-style modifications. Decreased physical activities coupled with increased mental tension are important contributors of hypertension. They are usually seen amongst employees of the profession where working is typically sedentary.  The main objectives were to study on prevalence of hypertension and risk factors among Government Gazetted officers of Maharashtra, India.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried among gazetted officers working in various departments of state Government for a period of one year in Solapur district. 355 Gazetted Government officers of class I & class II cadre were studied. Blood pressure was measured with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Chi-square test was applied to assess risk factors.Results: In present study, the prevalence of hypertension among Gazetted officers was observed 20.28%. There was significant positive association was found between age and prevalence of hypertension. And also it was found significantly higher in men than women. The association between education and hypertension found to be statistically significant (P<0.001), while there was no association between socioeconomic status and hypertension was found (P=0.33). Prevalence of hypertension was noted higher at every level of BMI. Prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in smokers, alcoholic and had significant association (P<0.05).Conclusions: We conclude that, because of high prevalence of hypertension in Gazetted officers, periodically they should be screened for the same.

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL BERDASARKAN PERILAKU BELAJAR TERHADAP IPK

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Mellyna Eka Yan Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The People ◽  
Multinomial Logit Regression ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year

<p><em>The industrial revolution 4.0 is currently affects the lifestyles of the people, especially students. This relates to student achievement that can be seen from the results of learning achievements through the GPA. This study aims to determine to analyze the effect of learning behavior on the GPA scores. And then find out whether there are differences in student learning behavior using social media based on the GPA. The sample was taken about 300 college students in Padang City whose social media account for at least one year. The results, from the multinomial logit regression analysis, there is no effect of learning behavior on the GPA score, and from the Crosstab analysis with the Chi-Square test that there is no difference in student learning behavior using social media based on the GPA score. It is hoped that these results can be used for further research for universities in educating and creating graduates, who excel despite being active in using social media. The expected this result can be used for further study for universities in education and creating the excellence graduates although they use social media.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Revolusi industri 4.0 yang berjalan saat ini mempengaruhi gaya hidup masyarakat terutama mahasiswa. Hal ini berkaitan dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa yang dapat dilihat dari hasil capaian belajar melalui nilai IPK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku belajar yaitu mengikuti pelajaran, membaca buku, mengunjungi perpustakaan/mencari referensi, dan menghadapi ujian terhadap nilai IPK yang dukelompokkan atas memuaskan, sangat memuaskan dan dengan pujian. Dan selanjutnya mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan perilaku belajar mahasiswa yang menggunakan media sosial tersebut berdasarkan IPK. Sampel yang dipilih sebanyak 300 mahasiswa perguruan tinggi kota Padang dengan batasan sudah memiliki akun media sosial minimal selama satu tahun. Hasil analisis regresi multinomial logit bahwa tidak ada pengaruh perilaku belajar terhadap nilai IPK dan dari hasil analisis <em>Crosstab</em> dengan uji <em>Chi-Square</em> bahwa tidak ada perbedaan perilaku belajar mahasiswa yang menggunakan media sosial berdasarkan nilai IPK. Diharapkan hasil ini dapat digunakan untuk penelitian lanjutan bagi perguruan tinggi dalam mendidik dan menciptakan lulusan yang berprestasi walaupun aktif dalam menggunakan media sosial.</em></p>

Occurrence of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle in Kaduna metropolis and its environs

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
A. T. Tinau ◽  
I. K. Alhabib ◽  
A. G. Bala ◽  
B. Usman
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Tuberculin Reaction ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Test Of Significance ◽  
Tuberculin Tests

The tedious nature of tuberculin tests in Nigeria, warrants the need for an alternative rapid animal-side means of diagnosis. The aim of this study was to provide information on the epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the occurrence of M. bovis infection in cattle in Kaduna metropolis and it's environ. A total 239 heads of cattle from 8 herds were randomly selected and tuberculin tested, two herds being from each of the four local government areas involved and pooled milk samples from the eight herds were tested for acid fastness. Also, all heads of cattle totaling 2978 slaughtered at the 2 abattoirs during the month of May, 2012 were examined at postmortem and tissues with lesions compatible with lesions of were collected and tested for acid fastness. The results of the experiment showed that only 23 (9.6%) of the animals tested were classified as reactors and these came from only one of the eight herds studied. A clear swelling was seen in each of the positive cases. Out of the eight herds tested, 6 (75%) were settled and the remaining 2 (25%) were semi- settled. Similarly, 6 (75%) of the herds were for mixed production system and 2(25%) were kept solely as dairy herds. Positive tuberculin test was only observed from among one of the six settled herds 1(17%) while cattle in the remaining 5(83%} settled herds all tested negative. All the two semi-settled herds (100%) tested negative. The tuberculin reaction among different production systems showed that only 1 (50%) of the dairy herds tested positive and all the 6 (100%) mixed herds tested negative. Atuberculin positive reaction of 19 (7.9%) was observed among the females and 4 (1.67%) among the males. The chi-square test of significance between the tuberculin reaction and sex of the animals showed no significant effect (P > 0.05). Hence, it can be concluded that, Mycobacterium bovis was neither cultured nor isolated and therefore, could not be confirmed responsible for the observed reactions. However, its involvement is strongly suggested by both its higher values compared to those for Mycobacterium avium in the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test and the observed in the stained smears of both the milk samples collected and the bovine tissues from the abattoirs.

scholarly journals Anticorpos anti-toxoplasma gondii em gatos domiciliados no Município de Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraia Figueiredo de Souza ◽  
Luciana Dos Santos Medeiros ◽  
Adriane De Souza Belfort ◽  
Andrey Luiz Lopes Cordeiro ◽  
Michelle Federle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Blood samples were collected from 89 cats to assess the prevalence of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and the possible risk factors associated with feline Toxoplasma gondii infection. An epidemiological questionnaire was developed and implemented for owners of domestic cats domiciled in Rio Branco, Acre. The results were statistically evaluated with the odds ratio and chi-square tests, considering the significance level of 5%. Of 89 animals’ samples, 22 had antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. Among the 22 reactive animals, 15 (68.19%) were female, 15 (68.19%) were less than one year old and 20 (90%) were cross breed. Concerning risk factors, there was no difference (p > 0.05) between the variables evaluated by the chi-square test. Moreover, 16 (72%) cats were fed a mixed diet, 20 (90%) of the cats had hunting habits, 18 (81%) had contact with animals of another species, 11 (50%) had access to the street, and 22 (95%) lived in homes that had areas of grass or dirt. In conclusion, the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii in domestic cats was 22.7%, and there were no significant risk factors for feline toxoplasmosis in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre.

scholarly journals Detection of Goat Digestive Tract Protozoa Through Feces Examination in Kwanyar Sub-District, Bangkalan District

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Meyreta Doti Alcaterana ◽  
Poedji Hastutiek ◽  
Nunuk Dyah Retno Lastuti ◽  
Endang Suprihati ◽  
Agus Sunarso
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
June July

This study aims to determine the prevalence and species of protozoa that infect the digestive tract of goats in Kwanyar Sub-District, Bangkalan District. This study was conducted in June-July 2019 with 100 samples of stool examination in the laboratory of the Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. On examination found two types of protozoa, which were: Eimeria sp and Blastocystis sp. The results of this study showed the prevalence of 48% digestive tract protozoa. The results of statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test showed significant differences in age under one year and over one year in goats (p <0.05).

scholarly journals FACTORS CAUSING RECURRENCE OF INFECTION IN THE CORNEAL GRAFT AFTER THERAPEUTIC PENETRATING KERATOPLASTY

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Rohit Rohit ◽  
Lokesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Corneal Graft ◽  
P Value ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year

Aim:-The aim of this study is to analyse the factors causing recurrence of infection in the corneal graft after therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty.Material and Methods:- This study was conducted at Upgraded Department of Ophthalmology, SVBPH,Meerut. This institution performs 120 keratoplasty procedures per year on an average. The study was conducted for a period of one year & 25 patients had reinfection and those who presented with reinfection constituted the sample size complete enumeration.The data thus obtained was compiled and analysed using Statistical Package for Social services (SPSS vs 20). The qualitative variables were analyzed by using frequencies and The qualitative variables were analyzed by using frequencies & percentages & chi square test was used as test of significance.The quantitative variables were presented as measures of central tendency and dispersion. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant Results Initial fungal etiology was the main risk factor for the recurrence of microbial keratitis after TPK in (24%) of the cases followed by persistent epithelial defects (16%),Initial bacterial etiology (12%), Lid abnormalities (8%) ,contact lens use (8%), Secondary ocular hypertension (8%), prior rejection episodes(8%), initial viral etiology (4%) ,peripheral ulcerative keratitis (8%) & suture related problems(4%). Conclusion:- .This study has shown that Fungal keratitis was the main reason for the initial TPK & initial Fungal aetiology was the main risk factor for the reinfection after TPK

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of a sub-lingual vaccine for prevention of exacerbations in COPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
P.D. Nadig ◽  
A. Haran ◽  
M. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Function Test ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Serious Adverse Event ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Background: Lower airway bacterial infection is one of the major cause for exacerbation inCOPD. Multicomponent vaccines derived from the various causative pathogens are shownto prevent the exacerbations.Aims and Objectives: The present study was carried out toevaluate the effi cacy of sublingual vaccine (Ismigen) in preventing the exacerbations inCOPD and to observe its tolerability.Materials and Methods: Twenty four COPD patientsmeeting the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study. Ismigen was administered once aday sublingually for ten days a month for three consecutive months. They were observed over one year for exacerbations, hospitalisations, respiratory symptoms, lung function tests and adverse reactions. The mean scores of the parameters in the previous year were compared with that of the year following treatment. Students t test and Chi- square test were used for analysis. Results: The mean number of exacerbations reduced from 6.79±3.51 to 2.67±1.90 (p<0.001) and the mean number of hospitalisations from 2.29±1.85 to 0.67±0.87 (p<0.001). There was no significant change in the respiratory symptom score and lung function test. Mild non-serious adverse event was reported by one patient.Conclusion: The results indicated that Ismigen could be an effective and well-tolerated add on therapy in COPD to reduce the frequency and severity of exacerbations.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11634 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 51-54

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