scholarly journals Trends in water borne diseases in Kerala: an analysis of directorate of health services portal data

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2381
Author(s):  
Soorya V. ◽  
Jishnu Raj ◽  
Anitha Kumari K. R.
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Trend Pattern ◽  
Water Borne

Background: Kerala faces high mortality-morbidity rates from water borne diseases. For the timely management of communicable diseases, understanding trends, pattern and seasonality of disease was important. The aim was to find out the trend, pattern and seasonal variation of water borne diseases in Kerala.Methods: Retrospective record based descriptive study was done to find out the trend and pattern of water borne diseases and to find out its seasonal variation in Kerala. Data from the DHS (directorate of health services) portal during 2011 to 2019 were collected and analyzed.Results: More than 97 percent of water borne diseases are due to diarrheal diseases but no death reported. A rising trend in diarrheal disease is observed. Typhoid, hepatitis A and cholera showed decreasing trend. Leptospirosis shared only 0.2 to 0.4 percent, but death rate was high. Malapuram tends to report most number of cases but percentage share was highest from Kozhikode in 2011. Palakkad reported highest number and Kottayam lowest among central districts. Among southern districts, Thiruvananthapuram reported highest number of cases and Pathanamthitta lowest. Malappuram showed declining trend among northern districts while least number of cases were reported from Wayand district. Seasonal variability was observed in 2011-2013 and 2018.Conclusions: Seasonal variation in occurrence of water borne diseases in rainy season is statistically significant when compared to winter season. Data on water borne disease other than diarrheal diseases is a matter of concern.

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge regarding Prevention and Management of Water Borne Diseases among mothers of under five Children in selected areas of Mehsana

2021 ◽  
pp. 381-383
Author(s):  
Manthankumar N. Kapadiya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors ◽  
Water Borne

A quantitative approach was used to assess the knowledge regarding prevention and management of water borne diseases among mothers of under five children. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the mothers of under five children for study.100 samples collected from selected areas of mehsana. The duration of data collection was 1 day. The results of the study revealed that majority of the study sample (58.63%) have average knowledge regarding water borne diseases, 71.5% of the study sample having knowledge about causes and risk factors of Water borne diseases, 68.22% of the study sample having knowledge about prevention of Water borne diseases and 70.36% of the study sample having knowledge about management of Water borne diseases.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of hepatitis A virus infection in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Melo VILLAR ◽  
Vanessa Salete DE PAULA ◽  
Ana Maria Coimbra GASPAR
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
National Reference Center ◽  
The City

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection constitutes a major public health problem in Brazil. The transmission of HAV is primarily by fecal-oral route so the water is an important vehicle of HAV dissemination. There is a great incidence of acute cases of hepatitis A in some areas of Brazil however the seasonal variation of these cases was not documented. The aim of this study was to determine the seasonality of HAV infection in Rio de Janeiro. From January 1999 to December 2001, 1731 blood samples were collected at the National Reference Center for Hepatitis Viruses in Brazil (NRCHV). These samples were tested by a commercial enzyme-immunoassay to detect anti-HAV IgM antibodies. Yearly positive rates were 33.74% in 1999, 32.19% in 2000, and 30.63% in 2001. A seasonal variation was recognized with the highest incidence in spring and summer. Furthermore a seasonal increase in incidence of HAV infection was found during the rainy season (December to March) because the index of rains is very high. It is concluded that HAV infections occur all year round with a peak during hot seasons with great number of rains.

scholarly journals Breast Feeding versus Formula Feeding and Diarrheal Diseases in Infants and Children- A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUH Begum
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Formula Feeding ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
In Infants And Children

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) emphasize the value of breastfeeding for mothers as well as children. Both recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Human breast milk is the healthiest form of milk for babies. Breastfeeding promotes health and helps to prevent diseases including diarrheal diseases. It contains all nutrients including antibodies (IgA),and lactoferrin, that potentially prevent infection and diarrhea in infants and children. Studies conducted in both developed and under developed nations have found that breast feeding is associated with significantly ( upto 64%) less diarrheal disease and the protective effect of breast feeding does not persist beyond two months after breast feeding is stopped. On the other hand, formula fed infants are found an upto 80% increased in the risk of developing diarrhea compared to breast fed infants and there is significantly more diarrheal disease in formula fed infants. Infection may be attributable to contamination of bottles, teats, milk, and food in infants who are not exclusively breastfed. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and there after complementary feedings while breastfeeding continues for up to two years of age or beyond, enthusiastic support and involvement from clinicians, obstetricians and pediatricians, are essential in “breastfeeding vs formula feeding” issue and to reduce incidence of diarrheal diseases in infants and children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21033 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 26-30

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in Essential Oils Composition and the Biological and Pharmaceutical Protective Effects of Mentha longifolia Leaves Grown in Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karama Zouari-Bouassida ◽  
Mohamed Trigui ◽  
Samar Makni ◽  
Lobna Jlaiel ◽  
Slim Tounsi
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Bacterial Strains

This research assessed the seasonal variation of the chemical composition and antibacterial and anticholinesterase activities of essential oils extracted from M. longifolia leaves. The leaves organic fractions were also investigated for their biological activities and pharmacological functions. The essential oil highest yield was recorded in the spring season. Pulegone (26.92%), 1.8 cineole (21.3 %), and L-menthone (10.66 %) were determined as its major compounds in the winter season. In the spring oil, the main components were pulegone (38.2 %) and oleic and palmitic acids (23.79 % and 15. 26 %, respectively). Oxygenated monoterpenes were predominant in the two analyzed samples. The tested oils and organic extracts exhibited promising antibacterial effects against all of the tested bacterial strains. Thanks to its richness in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, the ethyl acetate fraction (Ml EtOAcF) displayed the most active DPPH scavenging ability (IC50 =12.64 μg/ml) and an interesting β-carotene bleaching inhibition (IC50 =34.75 μg/ml) making it a potential candidate for anti-inflammatory evaluation on rats. This evaluation evidenced that M. longifolia pretreated rats showed a marked decrease in paw oedema and inflammatory cells. Additionally, a remarkable acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the Ml EtOAcF (IC50 = 12.3μg/ml) and essential oils were also observed suggesting their neuroprotective property against Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, it was found that its activity level was season dependent. Our investigation, therefore, clearly revealed the medicinal characteristics of M. longifolia leave indicating their potential uses for natural remedies.

scholarly journals Descriptive Study of Physiotherapy Services Used in the South Kalimantan Region in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maulida Wijaya Putri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
The South ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Therapy Manual

Health services, including physiotherapy services, are carried out in almost all health care facilities such as clinics, health centers, and hospitals. Physiotherapy services are one form of health services needed by the community. In order to provide physiotherapy services, physiotherapists can provide various types of modalities or physiotherapy services in the form of electro therapy, actino therapy, hydro therapy, manual therapy or exercise therapy. Almost all health care facilities in South Kalimantan have physiotherapy services, but there is no data on the number and types of physiotherapy services used by health care facilities in the South Kalimantan region. This study aims to determine the types of physiotherapy services that are widely used by health care facilities in South Kalimantan. This study uses a descriptive approach. Based on the results of the study, it was found that 35 respondents (67.3%) used electrotherapy very often and 30 respondents (57.7%) used actino therapy very often. These two types of physiotherapy services are the most widely used by health care facilities in the South Kalimantan region in 2020

scholarly journals Gestação em tempos de pandemia: percepção de mulheres

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Margarete Maria de Lima ◽  
Clara De Andrade Leal ◽  
Roberta Costa ◽  
Maria De Fatima Motta Zampieri ◽  
Ariane Thaise Frello Roque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Exchange Information ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Education Nursing

O estudo objetiva conhecer a percepção de mulheres participantes de um grupo de gestantes e casais grávidos sobre a gestação em tempos de Covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo desenvolvida com 30 mulheres participantes de um Grupo de Gestantes e Casais Grávidos. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre março e junho de 2020 via formulário eletrônico. A análise de dados foi realizada qualitativamente com auxílio do software IramuteqⓇ. Os resultados mostraram que a vivência da gestação em tempos de pandemia fez emergir incertezas e inseguranças especialmente pelas dificuldades de acesso aos serviços de saúde e medidas impostas pelo isolamento social. O grupo de gestantes e casais grávidos como um espaço virtual e interdisciplinar é uma ferramenta que possibilitou troca de informações e experiências sobre a gestação, parto e puerpério, contribuindo para o enfrentar as incertezas do contexto da pandemia.Descritores: Gestantes, Educação em Saúde, Enfermagem, Coronavirus. Pregnancy in pandemic times: perception of womenAbstract: This study aims to understand the perception of women participating in a group of pregnant women and couples about experiencing pregnancy during the Covid-19 pandemic. This is a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study developed with 30 women participating in a Group of Pregnant Women and Pregnant Couples. Data collection was carried out between March and June 2020 via electronic form. Data analysis was performed qualitatively with the aid of the IramuteqⓇ software. The results showed that the experience of pregnancy during the pandemic caused the emergence of uncertainties and insecurities, especially due to difficulties in accessing health services and because of measures imposed by social isolation. The group of pregnant women and pregnant couples as a virtual and interdisciplinary space is a tool that made it possible to exchange information and experiences on pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium, contributing to face the uncertainties in the context of the pandemic.Descriptors: Pregnant Women, Health Education, Nursing, Coronavirus. El embarazo en tiempos de pandemia: percepción de las mujeresResumen: El estudio tiene como objetivo comprender la percepción de las mujeres que participan en un Grupo de Gestantes y Parejas Embarazadas sobre el embarazo en tiempos de Covid-19. Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo desarrollado con 30 mujeres participantes de un Grupo de Gestante y Parejas Embarazadas. La recolección de datos se realizó entre marzo y junio de 2020 a través de formulario electrónico. Los datos fueron analizados de forma cualitativa con el software IramuteqⓇ. Los resultados mostraron que la experiencia del embarazo en tiempos de pandemia lo hizo aparecer incertidumbre e inseguridad, especialmente por las dificultades para acceder a los servicios de salud y las medidas impuestas por el aislamiento social. El grupo de gestantes y parejas embarazadas como espacio virtual e interdisciplinario es una herramienta que posibilitó el intercambio de información y experiencias sobre el embarazo, el parto y el puerperio, contribuyendo a enfrentar las incertidumbres en el contexto de la pandemia.Descriptores: Mujeres Embarazadas, Educación en Salud, Enfermería, Coronavirus.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Indicators Gross Death Rate And Net Death Rate In Waled General Hospital Cirebon District

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Reza Noviar ◽  
Jaenudin ◽  
Loura Weryco Latupeirissa
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
A Value ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Quality Of Health Services ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Ideal Limit ◽  
The Ideal

Based on preliminary studies conducted at Waled General Hospital the value of GDR and NDR has increased beyond the ideal standard set by the Ministry of Health, namely for GDR = ≤ 45 ‰ and for NDR = ≤ 25 ‰. The GDR in 2013 was 49.95 ‰, and in 2014 it was 61.10 ‰, while the NDR in 2013 was 19.71 ‰, and in 2014 it was 24.30 ‰. The results of the 2013 and 2014 calculations show the value of the GDR and NDR indicator numbers getting higher year after year. This type of research is a descriptive study. The method used is the observation method. The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of GDR and NDR calculations. Data collection procedures in this study by recording the results of monthly recapitulation of inpatient visits about GDR and NDR in 2013-2017. The population and sample in this study were GDR and NDR records from 2013 to 2017. The time of the study was conducted on 28 July 2018 in Waled County General Hospital. From the observations obtained the value of GDR and NDR in 2013-2017 tends to increase and decrease beyond the ideal limit that has been set. The lowest NDR was in 2013 with a value of 19.71 ‰, and the highest in 2015 with a value of 27.60 ‰. The lowest GDR was in 2013 with a value of 49.95 ‰, while the highest GDR was in 2016 with a value of 64.43 ‰. From the results of the study it is suggested that it is necessary to carry out medical audits and in-depth interventions regarding the improvement of GDR and NDR indicators and graph the GDR and NDR, so that they can always monitor the rise or fall of these indicator numbers, and for planning efforts to improve the quality of health services.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF HEPATITIS A IN PATIENTS ATTENDING JNIMS HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Dr. Dayananda Ingudam
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Dysfunction ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Common Cause

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis. It causes severe, often fatal disease in adults especially in those with underlying liver dysfunction but is mostly asymptomatic in children. The present study was conducted with the aimed to nd the prevalence and seasonal variation of HAVinfection in patients attending JNIMS hospital. METHODOLOGY:Across sectional hospital based study was conducted in the department of Microbiology, JNIMS, Imphal, Manipur. Rapid immunochromatographic assay was performed for the detection of IgM antibody to HAVin human serum. RESULTS: Out of the 84 serum samples 20(23.80%) was found to be positive for hepatitis IgM, of which 11 (55%) were found in males and 9(45%) were found in females. A seasonal increase in incidence of HAV infection was found during the rainy season of January – March (50%) and April – June (35%). CONCLUSION: The global seroepidemiology of hepatitis A is changing in many developing nations giving rise to unique non immune adolescent and adult populations emerging in endemic regions thereby conferring a risk of developing severe hepatitis A. Hence, nding the prevalence, seasonal variation and timely detection of HAVinfection will help in minimising the development of further complication

scholarly journals Rural Health Response and Community Preparedness for the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Nita Arisanti ◽  
Trevino A Pakasi ◽  
Syarhan Syarhan
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

Covid-19  is  a  highly  contagious  disease  and  has  infected more than seven million people worldwide. Deaths due to this  disease  have  reached  418,000  deaths  in  June  2020.1 Based on data from the Indonesian Covid-19 Task Force, there were 172,053 cumulative cases with a death rate of 4.3% in Indonesia up to August 30, 2020.Indonesia  is  an  archipelago  country  which  has  different geographical  characteristics. Currently,  access  to  basic healthcare  and  quality  of  basic  health  services  has  not reached  all  regions,  especially  those  in  underdeveloped, remote  and  archipelago  areas. Health  problems  in  rural areas become a concern for Indonesian government. This is because around 43% of people live in rural areas or around 116  million  people.  Government  should pay  attention  to rural  health  problems  as  well  as  urban  health.  Likewise, during  the Covid-19  pandemic  rural  area  will  face  same problems to Covid-19. 

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