scholarly journals Topical steroid abuse in commercial workers: a cross-sectional analytical study in a tertiary care center

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Sarankumar Sudhakar ◽  
Kayalvizhi V. A. ◽  
Syediqbal Sikkanthar ◽  
Madhanchand Muthukrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Steroid Abuse

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Abuse of topical corticosteroids (TCs), especially over the face, is prevalent worldwide with India as no exception. Lack of adequate specialist services, the practice of self-medication and easy access over the counter (OTC) has resulted in widespread abuse. Aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of topical steroid abuse and its diverse cutaneous side effects in commercial sex workers.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among commercial sex workers (both females and transgender) attending the STI clinic in the study institution for 6 months. A semi-structured questionnaire was given and type of steroid cream used, frequency, duration, the reason for application and source of information for its use were recorded. Clinical patterns of side-effects were noted. Clinical photographs were taken. Descriptive statistical analysis was done, (SPSS 21.0).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of the total 180 commercial sex workers (CSWs), 80 were transgender and 100 were females. The most common steroid used was betamethasone valerate followed by the triple regimen containing mometasone. The reasons for TCs use were fairness (72%) followed by melasma (18%) and acne (10%). Side effects were seen in 77.5% of transgender and 66% of female CSWs. Common side effects noted were erythema (40%), acne (26%) and, pigmentation (18%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The main reason for TCs abuse in our country as a fairness agent is obsessiveness with fair skin colour. Various studies on TCs abuse were done in the general population but none of the studies focuses on a particular group as in this study.</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sexual Assault and Use of Emergency Contraceptives Among Female Commercial Sex Workers in Dodoma city, Central Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIHURUMA ELIUFOO ◽  
Yohana Swebe Masubho ◽  
Fabiola Vicent Moshi ◽  
Stephen Methew Kibusi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Female Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Abstract Background Female Commercial Sex Workers (FCSW) are in a constant risk of being abused by their customers or community. With the increased rate of unwanted pregnancies signify the problem in preventive measures and emergency contraception. This study aimed on assessing prevalence of sexual assault and use of emergency contraceptives among female commercial sex workers in Dodoma city, Tanzania. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to 326 female commercial sex workers with a snow ball sampling technique in 10 administrative wards of Dodoma city where by selection of 10 wards from 41 total wards was performed systematically through excel. Results Majority of study respondents 58% were aged between 21 to 31 years. More than a half (51.8%) had experienced sexual assault and majority (64.4%) had never used emergency contraceptives. There was significant relationship between use of emergency contraceptives with variable like ever being pregnant (p = 0.002), ever used drug (p < 0.001), level of education (p = 0.009) and ever heard about emergency contraceptives (p < 0.001). After adjusting for the confounders, the determinants of emergency contraceptives use among female commercial sex workers were level of education; ordinary secondary education (AOR = 0.373 at 95% CI = 0.158–0.878, p = 0.024), College level of education (AOR = 0.131 at 95% CI = 0.036–0.469, p = 0.002), ever used drug (AOR = 0.197 at 95% CI = 0.197–0.608, p < 0.001) and ever heard about emergency contraceptives (AOR = 6.2 at 95% CI = 3.443–11.17,p < 0.001). Conclusion FCSW suffer a significant sexual assault which most of them are afraid to report these assaults basing on the nature of worker being illegal. Most of them heard about emergency contraceptives but few of them are consuming them in their protection against unwanted and unplanned pregnancy.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan Masyarakat Penghuni Gunung Kemukus Tentang Pencegahan HIV-AIDS Di Kabupaten Sragen

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
P Value ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract: Commercial Sex Workers, Knowledge, HIV-AIDS Prevention Efforts. The number of HIV-AIDS sufferers in Indonesia continues to increase and most productive attacking a young age. Health care workers interview results in Hospital SoeratnoGemolong in October 2014, there were 25 HIV-positive AIDS, largely affected by HIV-AIDS is not a native districts Miri Sragen. To analyze the mountain commercial sex workers kemukus knowledge about HIV-AIDS on HIV-AIDS prevention. The study design was observational analytic, using a cross-sectional approach in which to make observations and measurements only once when the measurement variables were analyzed with the model Kai squared test (Chi-Square) to analyze the relationship between one or more independent variables with the dependent variable category. The result of statistical test analysis Fisher's exact Test the relationship between knowledge of HIV-AIDS prevention efforts gained value P-Value: 0.005> 0.001. HIV-AIDS prevention at the commercial sex workers in Mount Kemukus significant associated with HIV-AIDS knowledge

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENTANG HIV/AIDS PADA WARIA PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DAN WARIA NON-PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DI KOTA MANADO

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Awad ◽  
Christofel Elim ◽  
Anita E. Dundu ◽  
Neni Ekawardani
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract: HIV/AIDS is a health problem that is threatening the world, including Indonesia. Manado has a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in North Sulawesi with numbers of cases of 101 patients with HIV and 212 patients with AIDS in 2011. According to the group transmission, transvestites belong to the second rank of high risk group spreaders of HIV/AIDS due to the transvestites sex life impact. This was an observational analytical study with a cross sectional design. Samples were obtained by using the purposive sampling technique. We used questionnaire to be filled by 60 transvestites and a qualitative study on 2 transvestites to obtain more accurate data. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0. The Mann-Whitney statistical test showed that there was a significant difference of knowledge between Transvestites Commercial Sex Workers and Transvestites Non-Commercial Sex Workers (p <0.05). The significant value was due to the difference of attitudes between Transvestite Commercial Sex Workers and Transvestite Non-Commercial Sex Workers (p <0.05).Keywords: knowledge, attitude, HIV/AIDS, transvestite commercial sex worker, transvestite non-commercial sex workerAbstrak: HIV/AIDS merupakan masalah kesehatan yang masih mengancam dunia termasuk Indonesia hingga saat ini. Manado merupakan kota dengan prevalensi HIV/AIDS tertinggi di Sulawesi Utara dengan jumlah kasus 101 pasien HIV dan 212 pasien AIDS pada tahun 2011. Menurut kelompok penularannya, waria menduduki urutan kedua sebagai kelompok resiko tinggi penyebar HIV/AIDS akibat dari dampak kehidupan seks kaum waria. Penelitian ini besifat analitik observasional dengan pendekatan Cross-Sectional dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu Purposive Sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuisioner kepada 60 waria dan dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kualitatif terhadap 2 orang waria untuk memperoleh data yang lebih akurat. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan SPSS 20.0. Hasil pengolahan data menggunakan analisis statistik Mann-Whitney menunjukkan nilai signifikan adanya perberdaan tingkat pengetahuan antara Waria PSK dan Waria Non-PSK (p<0,05). Nilai yang signifikan diperoleh dengan adanya perbedaan sikap antara Waria PSK dan Waria Non-PSK (p<0,05).Kata kunci: pengetahuan, sikap, HIV/AIDS, waria PSK, waria non-PSK

scholarly journals A study on epidemiological determinants and reproductive health practices among female commercial sex workers of Dharwad district

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1583
Author(s):  
Geeta V. Bathija ◽  
Madhavi Gajula
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Female Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Prostitution is linked with many socio-demographic disadvantages like minority status, low income and education level, frequent harassment by family and police and social stigma.Methods: It’s a cross-sectional study, done among female commercial sex workers. A sample of 100 women was chosen conveniently, for a study period of 2 months i.e. May and June 2015. The women were one-one interviewed in depth by a semi-structured questionnaire, finalized after Pilot testing. The data was entered into MS Excel, analysed using SPSS v 20.0 and data was presented as means and percentages.Results: 48% of the study sample belonged to the age group of 30-39. 50% of the study samples were involved in home based sex trade, 6% in brothel and 8% in public streets. All of them reported some sort of STI symptom, 39% reported burning micturition, itching and genital sores and 28% reported excessive white discharge. Regarding violence and harassment, 65% faced domestic violence at home, 37% experienced sexual violence like beatings, burning of private parts and forcible sex without payment. 31% had experienced harassment by unnatural sex.Conclusions: Poverty was cited as the most common reason for getting into this trade with half of their families being unaware of it and for a very meagre pay. Removal of social stigma can help in rehabilitating these women back into the society. 

scholarly journals Topical steroid abuse on face: a prospective study from a tertiary care centre of north India

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Asha Nyati ◽  
Anil Kumar Singhal ◽  
Devendra Yadav ◽  
Manoj Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
North India ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Steroid Abuse ◽  
Topical Corticosteroids

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are widely misused on face which is associated with significant adverse effects and poor awareness of these effects. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of misuse of topical corticosteroids, the causes behind it and the most common adverse events resulting from it and to make aware the people about it</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted at Dermatology Department of Govt. Medical College, Kota during period of one year from July 2015 to June 2016. A total of 670 patients using topical steroids over face were enrolled in the study. Details about the usage of topical corticosteroids and their side effects were recorded.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of the patients were females (72.68%). The most common reason for misuse was melasma (57. 91%) followed by use as a fairness cream (22.38%). Most of the patient used topical steroid cream for duration of 3-6 months (33.13%). Most common age group was 21-30 years (48.20%). Acne form eruption (38.05%) and rebound erythema (28.20%) were the most common adverse effects noted. Patients were ignorant of the ingredients and their side effects.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Steroids have been misused by patients on their own or by pharmacist and non-dermatologist physicians for various reasons. Topical steroid should not be used on the face unless it is under strict dermatological supervision. </p>

scholarly journals Associations between Social Support and Condom Use among Commercial Sex Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e113794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Chen ◽  
Feng Tao ◽  
Ying Ma ◽  
Liqin Zhong ◽  
Xia Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers

Low HIV and high STD among commercial sex workers in a brothel in Bangladesh: scope for prevention of larger epidemic

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarup Sarkar ◽  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Florence Durandin ◽  
Nahid Siddiqui ◽  
Samiran Panda> ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Blood Samples

Summary: The present study documents the first systematic assessment of a brothel in Bangladesh in terms of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A cross sectional study was undertaken on brothel-based commercial sex workers (CSWs) selected systematic random sampling to assess the prevalence of STDs and HIV among CSWs in a brothel setting. Two hundred and ninety-six CSWs were selected from a brothel with a population of 593 women. Following informed consent, endocervical and blood samples were obtained for the diagnosis of genital chlamydia, gonorrhoea, HIV and syphilis respectively. In addition, another 170 consecutive blood samples were collected from the total CSW population for HIV tests. All blood samples for HIV testing were made anonymous by removing patient identifiers before testing. Endocervical specimens were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of genital chlamydia and gonorrhoea. Syphilis and HIV infections were diagnosed by serology. One hundred and sixty-nine (57.1%) of the women were Treponema pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA)-positive, 20 (6.8%) of the women were Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL)-positive at a greater than 1:8 dilution. Eighty-two (28%) of the women were found to be infected either by gonorrhoea or chlamydia. No HIV antibody was found in any of the 466 blood samples. A high prevalence of STDs and low prevalence of HIV in the CSWs in Bangladesh suggest potential for the rapid spread of HIV once it is introduced in this high-risk population. The opportunity to control STD and HIV infection in this population should not be missed, in order to prevent a large epidemic in the future.

scholarly journals Regular condom use tends to decrease cervical lesions in resident-commercial sex workers in Sub-Saharan Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Efosa Bolaji Odigie ◽  
Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors

BACKGROUND<br />Cervical lesions are abnormalities seen in tissues and cells examined from the uterine cervix. These abnormalities are on the increase and are ignored; thereby constituting major health problems in resident commercial sex workers (CSWs) who temporarily reside in brothels for sex business. Hence, we investigated the associations between behavioural risk factors and cervical lesions in resident commercial sex workers. <br /><br />METHODS<br />We conducted a cross-sectional study among 119 resident commercial sex workers using questionnaires as the data gathering tool, liquid-based cytology for cervical lesions screening, and microscopy for examination of slides. Statistical analyses were conducted using Epi- Info™ version 6.4 and STATISTICA (StatSoft, version 5, 2009 Edition, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027 USA). Data were analysed using multivariate and simple logistic regression analyses, while the level of significance was set at p £0.05. <br /><br />RESULTS<br />The behavioural risk factors, like smoking and hard drugs, alcohol intake, commercial sex duration, client’s daily patronage and sex frequency were not significant apart, but regular condom use tends to decrease the cervical lesions in CSWs (OR=0.91;95% C.I. 0.92-1.06), including anal and oral sex (OR = 0.99 (95% C.I. 0.29-3.60). The patterns of cervical lesions further showed acute and chronic cervicitis with a prevalence of 10.1%, including low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). We recorded 8/12 (66.7%) for acute cervicitis, 4/12 (33.3%) chronic, and 82.4% negative. <br /><br />CONCLUSION<br />We suggest that behavioural risk factors are associated with cervical lesions and that regular condom use tends to decrease cervical lesions among resident CSWs.

Prevalences of and risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases among Japanese female commercial sex workers in middle- and high-class soaplands in Japan

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motonobu Miyazaki ◽  
Shigeru Takagi ◽  
Masumi Kato ◽  
Hiroshi Une
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
High Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Japanese Female ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Female Commercial Sex Workers

A cross-sectional study among Japanese female commercial sex workers (CSWs) working in soaplands (massage parlours with baths) was conducted between July 1999 and June 2000. The study subjects included 135 CSWs aged from 20 to 36 years. A questionnaire included sexual characteristics in addition to real name, working name, and date of birth. We serologically or bacteriologically confirmed prevalences of HIV-1, HIV-2, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis, and trichomonads. Anti-HCV positive was 0.7%. Although anti-HBs positive was 15.6% no HBsAg was confirmed. Seroprevalence of C. trachomatis was 8.9% and of syphilis was 4.4%. The other STDs studied were not detected. A statistically significant difference was observed between middle-class CSWs and high-class ones about condom use ( P < 0.01). Prevalences of STDs among Japanese female CSWs working in middle- and high-class soaplands were evidently lower than those reported previously.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Penyakit Menular Seksual (PMS) melalui Penggunaan Kondom pada Pekerja Seks Komersial (PSK) di Wilayah Mangga Besar Jakarta Pusat Tahun 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Syam
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of

PSK is is one of the most vulnerable groups are infected with sexually transmitted diseases (STDS). The Mangga Besar of Central Jakarta  is a spread of PSK and place a night club which allows the occurrence of free sex behaviour and   ultimately at   risk against STDS.  The   purpose   of this research is to know the relationship of knowledge with the behavior prevention of STDS on commercial sex workers (PSK) in The Mangga Besar of  Central  Jakarta  in  2014. The  method  in  this  research is a survey that uses Cross-sectional method. The subjects in the research were 253 workers of   commercial   sex   in   The   Mangga   Besar   of   Central   Jakarta. Data analysis use Chi Square test. The results of the research is known significant (p = 0.011 and OR = 3.736) 60.7% of commercial sex workers who perform preventive  of  STDS  as  well.  This  study is health counselling about PMS, increasing confidence the PSK,   post   messages about health prevention of STDS, and support health workers against commercial sex workers.

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