scholarly journals A study to assess knowledge of mothers’ of under-five children regarding PEM in field practice areas of a tertiary health care teaching hospital from Hyderabad

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1355
Author(s):  
Varun Vijay Gaiki ◽  
Venkartamana K. Sonkar
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Point System ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
The Times

Background: Despite of starting nutritional programs early into the life of country, India has not been able to control the status of malnutrition. Mothers being in close contact and primary care takers most of the times, directly influence health of the child.Methods: This community based descriptive study was conducted with systematic random sampling and a unique tool developed to assess maternal knowledge on PEM having 30 point system was used to grade knowledge into 3 categories of low knowledge, intermediate knowledge and high knowledge of PEM.Results: There was significant association observed in maternal educational status, educational status of family and with increase in maternal age.Conclusions: With strengthening of policies for development of maternal education and income, and delaying average age at marriage and subsequently age at pregnancy, knowledge of mothers can be increased resulting in reducing prevalence of malnutrition in community.

Graphic design practice of an image for the Chinese character for "鼓 Drum"

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
POHSUN WANG
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
Chinese Character ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Times

Basic shape is one of the most important components of the learning design process. Using Western design thinking to understand shape, color and composition layout and attempting to reinterpret the application of traditional calligraphy from a design point of view—whether it is the expression of form or the meaning of content—are both important aspects of design thinking. The writing patterns of traditional calligraphy and the design creation of modern experiments may have different biases. If the artistic value of "the brush and ink of the time" is compared to the science and technology of innovation as the main appeal, the expressiveness of the traditional writing mode is obviously difficult to achieve. Using science and technology as an option for design creation is a difficult way to proceed; however, technology, ideas and thinking can still be in sync with the cultural issues of an entire era. This is also the test of the times to which contemporary creations are subjected. There are infinite possibilities for development, and it is worthwhile to explore these possibilities together with artistic aspirants. On the other hand, if we follow the well-beaten path of the status quo, the creativity of traditional calligraphic art will wither, it will deviate from the larger environment of the era in which it operates, and it will inevitably be neglected and pushed out by other art categories. The design and creation process uses the traditional calligraphy characters and drums as the theme, assisted by digital tools in the creation, and finally transforms the traditional calligraphy visual form into an expression of the art of science and technology.

scholarly journals Evidence from 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data: association between post health education maternal knowledge and neonatal danger signs

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Wudu Kassaw ◽  
Ayele Mamo Abebe ◽  
Biruk Beletew Abate ◽  
Seteamlak Adane Masresha ◽  
Ayelign Mengesha Kassie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Health Survey Data

Abstract Background Globally, 4 million infants die in their first 4weeks of life every year; above 8 million infants died before their first year of birthday, and nearly 10 million children died before their 5th birthday. Majority of the deaths were occurred at home because of not receiving health care. In Ethiopia, 120,000 infants died during their first 4 weeks of life. The aim of this study was to assess maternal knowledge about neonatal danger signs and its associations after they had been thought by health professionals in Ethiopia. Methods This study used the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data (EDHS) as a data source. The 2016 EDHS data were collected using a two stage sampling method. All the regions were stratified into urban and rural areas. The study sample taken from the 2016 EDHS data and used in this further analysis was 325. A logistic regression model was used to assess the associations with post health education maternal knowledge on neonatal danger signs. Results In this study, mothers who had poor knowledge about neonatal danger signs (NDS) were 69.8 % (227) (95 %CI (64.8, 74.8 %). In the final logistic model, wanted no more child ((AOR = 4.15), (95 %CI = 1.12, 15.41)), female child ((AOR = 0.58), (95 %CI = 0.34, 0.98)), primary level maternal education ((AOR = 0.42), (95 %CI = 0.19, 0.92)), secondary level maternal education ((AOR = 0.37), (95 %CI = 0.16, 0.91)), and average size of child ((AOR = 2.64), (95 %CI = 1.26, 5.53)), and small size child ((AOR = 4.53), (95 %CI = 1.52, 13.51)) associated with post health education maternal knowledge about NDS. Conclusion The mothers’ knowledge about NDS is poor even they were gave a birth in health facilities. Wanting of additional child, child sex, maternal education and size of child were associated with NDS knowledge. This indicates that the mode of health education provided for mother might not be appropriate and needs protocol changes.

Determinants of Face Mask Utilization to Prevent Covid-19 Pandemic among Quarantined Adults in Tigrai Region, Northern Ethiopia, 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110132
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Haftom ◽  
Pammla M. Petrucka
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Vital Component ◽  
Study Participants

A face mask is a vital component of personal protective equipment to prevent potentially contagious respiratory infections. There was a lack of evidence showing the proportion and determinants of face mask use in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to identify face mask utilization determinants to prevent spread of the Covid-19 pandemic among quarantined adults in Tigrai region, northern Ethiopia. A total of 331 participants selected using a systematic random sampling method were included in the study. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed. After describing the variables using frequencies, means, and standard deviations, multivariable logistic regression determined factors associated with face mask utilization to prevent COVID-19 spread. The study participants were primarily males (70%) and mean age was 30.5 ( SD = 11) years. Nearly half of the participants reported they did not wear a face mask when leaving home. Face mask utilization was significantly associated with knowledge score, employment status, gender, age, and educational status of the study participants.

Psychological impact on people Due to Pandemic of Covid-19 in selected Areas of Mumbai

2021 ◽  
pp. 541-551
Author(s):  
Christine Michael
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as an illness caused by a novel coronavirus, now called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; formerly called 2019-nCoV). COVID-19 is an emerging respiratory infection that was first discovered in December 2019, in Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China.1 The 2019-nCoV has close similarity to bat coronaviruses, and it has been postulated that bats are the primary source. While the origin of the 2019-nCoV is still being investigated, current evidence suggests spread to humans occurred via transmission from wild animals illegally sold in the Huainan Seafood Wholesale Market.2 SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the larger family of ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses, leading to infections, from the common cold, to more serious diseases, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV).1 The main symptoms of COVID-19 have been identified as fever, dry cough, fatigue, myalgia, shortness of breath, and dyspnoea.1 COVID-19 is characterized by rapid transmission, and can occur by close contact with an infected person.1 COVID-19 has spread widely and rapidly, from Wuhan city, to other parts of the world, threatening the lives of many people 1. By the end of January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a public health emergency of international concern and called for the collaborative effort of all countries, to prevent its rapid spread. Later, the WHO declared COVID-19 a “global pandemic” 1. It is mainly transmitted through respiratory and close contact, which leads to the phenomenon of clustering infection in families and hospitals. Because of the sudden nature of the outbreak and the infectious power of the virus, it will inevitably cause people anxiety, depression and other stress reactions.3 It is necessary to understand and investigate the public psychological states during this tumultuous time.3 The results of the survey are of great practical significance to the information provision, cognition, behavior guidance and psychological support of governments at all levels.3 Understanding and investigating the public psychological states during this tumultuous time is of practical significance.3 Social and family attention and mental health support are essential. 3However, we think that the psychological impact of this pandemic like stress and anxiety among the general population is also a grave concern. Hence, this study attempted to find the psychological impact of COVID 19 on people in selected areas in Mumbai. Objectives: (1) To assess the psychological impact on people due to the pandemic of COVID-19 (2) To find the association between psychological impact and their selected demographic variables (age, gender, religion, marital status, educational status, occupation, family type, income, area of residence, and housing type). Review of literature: 3 sections (1) Studies related to psychological impact of COVID 19 on general population (2) Studies related to psychological impact of COVID 19 on health professionals (3) Studies related to psychological impact of COVID 19 on students. The Conceptual framework for the study was based on Health Promotion Model. Methodology: The Research Design used was descriptive study. The sample size was 200 people from selected areas of Mumbai. The samples were selected by using snow ball method. The data were collected by using self- administered 4 point Likert scale which was developed by the investigators. The tool was validated by 5 experts. Reliability was established by split half method. (r = 0.8). The main study was conducted in selected areas of Mumbai. The data collected were tabulated, analysed and interpreted using statistical test such as chi square. Findings of the study: The findings of the study revealed that there was severe psychological impact due to the pandemic of COVID-19 among the people. There was no significant association between psychological impact and age, sex, religion, marital status, family type, income, area of residence, and housing type except educational status and occupation which were significant (chi square values 21.03) for the psychological impact on the people and the rest of the demographic variables are found to be non-significant. Conclusion: The study concluded by stating the fact that, the psychological impact of people due to the pandemic of covid-19 was severe. The findings, recommendation and conclusion were stated adequately.

scholarly journals Aristocratic libraries in Slovakia – status, research, history

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-441
Author(s):  
Michaela Sibylová
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research History ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times

The author has divided her article into two parts. The first part describes the status and research of aristocratic libraries in Slovakia. For a certain period of time, these libraries occupied an underappreciated place in the history of book culture in Slovakia. The socialist ideology of the ruling regime allowed their collections (with a few exceptions) to be merged with those of public libraries and archives. The author describes the events that affected these libraries during and particularly after the end of World War II and which had an adverse impact on the current disarrayed state and level of research. Over the past decades, there has been increased interest in the history of aristocratic libraries, as evidenced by multiple scientific conferences, exhibitions and publications. The second part of the article is devoted to a brief history of the best-known aristocratic libraries that were founded and operated in the territory of today’s Slovakia. From the times of humanism, there are the book collections of the Thurzó family and the Zay family, leading Austro-Hungarian noble families and the library of the bishop of Nitra, Zakariás Mossóczy. An example of a Baroque library is the Pálffy Library at Červený Kameň Castle. The Enlightenment period is represented by the Andrássy family libraries in the Betliar manor and the Apponyi family in Oponice. 

scholarly journals The trend of full vaccination coverage in infants and inequalities by wealth quintile and maternal education: Analysis from four recent Demographic and Health Surveys in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Acharya ◽  
Yuba Raj Paudel ◽  
Dinesh Dharel
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
Index Of Inequality ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Despite policy intention to reach disadvantaged populations, inequalities in child health care use and health outcomes persist in Nepal. The current study aimed to investigate the trend of full vaccination coverage among infants and its equity gaps between Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) 2001 and 2016.Methods Using data from NDHS conducted in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016, we investigated the trend of coverage of six antigens:Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG), Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus (DPT), Polio, and Measles during their infancy among children aged 12-23 months. We presented trends and correlates of vaccination coverage by different socio-demographic factors. We measured inequalities in full vaccination coverage by wealth quintile and maternal education using absolute measure (slope index of inequality) and relative measures (Relative index of inequality, concentration index) of inequalities.Results Full immunization coverage among infants steadily increased from 65.6% in 2001 to 87.0% in 2011; however, it decreased to 77.8% in 2016. Province 2 had a significantly lower full vaccination coverage compared to Province1.Although decreasing over time, there were significant inequalities by household wealth quintiles and maternal educational status. The slope index of inequality (SII) for wealth quintiles decreased from -32.3 [-45.5,-19.1] in 2001 to an SII of-8.4 [-18.6,-1.7] in 2016. Similarly, the SII for education decreased from -61.8 [-73.5,-50.1] in 2001 to an SII of -30.5 [-40.7,-20.2] in 2016. Similarly, the relative index of inequality (RII) also showed an improvement over time, indicating the narrowing equity gap. Additionally, concentration index on full immunization coverage by wealth quintiles dropped from 0.21 (0.12-0.28) in 2001 to 0.054 (-0.01-0.12) in 2016. Absolute and relative inequalities were persistently larger by maternal educational status compared to household wealth quintiles throughout the study period.Conclusion Full vaccination coverage in Nepal increased from 2001 until 2011 but saw a significant decrement away from the national target after 2011. However, the equity gap by household wealth quintile and maternal education status has narrowed over time. National Immunization programs need to give higher emphasis to infants born to mothers with less education, those born in the poorer wealth quintile households, and those living in Province 2.

scholarly journals Kontekstualisasi Al-Qur’an Dan Pancasila Melalui Penguatan Muslim HUB Sebagai Pola Alternatif Dalam Menghadapi Industri 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akrom Adabi ◽  
Neny Muthi'atul Awwaliyah
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spirit Of Capitalism ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Holy Book

AbstractThe Qur’an, which has the status of a Muslim holy book, is experiencing "alienation" because it is considered unable to make practical contributions to various new challenges that arise. Al-Qur’an and Pancasila, which are the two important handles of Indonesian Muslims, are expected to not only keep up with the times. More than that, the al-Qur’an and Pancasila must really be able to fill the void and give an active role through its values, to bring the progress of Indonesia with a distinctive personality in the face of the Industrial 4.0 era. This paper tries to review the strengthening of Muslim Hub as a strategy in dealing with Industry 4.0 through contextualization of the values of the Koran and Pancasila. This study uses Max Weber's theory of Protestant ethics. In a book entitled The Protestant Ethics and Spirit of Capitalism, Weber has done a thorough analysis of the relationship between capitalism and religion. AbstrakAl-Qur’an dan Pancasila harus betul-betul mampu mengisi kekosongan dan memberi peran aktif melalui nilai-nilainya, untuk membawa kemajuan Indonesia dengan kepribadian yang khas dalam menghadapi era Industri 4.0. Tulisan ini mencoba mengulas seputar penguatan muslim hub sebagai strategi dalam menghadapi Industri 4.0 melalui kontekstualisasi nilai al-Qur’an dan Pancasila. Dalam penelitian ini ada dua bukti empiris yang pertama order monastic, dimana orang saleh ternyata juga memiliki prestasi yang gemilang dari sisi material. Kedua sekte protestan yang memiliki prestasi yang gemilang dalam fase awal munculnya kapitalisme modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Max Weber tentang etika Protestan. Dalam buku yang berjudul The Protestan Ethics and Spirit of Capitalism, Weber telah melakukan analisa yang mendalam mengenai relasi kapitalisme dan keagamaan yang menunjukkan betapa agama memiliki pengaruh kuat dalam pembentukan karakter pemeluknya. Jika ditarik ke kajian yang lebih luas, maka ideologi memiliki peran kuat dalam mempengaruhi perilaku pengikutnya, baik ideologi keagamaan maupun ideologi kenegaraan. Kata Kunci: Kontekstualisasi, Al-Qur’an, Pancasila, Industri 4.0.

scholarly journals Determinants of minimum acceptable diet among young children in an urban slum: a community-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Kavita Kunhipurayil ◽  
Manissha Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Child health and growth deteriorate as a result of inadequate quantities and frequencies of complementary feeding.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in urban field practice area of a tertiary medical college hospital among 280 children by systematic random sampling method. Children belonging to 12-23 months were included while sick child, children whose mother/guardian did not give consent were excluded.Results: The proportion of children who met the minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and minimum meal frequency (MMF) were 52.8 % (95% CI) and 52% (95% CI), respectively. Out of 280 children, 90 i.e. (32.1 %) children had achieved the recommended Minimum acceptable diet (MAD). Maternal education (Chi square value=11.2; CI 95%); socioeconomic status (Chi square value=57.4; CI 95%) were positively associated with dietary diversity. Higher percentage of male children (44.8 %) achieved minimum acceptable diet as compared to female children (20.5%); (chi square value=18.8, CI 95%). The percentage of children receiving MDD and MMF was more among children of higher socioeconomic class (p value 0.0001) and from nuclear family (p value=0.45). The birth order of the child was inversely related to the attainment of MAD. (p value=0.0001).Conclusions: Results of the study strongly suggest that poor dietary diversity and meal frequency is associated with numerous factors and their interplay is a multitude of combinations rather than a single cause.  

scholarly journals Maternal Knowledge on Routine Childhood Immunization: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study in Rural Area of Mon State, Myanmar

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Aung Zaw Htike ◽  
San San Myint Aung ◽  
Win Myint Oo
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Routine Childhood

Aims: To determine the knowledge on routine childhood immunization and the factors associated with it among mothers in rural area of Mon State, Myanmar during 2017. Study Design:  A community based cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Rural area of Mon State, Myanmar, between June and August 2017. Methodology: We included 302 mothers who had 18 to 23 months old children using multistage random sampling. Face-to-face interview was applied in data collection. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were utilized in data analysis. Results: More than three fourths of mothers (76.2%) had good knowledge level on routine childhood immunization. There was a significant association between maternal knowledge and immunization status of their children (p<0.001). Logistic regression showed that the husband’s occupation was significantly associated with maternal knowledge (p=0.02). Conclusion: Majority of mothers have good knowledge on routine childhood immunization. However, health education campaign should be intensified to improve their knowledge level, especially among mothers whose husbands are blue-collar workers.

scholarly journals Aplicación móvil para el seguimiento de solicitudes de acceso a la información

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Eva Rafael-Pérez ◽  
Eliel López-Cruz ◽  
Alan Jhaseel Hernández-Bolaños ◽  
Bibiana Díaz-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Public Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Extreme Programming ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Times

Currently, the use of mobile applications is of utmost importance, since it allows the availability of information at all times. The mobile application described in this article was made to follow up on the Requests for Access to Information and is part of a web system, with which an internal control of the Requests for Access to Information that are sent to the Dependencies, Entities, Auxiliary Bodies and Trusts of the State Public Administration. The application will attend to the requests and thus, the times of attention to them are met within the terms established by the Law of Transparency and Access to Public Information for the State of Oaxaca (LGTAIPO). The mobile application allows the monitoring of information requests received, shows the status in which they are through a colored traffic light, meetings can be scheduled, allows the registration of the user's profile, and, has an internal chat so that dependencies can communicate with each other and send notifications. The development methodology used for this project was Extreme Programming using the Dart programming language.

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