scholarly journals KERAGAMAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT GEMPOL(Nauclea orientalis L.) DARI BEBERAPA POHON INDUK

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurniawati Purwaka Putri ◽  
Yulianti Yulianti ◽  
Danu Danu

Gempol (Nauclea orientalis L.) is one of the fast growing species that potential to be developed in agroforestry system. These species used as wood production and also Jabon, which is the alternative for sengon wood. Gempol adapted growth at wet and drylands such as at riverbanks, rice fields and yards. The constrained of the development of community forests of gempol for high productivity is the availability of good quality seed sources. Seeds and seedlings are largely determined by the quality of the parent tree, hence the diversity of the mother plant will affect the seeds it produces. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of the growth of seedlings in the nursery gempol of 64 parent trees from Majalengka and Banten. The study design used was completely randomized design consisting of 64 trees parent gempol, with three replications and each replication consisted of six seedlings. The variables measured were the diameter and height of seedlings. The results showed that significantly affected the parent tree diameter and height of seedlings gempol. Growth in diameter is the best demonstrated by the parent tree 16 at 5.4 cm. The high growth (32.88 cm) produced by seeds from the parent tree 10.Gempol (Nauclea orientalis L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman cepat tumbuh yang potensialuntuk dikembangkan dengan pola agroforestry.. Jenis tanaman ini dimanfaatkan khususnya masyarakat Jawa Barat sebagai pohon penghasil kayu pertukangan selain sengon dan jabon.Gempol mampu beradaptasi pada lahan basah maupun kering seperti di bantaran sungai, pematang sawah, tegalan dan pekarangan.  Pengembangan hutan rakyat gempol yang produktifitas tinggi terkendala ketersediaan sumber benih yang berkualitas. Benih dan bibit yang berkualitas sangat ditentukan oleh pohon induknya, oleh karena itu keragaman pada pohon induk akan berpengaruh terhadap bibit yang dihasilkannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keragaman pertumbuhan bibit gempol di persemaian dari 64 pohon induk yang berasal dari Majalengka (Jawa Barat) dan Banten.Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 64 pohon induk/famili gempol, dengan tiga ulangan dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari enam bibit. Variabel yang diamati adalah diameter dan tinggi bibit.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pohon induk berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter dan tinggi bibit gempol. Pertumbuhan diameter yang terbaik ditunjukkan oleh pohon induk 16 yaitu sebesar 5,4 cm. Pertumbuhan tinggi terbesar (32,88 cm) dihasilkan oleh bibit yang berasal dari pohon induk 10.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
Nilasari Dewi ◽  
Nurheni Wijayanto ◽  
Gusmaini .

Sentang (Azadirachta excelsa) is one of fast-growing tree species which is resistant to disease and pest. It also has good quality of timber with high economic value. Sentang planting can be integrated with meniran (Phyllanthus sp.). Planting in the agroforestry system will impact positively and negatively to both plants. The aim of this research was to analyze growth of sentang in agroforestry system. This research was conducted in Cultivation for Conservation Unit of Medicinal Plants Biofarmaka, IPB, Dramaga, West Java, Indonesia. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design to analysis sentang growth. The treatment applied was P0= monoculture and P1 = agroforestry. The total height growth and total stem diameter on monoculture are not significantly different with agroforestry. However, the high growth of sentang on the agroforestry was higher than monoculture in the first month, and the stem diameter on the agroforestry system was lower in the second month. Agroforestry systems do not provide any real effect on the growth of the canopy and rooting sentang except in diameter of root.Keywords: agroforestry, Azadirachta excelsa, plant dimension, rooting system


2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Rodrigues do Nascimento ◽  
Maria Lúcia Maurício da Silva ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Caroline Marques Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Joelma da Silva

Seeds with a good physiological quality are essential to high productivity. However, for some seeds, Phaseolus lunatus L., the viability and vigor analyze show deficiency in quality. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of Phaseolus lunatus L. seeds using several vigor tests. The study was realized at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia – PB, Brazil. We used seeds from five cultivars of P. lunatus (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Cearense, Rosinha, and Roxinha). To determine the physiological quality, we measured the water content, the viability and vigor test (germination, emergence, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium, first germination count and emergence, seedling length and dry mass). We used a completely randomized design for seeds evaluation, and the field test was performed in randomized blocks. The water content of P. lunatus did not differ among the cultivars, indicating a uniformity in the percentage of moisture. Also, the percentage and speed of emergency and the dry mass of seedlings did not differ among the varieties. The tetrazolium and electrical conductivity tests indicated that Rosinha cultivar had the worst viability concerning the other cultivars, showing a low percentage of living tissue and lower electrical conductivity. The seeds of Roxinha cultivar had the better physiological quality, and the Cearense cultivar had the worst quality evaluation. We recommend the tetrazolium test but not the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the vigor of P. lunatus.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Triaty Handayani ◽  
Nurheni Wijayanto ◽  
Arum Sekar Wulandari

Agroforestry system has been considered as one of the effective ways of the plantation for increasing a production and securing the environment as well as plays an important role in the social and economic development. Mindi development has been widely practiced in community forests but the agroforestry system is only limited to local knowledge obtained from old generation. This causes the people's forests to tend to be unable to survive due to the demands of the people's food needs. Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) had an important crop as a potential source of food and substitute for wheat flour and potential to be planted under Mindi trees (Melia azedarach L.) which had also potential as an alternative tree planting for the community forest. This research was aimed to 1) analyze the growth of Mindi trees and the productivity of arrowroot under mindi trees compared to monoculture system, 2) analyze the nutrient content of arrowroot under mindi trees compared to monoculture system. The experiment used a complete randomized design (CRD) with the agroforest under mindi trees and monoculture system as a factor. The result of growth in mindi showed that there is no significant difference in height, diameter, and canopy variable in agroforestry and monoculture plantation system while the root variable had significant difference among agroforestry and monoculture system. The physicochemical and nutrients content of arrowroot were diverse whereas there is no significant difference between the two system tested.Keywords: agroforestry, growth, productivity, fisikokimia, soil nutrient


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Ujang Susep Irawan ◽  
Edi Purwanto ◽  
James M. Roshetko ◽  
Djoko Iriantono ◽  
Fransiskus Harum ◽  
...  

Three types of agroforestry land-use systems have been identified in Southeast Sulawesi, these being monoculture systems (cacao, patchouli, sago and pepper); mixed-garden systems (cacao-patchouli and cacao-coconut, etc.), and timber-garden systems. High quality seedlings are a vital input for the establishment of an agroforestry system. The establishment of smallholder tree nurseries can help to meet the demand for seedlings and provide farmers with additional income. This survey was conducted to identify farmers’ nursery practices, with specific reference to: (i) identifying the characteristics of community tree nurseries in the survey areas; (ii) identifying indicators of successful tree nurseries; (iii) determining the quality of germplasm; and (iv) determining the status of nursery managers’ technical and businees capacities. The survey was conducted in 29 villages located in 14 sub-districts in two districts (East Kolaka and Konawe District, Indonesia) on June 2014. Thirty-nine respondents were interviewed. All data were analysed using the statistical program SPSS release 14.0.1. An analysis of the survey found that 80% of nurseries were established on the nursery owners’ own land. The nurseries were mostly established on the owner’s own initiative (69%), with most respondents stating that they used their own funds to establish the nursery(51%). In addition, 80% of the respondents stated that they operated the nurseries primarily to meet their own needs for seedlings, with 46% stating that they also sold seedlings. In terms of the labor force on these nurseries, 40% are paid part-time employees working less than 20 hrs/week. The most common species produced is Gmelina arborea. The most commonly sold species in East Kolaka is Anthocephalus cadamba, while in Konawe, the most commonly sold species is Tectona grandis. The form of germplasm used for the production of seedlings in both East Kolaka and Konawe are seeds (98%). In East Kolaka, 72% of the seed used in nurseries is collected by respondents from locations around their community. In general, the respondents give little consideration to the quality of the seed when selecting seed sources or producing seedlings. Mostrespondents (85%) stated that they do not produced as many seedlings as they would like. The main constraint to the production of seedlings is the shortage of germplasm. Most respondents (64%) stated that they had not received formal training and did not have access to technical support. The most common means by which owners accessed technical knowledge were self learning (44%) and reading (36%). Almost all respondents (95%) stated that they had formulated a business plan, but only 41% of respondents had received training in business management, marketing or related topics. The purchasers of seedlings from the nurseries were mostly private individuals. Most respondents(64%) did not have a clear idea of how to expand their business and reach more customers.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silaturahmi Silaturahmi ◽  
Zaidiyah Zaidiyah ◽  
Tengku Mia Rahmiati

The use of colorants in the dried noodle manufactures is an effort of product diversification. Besides of being used as a natural coloring agent, this peel extract is also used to improve nutritional value of the expected product. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red dragon fruit peel extract on the physical quality of dried noodle.  The study was conducted by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with one factor, namely concentration of red dragon fruit peel extract (N1 = 10 ml, N2 = 15 ml, N3 = 20 ml, N4 = 25 ml, N5 = 30 ml).  The observations of its physical quality consisted of water absorption, solid loss during cooking, and organoleptic tests (aroma and color).  The best quality of dried noodle was obtained by using 30 ml red dragon fruit peel extract (N5) with physical properties, namely DSA levels of 351.92%, solid loss during cooking 4.78%, aroma 3.79 (like) and color 3.89 (like).


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Enike Dwi Kusumawati ◽  
Selvinus Lawu Woli ◽  
Aju Tjatur Nugroho Krisnaningsih ◽  
Waluyo Edi Susanto ◽  
Syam Rahadi

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa ayam kampung pada suhu 5oC menggunakan pengencer dan lama simpan yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian laboratorium menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan pengencer ringer lactat solution, air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer serta lama simpan 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, masing-masing diulang 10 kali. Variabel yang diamati yaitu motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisis varian. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa menggunakan pengencer ringer lactat solution lebih tinggi (P<0,01) serta dapat bertahan sampai lama simpan 24 jam dibandingkan air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer. Adapun nilai motilitas ringer lactat solution, air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer pada lama simpan 24 jam masing-masing sebesar 43,5±17,17%; 8±4,83%; 6,5±2,4%, sedangkan nilai viabilitasnya sebesar 83,2±7,25%; 64,6±3,20%; dan 63,1±2,33%. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah ringer lactat solution lebih baik dibandingkan air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer dalam mempertahankan kualitas semen ayam kampung pada suhu simpan 5oC sampai lama simpan 24 jam.Kata Kunci : air kelapa, ayam kampung, motilitas, spermatozoa, viabilitas  ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine the motility and viability of spermatozoa of Native chickens at 5oC using different diluents and time storage. The method used in this study was laboratory research using Factorial Completely Randomized Design with ringer lactate solution, coconut water and without diluent at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30 hours of time storage each repeated 10 times. The variables observed were motility and viability of sperm. Data analysis used is variance analysis. The results of data analysis showed that the motility and viability of spermatozoa using ringer lactate solution diluents was higher (P <0.05) than coconut water and without diluents. The motility values of ringer lactat solution, coconut water and without diluents were 43,5±17,17%; 8±4,83%; 6,5±2,4% respectively, while the viability values were 83,2±7,25%; 64,6±3,20% and 63,1±2,33%. The conclusion of this study is that ringer lactat solution is better than coconut water an without diluents in maintaining the quality of Native chicken semen at a storage temperature of 5oC until 24 hours.Keywords: coconut water, motility, native chicken, sperm, viability


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Lukman Affandhy ◽  
Muchamad Luthfi ◽  
Dian Ratnawati ◽  
Frediansyah Firdaus

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubuk daun Moringa oleifera (MO) terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas semen sapi peranakan ongole (PO). Metode penelitian menggunakan percobaan lapang dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan pemberian MO sebesar 0 kg/ekor/hari (P1); 0,05 kg/ekor/hari (P2) dan 0,1 kg/ekor/hari (P3). Analsis data menggunakan one way analysis of variance. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas empat ekor dengan tiga periode pengamatan sebagai ulangan, yaitu periode pertama dan ketiga tanpa MO, dan periode kedua diberikan MO pada P2 dan P3. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa volume dan pH semen perlakuan P1, P2 dan P3 tidak berbeda semua periode pengamatan. Motilitas massa spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukan nilai +++ berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P1 (++); motilitas individu  perlakuan P1 menunjukkan nilai terendah 60,56±2,94 % (P<0,05) dibandingkan P2 dan P3 pada periode kedua dan ketiga (75,50±2,29 dan 72,50±2,34%). Konsentrasi spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukkan rata-rata  >1.350 juta/ml berbeda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (876±152juta/ml), sedangkan total spermatozoa motil menunjukkan nilai tertinggi 5.647±829 juta/ml pada P3 periode kedua.Viabilitas spermatozoa P2 dan P3 menunjukkan nilai >88-89 % beda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (<84 %) pada periode kedua dan ketiga, sedangkan nilai abnormalitas spermatozoa yang terbaik adalah P2 sebesar 4,30% pada periode kedua dan P3 sebesar 5,33% pada periode ketiga. Disimpulkan pemberian bubuk daun MO dengan dosis 0,1 kg/ekor/hari dapat memperbaiki kuantitas dan kualitas semen (viabilitas dan total spermatozoa motil) sapi pejantan PO.Kata kunci:  kuantitas dan kualitas semen, Moringa oleifera, sapi pejantan ABSTRACTThe research aimed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder on the quantity and quality of semen of ongole crossbreed. The research method used was a field experiment with a completely randomized design with three treatments giving MO of 0 kg/head/day (P1); 0.05 kg/head/day (P2) and 0.1 kg/head/day (P3). Each treatment consisted of four heads with three periods of observation as replications, namely the first and third periods without MO, and the second period was given MO on P2 and P3. Data analysis used a one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the volume and pH of semen treated P1, P2, and P3 didn’t different in all observation periods. The second and third period spermatozoa mass motility of P2 and P3 showed that the value of +++ was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to P1 (++); Individual motility of P1 treatment showed the lowest value 60,56±2,94 % (P<0.05) compared to P2 and P3 in the second and third periods (75,50±2,29 and 72,50±2,34%). The second and third periods of P2 and P3 spermatozoa concentrations showed an average of >1,350 million/cc significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (876±152 million/cc), while the total motile spermatozoa showed the highest value of 5,647±829 million/cc in the second period P3. The spermatozoa viability of P2 and P3 showed values >88-89% significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (<84%) in the second and third periods, while the best spermatozoa abnormalities were P2 at 4.30% in the second period and P3 at 5.33% in the third period. It was concluded that the giving of MO leaf powder at a dose of 0,1 kg/head/day could improve the quantity and quality of semen (viability and total motile spermatozoa) of Ongole Crossbreed bulls. Keywords: bulls, Moringa oleifera, quantity and quality of semen


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Priscillia Picauly ◽  
Josefina Talahatu ◽  
Meitycorfrida Mailoa

Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr) is needed as an alternative diversification in order to increase protein consumption. Soybean can be processed into variety of foods and drinks. The most popular drink from soybean is soya milk which is made from soybean extract yielded from the addition of water. The amount of water added determine the quality of soya milk due to its effect on the chemical and physical properties of soya milk. This research was intended to find out the proper ratio of soybean and water in the processing of soya milk to yield the best quality. A completely randomized design was used with eight treatments of soybean and water ratio as follows, ratio of 1 : 6, ratio of 1 : 8, ratio of 1 : 10, ratio of 1 : 12, ratio of 1 : 14, ratio of 1 : 16, ratio of 1 : 18 and ratio of 1 : 20. Result showed the soybean and water ratio 1 : 10 in the processing of soya milk yielded milk having good quality according to its chemical with protein content of 2.53%, fat of 1.20%, sugar total of 1.60%, pH of 7.1, and organoleptic characteristies of both somewhat sweet taste and viscous texture.


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Priscillia Picauly ◽  
Gilian Tetelepta

Instant porridge is sereal-based food that can be combined with fruits so it will contain better nutrition. To improve the nutrition value of instant porridge then substitute of one kind of banana originally from Maluku is Tongka langit banana. A good quality of instant porridge has a high nutrition and a best physical property. This research aims to characterize of the physical properties instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour. The design that is applied is completely randomized design with four levels of treatment in comparing the substitution between Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour as follow 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. According to the result of this research, the physical characteristic of instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour are bulk density (0.84-0.89 g/mL), water absorption index (3.49-4.05%), and water solubility index (0.02-0.04%).


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 039
Author(s):  
Trie Omitha Purba ◽  
Suparmi Suparmi ◽  
Dahlia Dahlia

The study aimed to determine the effect of rebon shirmp (mysis relicta) protein hydrolisate fortification to the sago noodles and to observe the characteristics of the sago noodles produced. The research was carried on in February – April 2019 in the  Laboratory of Fish Processing Technology, Integrated Laboratories, and the Fisheries and Marine Chemistry Laboratories at the Universitas Riau. The method used was the experimental method, designedas a non-factorial complete randomized design. The treatment conducted was addingof rebon shrimp protein hydrolysate at 4 level concentrations (0%, 5%, 10% dan 15%). The variables assessed were the quality of organoleptic (appearance, texture, odor, flavor) and the proximate composition. The results showed that the proteinhydrolysate of rebon shrimp at concentration of 15% was the best treatment and in accordance to the quality standards of dried noodles (SNI 01-2974-1996), indicated bythe highest organoleptic qualityof the dried noodles produced, including: the appearance that was brown, less attractive, whole, less neat; the texture that was dry and compact; the aroma that was quite fragrant, spesific rebon shrimp; and the taste that was quite tasty and shrimp flavored. The proximate composition ofthe best product was presented by the content of moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate at 7.55%,1.02%, 0.17%, 16.76%, and 74.49%, respectively.Keywords: Hydrolysate protein, rebon shrimp, sago noodles


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