scholarly journals Does Fertigation With Fish Farming Effluent Alter the Morphophysiology and Biochemistry of Lippia Gracilis (Verbenaceae)?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Maria Damasceno Silva Neto ◽  
Marciana Bizerra de Morais ◽  
Nildo da Silva Dias ◽  
Lindomar Maria de Souza ◽  
Mayron Alves Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract In order to evaluate the response mechanisms of L. gracilis fertigated with saline effluent from fish farming, L. gracilis plants were nourished with fish farming effluent with electrical conductivity of 0.45, 2.68, 4.60, 5.55 and 7.02 dS m− 1 for 60 days. The experiment was carried out in the open field using a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates. The salinity levels of the nutrient solution containing fish farming effluent did not affect the leaf and stem biomass production, relative water content and leaf area of the studied species. The activity of antioxidant enzymes varied when the nutrient solution salinity level was increased, which also stimulated the breakdown of starch reserves, but did not interfere with the biochemical parameters proline, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), levels of membrane damage and malondialdehyde, indicating that the plant showed no stress symptoms when fertigated with high-salinity effluent. The anatomy of L. gracilis leaf cross-sections shows a unistratified epidermis with glandular and non-glandular trichomes in the adaxial and abaxial sides. Plants that received only fish farming effluent (7.02 dS m− 1) showed a 25% reduction in the number of xylem bundles in the midrib region, compared to the control. The yield, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extracted from L. gracilis leaves did not differ between treatments. Thus, the saline effluent from fish farming can be used in the fertigation of L. gracilis without compromising plant yield, avoiding environmental contamination with disposal in soil and/or water bodies.

scholarly journals Nutrient and inorganic solute (Na+ and Cl-) content in green onion plants under hydroponic cultivation using brackish water

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Donato da Silva Souza ◽  
Geronimo Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Sirleide Maria de Menezes ◽  
José Edson Florentino de Morais ◽  
José Amilton Santos Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Brackish Waters ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Cultivation using brackish waters can result in nutritional and metabolic imbalances in several plant species, consequently reducing the production of dry matter (DM) and accumulation of toxic ions (Na+ and/or Cl-) in plants. We evaluated the DM production, and nutrient and inorganic solute (Na+ and Cl-) content in green onion plants (cv. Todo Ano Evergreen - Nebuka) under different levels of nutrient solution salinity in combination with circulation frequencies of this solution. Two experiments were conducted in a hydroponic system, using a completely randomized design, in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with five replicates: six levels of nutrient solution salinity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 dS m-1) and two solution circulation frequencies (twice and thrice a day). In Experiment I, the evapotranspired depth was replaced using brackish water that was used to prepare each of the salinity levels (used exclusively), whereas in Experiment II, brackish water was used only to prepare each of the salinity levels and public water was used (electrical conductivity [ECw] = 0.12 dS m-1) for replacement in all treatments. The increase in the nutrient solution salinity reduced the production of DM and accumulation of nutrients; the reductions were more pronounced when brackish waters were used exclusively (Experiment I). However, the circulation of solutions thrice a day resulted in the harmful effects of the salinity effect. Replacing the evapotranspirated blade with water supply (Experiment II) mitigated the deleterious effects of salinity. Moreover, three circulations of the nutrient solution daily resulted in lower accumulation of inorganic Na+ and Cl- solutes and increased accumulation of nutrients N, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and S in the culture.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Rajalele Probiotic On Survival Rate Of Fish Juvenile Pangasius pangasius, Oreochromis niloticus, Cyprinus carpio

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Marlina Doloksaribu ◽  
Robert Martua Simanjuntak ◽  
Ied Hidayani Parinduri
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Social ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The use of probiotics is certainly one of the solutions in overcoming the problem of increasing seed in fish farming. One of them is the use of probiotic king catfish, in this study tested on catfish, tilapia and goldfish. This research is an experimental study. The design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments 3 replications. Data analysis used Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 15. The results of the analysis of the highest seed survival rate were obtained on Pangasius pangasius (95%), on Oreochromis niloticus (83,33 %), and Cyprinus carpio (80%). The treatment of Rajalele probiotics has a very significant effect (very significant) Fanalysis (23.01) > Ftable 0.01 (7.59) on the graduation of Pangasius pangasius, Oreochromis niloticus, and Cyprinus carpio. The conclusion of this study shows that the survival rate the highest in Pangasius pangasius

scholarly journals The different response of sugarcane genotypes in multiple stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-539
Author(s):  
Francisco Bruno Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
Jairo Osvaldo Cazetta ◽  
Sabrina da Silva Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Complete Nutrient Solution

ABSTRACT Research focused on identify abiotic stress-tolerant genotypes is highly desirable since their use may reduce costs of soil and crop management and productivity losses. The aim of this study was to determine the behavior of 24 sugarcane genotypes under high levels of Al3+ and Mn2+ associated with low availability of mineral nutrients. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse condition in a 24 × 2 factorial scheme (24 genotypes × 2 treatments: with and without stress), and four replications in completely randomized design. In the treatment without stress plants were grown in a complete nutrient solution whereas in the treatment with stress a nutrient solution with a high acidity (4.0 ± 0.1) and 5% of its original concentration, as well as a high concentration of aluminum (60 mg L-1) and manganese (700 mg L-1) was used. The genotypes RB966928, RB855443, IACSP96-3060, SP81-3250, RB867515, CTC 21, RB965902, and IAC91-1099 had their biometric characteristics less affected by the stress, possibly due to the ability to continue the process of cell division and elongation and to maintain meristematic viable regions, hence they were considered as the most tolerant. On the other hand, the genotypes RB965917, CTC 15, CTC17, RB855536, CTC 2, CTC 20, and CTC99-1906 were the most sensitive to stress. Root system was the most affected by stress, with most genotypes showing more than 70% reduction in root biomass. No relationship was observed between tolerance level of genotypes and the maturation cycles.

scholarly journals Silicon Potential as Attenuator of Salinity Effects on Growth and Post-harvest Quality of Lettuce

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Hozano De Souza Lemos Neto ◽  
Marcelo De Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Rosilene Oliveira Mesquita ◽  
Italo Marlone Gomes Sampaio ◽  
Ana Régia Alves de Araújo Hendges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Silicon (Si) is a mineral element that provides many benefits to plants and may also assist in tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of Si as a possible attenuator of the deleterious effects of salinity on growth and post-harvest of lettuce. A completely randomized design with four replicates was performed in a 3 × 2 factorial, consisting of three salinity levels (1.65, 3.65, 7.65 dS m-1) and two levels of silicon (0.0 and 2.0 mM). Salinity reduced all variables related to plant growth. For shoot fresh and dry mass, it was observed that NaCl caused a reduction of 79.80 and 80%, respectively, in comparison to the control. However, parameters related to post-harvest such as titratable acidity, soluble solids and vitamin C increased with salinity. Although not effective in reducing saline stress on plant growth, Si provided improvements in the variables related to lettuce post-harvest. Salinity significantly reduced plant growth in the presence and absence of Si, but provided better post-harvest quality with Si.

POTENSI TUMBUHAN BANGKAL (Nauclea Orientalis) UNTUK PENGENDALIAN BAKTERI Aeromonas Hydrophila (POTENTIAL PLANT BANGKAL (Nauclea orientalis) FOR CONTROL Aeromonas Hydrophila)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Siti Aisiah
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah didapatkan metode pengendalian penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila pada budi daya ikan yang ramah lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan uji sensitivitas terhadap bakteri A. hydrophila, uji minimal konsentrasi menghambat  bakteri A. hydrophila (uji MIC) dan uji toksisitas terhadap ikan nila. Rancangan  yang digunakan untuk  uji toksisitas  adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu A  = Ikan disuntik dengan ekstrak bangkal konsentrasi 20%, B  = Ikan disuntik dengan ekstrak bangkal konsentrasi 40%,  C  = Ikan disuntik dengan ekstrak bangkal konsentrasi 80%, dan D  = Kontrol (ikan tidak disuntik), diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Perlakuan ini didapat dari hasil uji sensitivitas antibakteri bangkal yang mempunyai daya hambat dan daya bunuh paling besar terhadap bakteri A. hydrophila yaitu ekstrak daun bangkal dengan pelarut akuades. Pengujian MIC menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak bangkal-akuades memiliki daya hambat minimal  20 % terhadap aktivitas bakteri A. hydrophila. Hasil uji toksisitas yang dilakukan terhadap ikan nila dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 80%  mortalitas ikan nila dibawah 50 %. Pengamatan hematologis yaitu eretrosit, leokosit, plasma darah, hematokrit dan leokokrit pada masing-masing perlakuan sebagian besar masih berada dalam kisaran yang normal. Parameter kualitas air yaitu, kadar oksigen terlarut,  pH, amoniak, CO2 dan suhu masih dapat mendukung kehidupan normal ikan nila.The purpose of this study was obtained method of controlling diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in fish farming is environmentally friendly. In this study the sensitivity of the test  A. hydrophila, a minimum test konsentari inhibiting A. hydrophila (MIC test) and toxicity test on  tilapia. The design used for toxicity tests is completely randomized design with 4 treatments it A = Fish injected with extracts bangkal concentration of 20 %,  B = Fish injected with extracts bangkal concentration of 40 %, C = Fish injected with extracts of 80 % concentration bangkal, and D = Control ( fish not injected ), repeated 3 times. This treatment was obtained from the results of the sensitivity test antibacterial bangkal inhibition and has the power to kill most of the bacteria against A. hydrophila is bangkal leaf extract with distilled water solvent. MIC testing showed that the extract bangkal - distilled water has a minimum of 20 % inhibition of the bacterial activity A. hydrophila. Results of toxicity tests conducted on tilapia with a concentration of 20 %, 40 % and 80 % mortality of tilapia under 50 %. Haematological observation that eretrosit, leokosit, blood plasm, hematocrit and leokokrit in each treatment is still in the normal range. The water quality parameters, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, CO2 and temperature can still support the normal life of tilapia.

scholarly journals Growth and Nutritional Efficiency of Watermelon Plants Grown under Macronutrient Deficiencies

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Santos Cavalcante ◽  
Renato de Mello Prado ◽  
Ricardo de Lima Vasconcelos ◽  
Hilário Júnior de Almeida ◽  
Thais Ramos da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Color Index ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Nutrient Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Utilization ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Biological damage caused by macronutrient deficiency in watermelon plants is still not known, and may lead to nutritional disorders and alterations in absorption and utilization efficiencies, depending on the evaluated nutrient. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the growth and nutritional efficiency of watermelon plants grown under macronutrient deficiencies. The experiments were carried out in pots containing an aerated nutrient solution. Treatments consisted of the nutrient solution containing (control) or lacking nitrogen (−N), phosphorus (−P), potassium (−K), calcium (−Ca), magnesium (−Mg), and sulfur (−S), in a completely randomized design with three replications. At the end of the experiment with the onset of symptoms of deficiency, plant growth, green color index, nutrient accumulation, nutrient uptake, nutrient utilization efficiency, root density, and foliar deficiency symptoms were evaluated. P, K, Ca, Mg, and S deficiencies increased plant utilization efficiency and can potentiate watermelon development in environments deficient in these nutrients. The opposite was observed concerning nitrogen deficiency, because this condition induced greater biological damage, with low utilization efficiency, indicating the sensitivity of this species in low N conditions.

scholarly journals Analisis Respons Imun Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio Koi) yang Divaksin dengan Whole Protein Spora Myxobolus koi sebagai Kandidat Vaksin Myxobolusis [ Immune Response Analysis of Fish Koi (Cyprinus carpio Koi) Vaccinated Myxobolus Koi Spores Whole Protein as Vaccine Candidate Myxobolusis]

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Mohamad Yusuf ◽  
Gunanti Mahasri ◽  
Mufasirin Mufasirin
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio Koi

Abstract Myxobolus is one of parasites on koi fish that belongs to a class myxosporea that can infect and systemic and can cause harm to the fish farming. Vaccination is an attempt to cause-specific endurance through vaccination. Observations differential leukocytes and increased optical density values can be used to determine the effectiveness of the vaccine is given. This study aims to analyze the immune response koi fish vaccinated with Myxobolus koi spores whole protein for vaccine development myxobolusis in koi fish. The method used in this study is Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The results showed that a change in the total number and types of leukocytes that can be used as indicators of the presence of certain infectious diseases that occure in fish. The highest value of lymphocytes in treatment B, monocytes highest in treatment D, neutrophils on treatment D, eosinophils on treatment A and basophils highest in treatment A. The observation of the highest optical density value in treatment B (fish vaccinated and infected 80 M. koi spores / tail) of 0.593 at day 30, while the lowest in treatment D (fish are not vaccinated but diinveksi 80 M. koi spores / tail) of 0,064 in 30 days

scholarly journals Water potential and gas exchanges in sugarcane irrigated with saline waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquele M. de Lira ◽  
Ênio F. de F. e Silva ◽  
Marcone da S. Barros ◽  
Leandro C. Gordin ◽  
Lilia G. Willadino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT In Pernambuco, state in the northeastern region of Brazil, in the coastal areas, due to the intrusion of seawater, the waters used for sugarcane irrigation can have high salt contents and cause serious problems to soil and plant. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation with saline water on the physiology of sugarcane, variety RB867515, irrigated under five salinity levels of 0.5; 2.0; 3.5; 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1 in a completely randomized design, with four replicates in drainage lysimeters. The study was conducted in the period from December 2014 to June 2015, at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). Salinity levels were obtained by dissolving NaCl and CaCl2 in water from the local supply system (ECw = 0.5 dS m-1). Leaves were analyzed for stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis at 140, 229 and 320 days after planting (DAP) and for water potential at 137, 243 and 318 DAP. Increase in irrigation water salinity inhibited all variables at the respective plant ages and with greater intensity in the first evaluations (140 and 229 DAP) for stomatal conductance and transpiration. Photosynthesis and water potential showed the greatest linear reductions at the last data collection (320 and 318 DAP), respectively. Increase in salinity of irrigation water hampered water potential and gas exchange in the leaves of RB867515 sugarcane.

Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activity in canola under salt stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Abili ◽  
Sajjad Zare
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid

Salinity is one of the major stresses in arid and semi-arid regions causing adverse effects at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels, limiting crop productivity. In this research, three canola cultivars (Licord, Talayeh, Zarfam) were compared at 5 salinity levels (control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) for their catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activity,proline and yield in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. In our study, we found that NaCl concentrations greater than 150 and 200 mM caused the irreversible disorders. Increased salt concentrations led to significant changes in the levels of antioxidative enzymes and proline in three canola cultivars. Also, yield rates in three varieties decreased in the presence of NaCl concentrations.

scholarly journals Effect of gibberellic acid, stratification and salinity on seed germination of Echinacea purpurea cv. Magnus

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamila Yadolahi Zadeh ◽  
Ali Akbar Ramin ◽  
Bahram Baninasab
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Mean Time

SummaryThis study was conducted in order to determine the appropriate treatment for breaking dormancy and the effect of salinity on seed germination of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpureacv. Magnus), in two separate experiments. In the first experiment, five levels of gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg×L−1) with four levels of cold moist stratification period of seeds at 5°C (0, 5, 10 and 15 days) were launched. A factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The statistical analysis showed that concentration of 250 mg×L−1GA3with 10 days of cold moist chilling significantly increased the percentage of germination of normal seedlings and reduced the mean time of germination. In the second experiment, the seeds were chilled for 10 days at 5°C and half of them treated with 250 mg×L−1GA3for 24 hours. The seeds treated with GA3, and those non-treated were subjected to NaCl for salinity stress. The experiment was conducted using five salinity levels (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM NaCl) in four replications in a completely randomized design. The results showed that purple coneflower is highly sensitive to salinity in the germination stage. The results also showed that by increasing salinity levels, the percentage of germination and normal seedlings significantly decreased and the mean time to germination increased, compared to the control treatment. But the seeds treated with GA3showed higher viability and better performance under salinity stress condition.

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