Some Aspects of the Influence of Residual Amounts of Glyphosate Herbicide in Soil On Cultural Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
I.A. Dobrosmyslova ◽  
A.A. Sazanova ◽  
O.E. Nasakin
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Studies have been conducted on the effect of residual quantities of the most common herbicide Glyphosate (0.8; 1.4; 17) mg / kg of soil on the greens of peas and oats. Spectrophotometrically analyzed samples for their content of beta-carotene, which protects the cells of the immune system from damage by free radicals and can improve the immune system. The data obtained showed that the higher the content of herbicide in the soil, the less beta-carotene in samples of hay. The results of the experiments showed that the height of pea seedlings decreases when the soil is treated with Glyphosate. When the concentration of the herbicide is 1.4 mg / kg, it decreases by 32 % compared to the control; when selenium is added, the difference compared to untreated soil is 23 %. less than in the control sample. A sharp decrease in vitamin B2 and vitamin A in greens of peas grown in soil treated with Glyphosate is shown. The content of vitamins increases with the addition of selenium to the soil. The obtained experimental data indicate a decrease in beta-carotene, vitamins A and B2 in greens grown on soil containing Glyphosate.

scholarly journals Spicy Plant Raw Materials in Choux Dough

2022 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-711
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Kopylova ◽  
Nataliia Davydenko ◽  
Aleksandr Sapozhnikov ◽  
Anna Loseva
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials

Introduction. Semi-finished choux dough has neither vitamins nor minerals. However, its nutritional value can be increased by adding vegetable raw materials. The research objective was to evaluate the possibilities of using spicy vegetable raw materials in the formulation of semi-finished choux dough. Study objects and methods. The study featured fresh parsley (Petroselinum crispum), basil (Ocimum), celery (Apium) leaves and stems, and IR-dried powder of celery stalks. Standard research methods were used to determine the sensory, physico-chemical, and nutritional properties of the resulting choux samples. Results and discussion. Classical semi-finished choux dough with craquelin served as control sample. Fresh spicy vegetable raw materials degraded the sensory characteristics of the product. However, powdered celery stalks did not interfere with the taste of the choux dough. They were added in the amount of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% by weight of wheat flour. The celery powder gave the dough a sour-spicy flavor, as well as increased the content of vitamins B (up to 10%) and beta-carotene (up to 70%) in the finished product. Conclusion. The sample with 5% of IR-dried celery powder proved optimal for choux dough. It increased the content of vitamin B2 and beta-carotene, thus improving the nutritional value of the semi-finished product. In future, the powder can be tested as part of bakery filling in combination with ingredients that mask the typical celery taste.

ANALISA KANDUNGAN BETA-GLUKAN LARUT AIR DAN LARUT ALKALI DARI TUBUH BUAH JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) DAN SHIITAKE (Lentinus edodes)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Netty Widyastuti ◽  
Teguh Baruji ◽  
Henky Isnawan ◽  
Priyo Wahyudi ◽  
Donowati Donowati
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Oyster Mushrooms ◽  
The Difference

Beta glucan is a polysaccharide compound, generally not soluble inwater and resistant to acid. Beta glucan is used as an immunomodulator (enhancing the immune system) in mammals is usually a beta-glucan soluble in water, easily absorbed and has a low molecular weight. Several example of beta-glucan such as cellulose (β-1 ,4-glucan), lentinan (β-1 0.6-glucan) and (β-1 ,3-glucan), pleuran (β-1, 6 and β-1 ,3-glucan) are isolated from species of fungi Basidiomycota include mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes).The purpose of thisresearch activity is to obtain beta-glucan compound that can be dissolved in water and in alkali derived from fungi Basidiomycota, i.e, Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). The result of beta-glucan compared to characterize the resulting beta glucan that is molecular structure . The difference of beta glucan extraction is based on the differences in solubility of beta-glucan. Beta glucan could be water soluble and insoluble water.

The use of β-glucan extracted from baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to increase non-specific immune system and resistence of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to Aeromonas hydrophila

2013 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Ida N Jamal ◽  
Reiny A Tumbol ◽  
Remy E.P Mangindaan
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Baker’S Yeast ◽  
Baker's Yeast ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia

Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia disease (MAS) attacking tilapia has increased in recent years as a consequence of intensive aquaculture activities, which led to losses in aquaculture industry. The agent causing MAS disease is Aeromonas hydrophila. The disease can be controlled with the β-glucan. As immunostimulants, β-glucans can also increase resistance in farmed tilapia. Studies on the use of β-glucan extracted from baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was intended to evaluate the non-specific immune system of tilapia that were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The method used was an experimental method with a completely randomized design consisting of four treatments with three replicats. The dose of β-glucan used as treatments were 0 mg.kg-1 fish (Control), 5 mg.kg-1 fish (B), 10 mg.kg-1 fish (C) and 20 mg.kg-1 fish (D), each treatment as injected three times at intervals of 3 days, the injection volume of 0.5 ml/fish for nine days and resistance surveillance for seven days. The results showed that the difference in the amount of β-glucan and the frequency of the injected real influence on total leukocytes, phagocytic activity and resistance. Total leukocytes, phagocytic activity and resistance to treatment was best achieved by the administration of C a dose of  10 mg.kg-1 of the fish© Penyakit Motil Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) yang menyerang ikan nila mengalami peningkatan selama beberapa tahun terakhir sebagai konsekuensi dari kegiatan akuakultur intensif, yang menyebabkan kerugian dalam industri budidaya. Agen utama penyebab penyakit MAS adalah Aeromonas hydrophila. Untuk mengendalikan penyakit tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian β-glukan. Sebagai imunostimulan, β-glukan juga dapat  meningkatkan resistensi pada ikan nila yang dibudidayakan. Pengkajian mengenai pemanfaatan β-glukan yang diekstrak dari ragi roti Saccharomyces cerevisiae dimaksudkan untuk menguji sistem imun non spesifik ikan nila yang diuji tantang dengan bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Dosis β-glukan  yang digunakan sebagai perlakuan sebesar 0 mg.kg-1 ikan (Kontrol), 5 mg.kg-1 ikan (B), 10 mg.kg-1 ikan (C) dan 20 mg.kg-1 ikan (D), masing-masing perlakuan diinjeksi sebanyak 3 kali dengan interval waktu 3 hari selama 9 hari, volume injeksi 0,5 mL/ekor ikan dan pengamatan resistensi selama tujuh hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan jumlah β-glukan dan frekuensi pemberian yang diinjeksikan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap total leukosit, aktivitas fagositosis dan resistensi. Total leukosit, aktivitas fagositosis dan resistensi terbaik dicapai pada perlakuan C dengan dosis 10 mg.kg-1 ikan©

scholarly journals Interrogation tactics with an interpreter

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Sergey Vladimirovich Shvets ◽  
Vladimir Dmitrievich Zelensky ◽  
Svetlana Alexandrovna Kuemzhieva ◽  
Anastasiya Plotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Linguistic Rights ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transfer Of Information ◽  
Investigation Procedure

In holding an investigation in relation to or with the involvement of persons, who do not know or insufficiently know the language of criminal proceedings, it becomes necessary to involve an interpreter in the crime investigation procedure. However, the contemporary investigative theory and practice take into account only one situation, namely the monolingualism of parties to a criminal proceeding. The situation when the investigator and his/her procedural opponent are fluent in different languages is still overlooked by our today’s researchers. The article examines features of the influence of the need to use an interpreter on the interrogation from the point of view of information interaction between the parties. Within the framework of this research, it was substantiated that during the interrogation involving an interpreter, additional tasks, that are not characteristic of interrogation in its classical sense, arise. The groups of communication features of interrogation with the involvement of an interpreter, generated by the difference in the language system, the lack of control on the part of the investigator over the transfer of information between the interpreter and interrogated person, as well as a sharp decrease in the range of tactical techniques suitable for use, were identified. It is proposed to divide tactical techniques during interrogation involving an interpreter into four groups depending on the need to explain the essence of them to the interpreter, as well as the need to prepare an interpreter to participate in their implementation. The article concludes the influence of an interpreter on the tactics of investigative actions, if necessary, to involve him/her to guarantee the linguistic rights of the parties to criminal proceedings, and also offers recommendations for overcoming the tactical difficulties that arise during interrogation.

scholarly journals Development of RR soybean in function of glyphosate doses and Bradyrhizobium inoculation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 854-858
Author(s):  
João W. Bossolani ◽  
Nadia M. Poloni ◽  
Edson Lazarini ◽  
João V. T. Bettiol ◽  
João A. Fischer Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Outdoor Experiment ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

ABSTRACT Soybean has traditionally been produced in systems that include the use of herbicides, often in higher than recommended doses. The process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes can be hampered by these herbicides, both by direct effects on rhizobia and indirect effects on the host plant. An outdoor experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of different doses of a glyphosate herbicide on Bradyrhizobium strains and biological nitrogen fixation in soybean BMX Potência RR plants. Soybean seeds were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium elkanii (SEMIA 5019) and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (SEMIA 5079) strains in a commercial liquid inoculant. The treatments consisted of the absence and presence of Bradyrhizobium genotypes inoculated via seed and four doses of the herbicide glyphosate applied on the leaves (0, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 L ha-1 of the commercial product) at the V3 stage. The leaf chlorophyll index of inoculated RR soybean plants did not change on the application of glyphosate and, regardless of inoculation, plants had the capacity to recover from the effects of glyphosate application, without impaired development.

scholarly journals Initial Development of Eucalyptus According to Different Desiccation Periods of Signalgrass

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. GRAAT ◽  
A.L. BACHA ◽  
M.P. NEPOMUCENO ◽  
P.L.C.A. ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

ABSTRACT: This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different desiccation periods of Urochloa decumbens on the initial development of Eucalyptus urograndis (clone C-219H). The experiment was conducted in 100 liter concrete boxes, previously filled with Dark-Red Latosol. U. decumbens was sown in all plots, except for the control sample without covering. After 95 days from sowing, the herbicide glyphosate (dose of 1,424 g a.e. ha-1) was sprayed at intervals of 0 (Apply-Plant), 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days before eucalyptus planting, plus a control sample without covering, totaling seven treatments. A completely randomized design with six replications was used. Eucalyptus plants were evaluated 30, 60 and 90 days after planting (DAP), when the height of the plants and the diameter of the stem were determined. At the end of the experimental period (90 DAP), the leaf area and the dry matter of leaves and stem were measured. It is possible to conclude that the Apply-Plant modality was harmful to some of the eucalyptus characteristics (E. urograndis - C-219H), while planting the seedlings in periods over 14 days after the desiccation of U. decumbens plants promoted a better development of the culture.

scholarly journals The effect of cytokinins and other plant hormones on the growth of cotyledonary axilars of flax (Linum usitatissimum), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and pea (Pisum sativum)

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Klíčová ◽  
J. Šebánek ◽  
T. Vlašic
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Significant Stimulation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intensive Growth ◽  
Stimulation Of

Flax seedlings were decapitated above the cotyledons. After one cotyledon was removed the growth of the bud of the remaining cotyledon was stronger in 90% of the plants. However, the application of the cytokinin benzyladenine (BA) to the bud of the removed cotyledon caused a growth correlative reversal and, by contrast, in 65% of the plants the bud of the removed cotyledon grew out. On the other hand, in sunflower seedlings, which have epigeal cotyledons similar to flax, after the removal of one cotyledon the growth of the axillary of the removed cotyledon was more intensive in 59% of the plants. Not even an application of BA to the remaining cotyledon of sunflower resulted in more intensive growth of the axillary of this cotyledon. When both cotyledons were left on the seedling, BA applied to one of the cotyledons of decapitated flax plants resulted in a highly significant stimulation of growth of the axillary of this cotyledon; in sunflower; however, the effect of the BA was insignificant. After decapitation of the stem of pea seedlings where both cotyledons remained, both axillaries grew out, but after a certain period of time one of them (the dominant one) achieved a growth correlative dominance over the other (inhibited). The present study is focused on whether an application of plant hormones onto the inhibited shoot is able to cause a growth correlative reversal, i.e. to change the inhibited shoot into a dominant one. The application of 0.12% BA can cause such a reversal virtually in all plants if the original difference in the length between the inhibited and dominating axillaries is 12–24 mm. A 0.12–0.5% concentration of gibberellin causes a reversal in 13–75% of the plants, but only if the difference between the dominant and inhibited shoot is 1–12 mm. A 0.03–0.25% concentration of IAA causes a reversal in 34–57% of the plants, if the difference in the length of the axillaries is 1–4 mm.

A Study of the Effect of Forcipomyia Taiwana Repellents Made of Plant Extracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 365-366 ◽  
pp. 1221-1224
Author(s):  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
Ming Chun Sie ◽  
Chao Tsang Lu ◽  
Huey Liang Kuo ◽  
Jia Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Repellent Effect ◽  
Sensitive Skin ◽  
Tube Test ◽  
Intense Pruritus ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference

The bite of Forcipomyia taiwana (F. taiwana) causes intense pruritus and swelling in sensitive skin. Most commercially available F. taiwana repellents are made of N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide synthetic repellents [; however, using them for a long time influences skins, and the nervous and immune system. This study uses the water extracted Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh and Cymbopogon excavates for the Y-tube test, determining the repellent effect of these two extracts and the influence of water extract time on the difference in their repellent effect.

Determination of Retinol, Antioxidant Vitamins and Homocysteine in Skin Puncture Blood

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhardt ◽  
Heinrich ◽  
Biesalski
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

For determination of the vitamin status via mass screening, simple and rapid methods are required. Additionally, blood samples should be obtained using simple and low invasive sampling techniques. To fulfill this existing methods have been modified to analyze retinol, tocopherols, beta-carotene, vitamin C and homocysteine in 20 mul plasma. Blood samples were obtained via skin punctures. HPLC measurements were carried out with isocratic separation and precolumn derivatization. Intra and interday variation coefficients were below 8% and regression coefficients better than 0.99 for all measurements. The difference between venous and capillary samples were < 5%. In conclusion, the methods employed proved satisfactory for the determination of important nutritional parameters in blood samples obtained via skin punctures. These methods are therefore well suited for mass screening, especially under field conditions in developing countries.

scholarly journals Malposition of Unerupted Mandibular Second Premolar in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miri Shalish ◽  
Leslie A. Will ◽  
Stephen Shustermann
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Shared Genetic

Abstract Objective: To determine whether distoangular malposition of the unerupted mandibular second premolar (MnP2) is more frequent in children with unilateral clefts of the lip and palate. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study examined panoramic radiographs from 45 patients with unilateral clefts of the lip and/or palate who had no previous orthodontics. A control sample consisted of age- and sex-matched patients. The distal angle formed between the long axis of MnP2 and the tangent to the inferior border was measured. The mean, standard deviation, and range were calculated for the angles measured in the cleft and the control groups. The significance of the differences between the means was evaluated by the paired t-test. The angles of the cleft and noncleft sides were also measured and compared. Results: The mean inclination of the MnP2 on the cleft side was 73.6°, compared with 84.6° in the control group. This difference was highly significant statistically (P &lt; .0001). The difference in angles from the cleft and noncleft sides was 0.7°, not statistically significant. A significant association was found between clefting and distoangular malposition of the developing MnP2, suggesting a shared genetic etiology. This association is independent of the clefting side, ruling out possible local mechanical effects. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of the potential for anomalous development of MnP2 in children with clefts.

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