scholarly journals Local Mapping Profile of Mitochondrial DNA (MtDNA)-Loop in Forensic Identification

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Ahmad Yudianto ◽  
Nola Margaret
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Degraded Dna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Damage ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

To prove that mitochondrial DNA damage is not total or partial, as has been found in the preliminary study, studies need to be done to determine the opportunity of successful use of the mitochondrial DNA mini-primer set in an amplicon product below 250 bp. This is important because it can overcome quality problems in degraded DNA, which will complicate the process of DNA forensic identification. This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. The study material was DNA from blood and sweat stains taken from abandoned bodies. Samples consisted of 24 pieces of blood and sweat spots. The measurements of mean DNA levels and sample purity used UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, revealing mean DNA in blood samples of 152.89 ± 85.71 µg/ml and sweat samples of 89.19 ± 5.58 µg/ml, and sample purity of DNA  and sweat were 1.89 ± 0.71 and 1.69 ± 0.76. Whereas, the result of D-Loop mtDNA: D-Loop I 143bp nt: 16268 -16410 and D-Loop HVS II 126bp nt: 34 -159, indicating blood spots were detected positively >95% and sweat was detected positively in 5%-20%. Results of DNA sequencing from mtDNA of blood spots and sweat spots in 126 bp and 143 bp amplicon revealed nucleotide damage marked with the letter 'N'. In conclusion, mini-primers of mitochondrial DNA in the amplification product mtDNA D-Loop HVS II 126 bp (nt 59-134) and D-Loop HVS I 143 bp (nt 16268-16410) were effectively used as support for DNA profiling in forensic medicine.

scholarly journals Intakes of Vitamin a and Zinc and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Newly Diagnosed HIV-positive Participants in the MASH Cohort in Miami (P24-016-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Clayton ◽  
Adriana Campa ◽  
Qingyun Liu ◽  
Sabrina Martinez ◽  
Leslie Seminario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Oxidized Glutathione ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Damage

Abstract Objectives HIV infection is characterized by increased oxidative stress. We examined the association of antioxidant intake with measures of oxidative stress and HIV disease progression in newly diagnosed HIV-infected participants. Methods Cross-sectional study of 52 newly-diagnosed HIV-positive participants in the MASH cohort. Blood was drawn for parameters of oxidative stress (oxidized glutathione % and oxidative mitochondrial DNA damage [8-oxo-dG]) and disease stage (CD4- cell counts; HIV-viral load). Questionnaires on demographics and 24-hour dietary recalls and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were administered. AUDIT scores ≥ 8 was considered hazardous drinking. Dietary intakes of vitamin A and Zinc were calculated. SPSS was used for analyses and Linear Regression Models were estimated. Results Participants were 74% male, 75% Black Non-Hispanic, and 21% Hispanics. Mean age was 42.3 ± SD10.2 years, CD4 count was 506.7 ± SD733.4 cells/µLA cross-sectional and HIV viral load was 3.63 ± SD1.23log10 copies/mL. Dietary intake of vitamin A (β = −0.001, SE = 0.0002, P = 0.044) and zinc (β = −0.0004, SE = 0.0002, P = 0.044) were inversely related with mitochondrial DNA damage (8-oxo-dG), after adjusting for education, race, age, gender, and excessive alcohol use. Oxidized glutathione percentage was directly associated with HIV-viral load (β = 0.81, SE = 0.4, P = 0.037) adjusting for age, gender, AUDIT ≥ 8 and BMI in linear regressions. Conclusions Lower intake of vitamin A and Zinc were associated with higher oxidative stress and higher HIV viral load. These findings suggest that antioxidant supplementation may be beneficial immediately after receiving a diagnosis of HIV infection as well as during antiretroviral treatment. Funding Sources Funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Health.

Onset Paranoid Symptoms in Depressive and Non-depressive Middle Adolescence Sample: School-based Preliminary Study from Croatia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S217-S217
Author(s):  
S. Krnic ◽  
D. Britvic ◽  
M. Milanovic
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
School Based ◽  
Paranoid Symptoms ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Clinical Characteristic ◽  
Depressive Group

IntroductionThere is a lack of epidemiological evidence on the prevalence and incidence of mental health disorders in adolescence in Croatia. Depressive disorder and paranoid symptoms have been demonstrated to be closely related in adult community samples or patients with adult depression. The present study used a cross-sectional design to evaluate a sample of Croatian adolescents.ObjectivesExamine the prevalence of paranoid symptoms in adolescents attending grammar school as a preliminary study of clinical characteristic of depression in adolescence.MethodsA sample of 450 individuals, average age 15.7 (SD = 0.45); female 232 (51.6%), male 218 (48.4%). The screening was followed by the use of a structured psychiatric interview (HAMD-21), which was administered to confirm the presence or absence of depression disorder. Item paranoid symptoms were administered to evaluate the level OD symptoms (0–none; 1–suspicious; 2–ideas of reference; 3–delusions of reference and persecutions).ResultsA total of 450 participants were screened, using HAMD-21, paranoid symptoms occurred (44.9%). Depressed adolescents: moderate, severe and very severe, defined as more than 14 points in HAMD-21 presented paranoid symptoms 68.1%, and non-depressed 32.2%.ConclusionThe depressive group displayed more frequent and intense paranoid symptoms than the control group (P < 0.001). Among non-depressed the incidence of paranoid symptoms is a surprisingly high. This could be the consequences of the war in Croatia, transition, as well as the influence of social networks on adolescent communication. This requires future studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN MENGKONSUMSI TABLET FE DENGAN KEJADIAN KONSTIPASI PADA IBU HAMIL DI DESA BANDAR KECAMATAN BANDAR KABUPATEN PACITAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Catur Wulan ◽  
Wulan Ayu Fitria
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

Consumption of iron tablet 1 tablet per day during pregnancy can cause constipation. Based on the results of preliminary study in the Bandar Village, Pacitan through interviews with 14 pregnant women there were 12 pregnant women who consumed iron tablet regularly and 8 pregnant women complain of difficulty to defecate while not experiencing constipation 4 pregnant women. From two pregnant women who did not consume fe tablets they didn’t get constipation. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship consuming Fe tablet with constipation in pregnant women. This type of research is quantitative with cross sectional design conducted in March 2016. The population of all pregnant women in Bandar Village Bandar Subdistrict District of Pacitan as many as 33 pregnant women. The respondents ware all pregnant women in the Bandar Village Bandar district Pacitan. Using total sampling technique, the research was conducted on March 1 until March 30, 2016. The variable in this study is the fe tablet intake and incidence of constipation. The research instrument used was observation about fe tablet consumption and interviewing about incidence of constipation. The data were tabulated and analyzed using a statistical test Chi Square test determined significant with p> 0.05. From the results showed that majority of 19 pregnant women (57.5%) consume iron tablet regularly, and majority of 18 pregnant women (54.5%) got constipation. There was a relationship consuming Fe tablet constipation with in pregnant women in the Bandar Village district ofPacitan. Evidenced by the significant level of 0.000> 0.05 so that Ho refused. Based on the results of the study, the researcher suggested to health workers to provide counseling to pregnant women about how to consume tablets fe correetly and balanced with foods contaiming high in fiber.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Peran Suami terhadap Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap Pada Anak Di Desa Kayu Bawang Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gambut Tahun 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Ni wayan Kurnia Widya Wati ◽  
Wulan Suci
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Village

During the preliminary study in the Village of Kayu Bawang, the results of immunization data were as many as 52 people (88,1%),  BCG/Polio 1 as many as 54 people (54,5%), PENT1/Polio 2 as many as 54 people (91,5%), PENT2/Polio 3 as many as 46 people (8%), PENT3/Polio 4 as many as 50 people (84,7%), and Measles as many as 46 people (78,0%). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of husband’s role on complete basic immunization in children in the Village of Kayu Bawang Working Area of Gambut Public Health Center. The method used is analytical with cross sectional design. The subjects of this study were all husbands with children aged 9-12 months in the Village of Kayu Bawang Working Area of Gambut Public Health Center as many as 113 people. The sample in this study were 53 people taken with Random Sampling technique. The result of research can be concluded that the value of Sig. p = 0,002 <α (0,05) Ha is accepted, which means that there is a relationship between the influence of the husband’s role on complete basic immunization of the children in Kayu Bawang Villagesin the Woking Areas of Puskesmas Gambut in 2017. It is suggested to the Puskesmas officers to do extension about the importance of husband role to immunization in children.

scholarly journals Hubungan tinggi kepala dengan tinggi badan untuk identifikasi forensik

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Poluan ◽  
Djemi Tomuka ◽  
Erwin G. Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Physical Anthropology ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Head Height ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Forensic identification is a method to provide assistance for investigators in fulfilling visum et repertum requests and to identify death bodies. Forensic anthropology assists the process of visum et repertum. Forensic anthropology is the application of physical anthropology science inter alia by using anthropometry; certain body parts are measured. Body height is one of the major point in identification and in forensic anthropology, body height is one of the main biological profiles. Head height can be used to determine body height because there is a significant correlation between these two biological profiles. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between head height and body height. This was an analytical study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were students of batch 2012 of Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi Manado, aged 21-22 years. The results showed a positive correlation r= 0.691 with a probablity value of 0.000. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between head height and body height. Keywords: forensic identification, forensic anthropology, anthropometry. Abstrak: Identifikasi forensik merupakan upaya yang dilakukan dengan tujuan membantu penyidik dalam memenuhi permintaan visum et repertum untuk menentukan identitas seseorang. Antropologi forensik merupakan penerapan ilmu antropologi fisik dengan menggunakan antropometri yaitu salah satu metode pengukuran bagian tubuh. Tinggi badan merupakan salah satu ciri utama untuk proses identifikasi. Dalam antropologi forensik, tinggi badan merupakan salah satu profil biologis utama. Bagian tubuh yang dapat diukur untuk menentukan tinggi badan ialah antara lain tinggi kepala karena terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara keduanya. Tinggi badan dan tinggi kepala berbanding lurus karena setiap terjadi pertambahan tinggi badan, tinggi kepala juga bertambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tinggi kepala dan tinggi badan. Jenis penelitian ini analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian ialah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado angkatan 2012 yang berusia 21-22 tahun. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan antara tinggi kepala dan tinggi badan dengan nilai koefisien r = 0,691, dan nilai probabilitas 0,000. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tinggi kepala dan tinggi badan.Kata kunci: identifikasi forensik, antropologi forensik, antropometri

scholarly journals PHYSICIAN KNOWLEDGE AND RESPONSIBILITY OF PRESCRIPTION POLICY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Isna Rahmawati ◽  
Venia Ilma Dwi Prastika
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patent Medicines ◽  
Physician Knowledge ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Background: The minimum standard of generic prescription drugs at a hospital is at 90%. However, the preliminary study discovered the use of generic drugs at Kalisat District Hospital, Jember from 2009 to 2011 was amounted to 57.50%, while the use of patent medicines was at 42.50%. This difference indicates unachieved standard of generic prescription drugs at the Hospital. Aims: This study identified doctors’ knowledge and responsibility of drug prescription policy at Kalisat District Hospital.Methods: This descriptive and observational study employed a cross-sectional design. The data were collected randomly  from 50 prescription documents of Kalisat District Hospital, Jember from April to July 2013. This study involved 6 general practitioners, 2 dentists, and 4 specialists. Results: There was a strong correlation between doctors’ specialization and responsibility for pescribing generic drugs. Doctors’ knowledge about prescription policy of generic drugs was still lacking at 58.3%, while doctors’ responsibility for prescribing generic drugs was satisfying. Conclusion: Doctors at Kalisat District Hospital have an excellent sense of responsibility in prescribing generic drugs even though they have insufficient knowledge. The Hospital should conduct trainings, provide incentives, improve policies, monitor and evaluate generic prescriptions. Keywords: generic drugs, prescription, doctors’ responsibility, doctors’ knowledge.

scholarly journals Analisis Kepuasan Pasien Dilihat dari Minat untuk Dirawat Kembali Terhadap Pelayanan Dokter dan Perawat

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Lailil Masruron ◽  
Tjahjono Kuntjoro ◽  
Martha Irene Kartasurya
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Social Security Agency

Title :Patient Satisfaction To Doctor’s And Nurse’s Care Associated To The Interest To Be Rehospitalized (A study at RSUD Dolopo, Madiun Regency). AbstractBed Occupancy Rate (BOR) at Dolopo Public Hospital had decreased from 56.16% in 2013 to 35.86% in 2104 and 35.2% in 2015, and the average ALOS (Average Length of Stay) and Turn over Interval (TOI) increased. The preliminary study on patients of Social Security Agency (BPJS Non PBI) showed a dissatisfaction to nurse’s and doctor’s services. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between patient satisfaction toward doctor’s & nurse’s services to the interest to be rehospitalized.This study was conducted in a cross sectional design. The subjects were 95 patients of  BPJS with Non PBI in inpatient room for class I, II, III, which was choosen by using accidental sampling. Data were gathered through interviews using structured questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted by Chi-square tests and logistic regression.Results showed that the patient satisfaction based on aspects of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy were lower than the expectations. Most of the subjects have positive attitudes, negative subjective norms and perceptions of behavior control and had a poor accesibility to the hospital. However 75.8% of the respondents were interested to be rehospitalized at Dolopo Hospital. There were correlations between patient satisfaction (p=0.009), attitude (p=0.000), subjective norm (p=0.002) with the interest to be rehospitalized. There was no correlation between control perception behavior (p=0.103), and access (p = 0.454) with the interest to be rehospitalized. After controlled for the attitude toward doctors’ and nurses’ services, the patients who were satisfied to the doctor’ and nurses’ services had 3.84 times to be interested to be rehospitalized than the patients who were not satifsfied (OR = 3.84 ; CI 95% : 0.98-15.12, p=0.054).Keywords       : Patient Satisfaction, Rehospitalized, BPJS. 

scholarly journals Cytopathology of Saliva in COVID-19 Patients: Preliminary Study on Five Patients of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zulkarnain ◽  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Nyiayu Fauziah ◽  
Citra Dewi ◽  
Eny Rahmawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Negative Controls

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a SARS-CoV-2 virus. The virus is currently known to possess single-stranded and positive-sense RNA genomes. The replication of this virus does not occur in the nucleus but in the cytoplasm of the host cell. This rapid replication can lead to impairment of host cell. Without cytoplasm, the host cell will lose its shape and may be damaged. AIM: This study aims to find out the histopathology of exfoliated epithelial cells in saliva of COVID-19 patients. METHODS: This was an observational study with a laboratory-based cross-sectional design. The specimens of saliva were collected from five positive people of COVID-19 and four people as negative controls of COVID-19. The determination of positive and negative infections of COVID-19 was based on the results of the real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs, and sputum. The cytopathology of saliva was examined by Smear test and it was then stained by Papanicolaou method. The morphology of exfoliative epithelial cells in saliva was observed using a light microscope with magnification of ×10 and ×40. The damage of epithelial cells was observed from the integrity of the epithelial cell membrane and the shape of the damaged epithelial cells. In addition to morphologic findings, the number of cells with no nucleus was also calculated. RESULTS: From five samples of saliva from patients of positive COVID-19, microscopically the membrane of epithelial cells was intact and the contents of the cells were scattered about. The damaged epithelial cells with nuclei were in place, which were also found, but the morphology was not normal. More cells without nuclei were frequently observed in the saliva of COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: The damage to membrane and organelles of epithelial cells was found in the saliva of COVID-19 patients.

Impact of alcohol on hepatic mitochondrial DNA damage in streptozotocin diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarnalatha Kodidela ◽  
Suresh Govatati ◽  
Sumanth Kumar Matha ◽  
Swapna Vahini Korla ◽  
B. Prathap Naidu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Damage ◽  
Mtdna Deletions ◽  
D Loop ◽  
The Impact

Mitochondrial dysfunction with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a characteristic feature of diabetes which is associated with damage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Alcohol metabolism generates ROS with enhanced oxidative stress leading to damage of cellular constituents including mtDNA. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of alcohol consumption on hepatic mtDNA damage in diabetic rats. MtDNA was isolated from hepatic tissues of non-diabetic and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats after alcohol treatment. Comprehensive screening of mtDNA displacement loop (D-loop) was carried out by PCR-Sanger’s sequencing analysis. MtDNA deletions were analyzed by long-extension PCR. Furthermore, activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were measured in hepatic tissue of all rats. Our results showed increased frequency of D-loop mutations in alcoholic-diabetic rats when compared to diabetic or alcoholic non-diabetic rats. DNA mfold analysis predicted higher free energy for 15507C, 15560T and 16116C alleles compared to their corresponding wild alleles which represents less stable secondary structures with negative impact on overall mtDNA function. MtDNA deletions were observed in all experimental groups except controls. Markedly decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes viz., GPx, SOD, catalase and GSH content was identified in alcoholic-diabetic rats when compared to remaining groups. In conclusion, decreased GSH content and lowered activity of catalase, SOD and GPx favor the environment for oxidative stress, which might lead to exacerbation of hepatic mitochondrial DNA damage in diabetic rats receiving alcohol.

scholarly journals Thoughts on Incivility: A Preliminary Study to Identify Uncivil Behavior in Indonesian Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ani Cahyadi ◽  
Hendryadi Hendryadi ◽  
Suryani Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Uncivil Behavior ◽  
Item List ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Uncivil Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

This preliminary study aims to identify an item list of uncivil behaviors in the Indonesian educational environment. The study comprises three phases: first, a panel of experts assessed each item to ensure their content validity for items pool. The second phase used a cross-sectional design and convenience sampling to recruit 524 students and faculty members in seven provinces in Indonesia using an online survey. The third phase involved ten students from the second phase and several faculty representatives were randomly selected to complete the open-ended questionnaire. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified four factors, including disregard for instructors/annoyances, disrespect for others (verbal and non-verbal), misconduct and integrity violation, and use of cell phones. Furthermore, the results indicate that "getting up during a class,leaving and returning,” “arriving late and/or leaving early," “not paying attention in the class,” “texting,” “packing books before the class is dismissed,” “cheating during an exam,” and “sleeping during the class” were the top seven highest recurring behaviors. This study provides tentative support for a preliminary scale in identifying uncivil behavior among college populations in Indonesia.

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