scholarly journals The effect of sertraline on cognitive, psychomotor and personality-behavioural parameters in therapy of depression (clinical case)

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
T. I. Vazagayeva ◽  
R. V. Akhapki ◽  
A. O. Korendyukhina ◽  
A. Z. Fayzulloyev
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Frustration Tolerance ◽  
Behavioural Activity ◽  
Operative Memory ◽  
Fixed Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Self Protection

The article presents a clinical case of the use of the antidepressant sertraline at a dose of 100 mg in a patient with a primary moderate depressive episode. At the time of treatment, the condition lasted 16 months, and symptomatology of anxiousapathic depression of endoreactive type was observed. Positive therapeutic dynamics were observed in the course of therapy with achieving clinical remission by the end of the 6th week of treatment. The reduction of anxiodepressive symptomatology was accompanied by positive dynamics of psychomotor indices with normalization of balance of excitation and inhibition processes, cognitive indices with improvement of executive functions in the form of increase of polyindependence, functional mobility of nervous processes and stress resistance, increase of productivity and stability of attention, operative memory. Significant positive changes were observed in the analysis of formal-dynamic personal characteristics: the level of psychomotor and intellectual emotionality decreased, which reflects a decrease in the intensity of emotional experience of the divergence between the expected and real results of activity, the levels of intellectual plasticity reflecting the flexibility of thinking, intellectual and communicative speed, i.e. the speed of mental processes, speech activity and verbalization increased. In the personal- emotional sphere there was an increase in frustration tolerance, balance of extrapunitive, intrapunitive and impulsive directions of reactions, increase in frequency of «obstacle-fixed» type of reaction and decrease in frequency of «self-protection» type of reaction, decrease in aggressiveness index. At the same time there were no changes in «behavioural activity types» technique: the expressed behavioural pattern of «A» type of so-called «stress-coronary» behaviour was preserved. The revealed changes indicate an increase in the adaptive capacity of the individual against the background of remitative antidepressive pharmacotherapy with sertraline.

The (Mis) Education of Immigrant Children in Today’s America

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Gabriela E. Gui
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Immigrant Students ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Survey Interviews ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Education Classrooms

In today’s America, not every child starts on a level playing field, and very few children move ahead based solely on hard work or talent. Generational poverty and a lack of cultural capital hold many students back, robbing them of the opportunity to move up professionally and socially. Children of immigrants are especially at-risk because, in addition to facing poverty, race, geographical location or economic disadvantages, they are also confronted with failure due to their limited or non-existent English proficiency. This study focuses on the degree to which teachers in a mid-sized urban school district take into consideration the individual needs of immigrant children in the process of their education. The study also examines the preparation teachers have had to equip them with knowledge of best practices in teaching immigrant children, and the relationship between teachers’ practices, beliefs, and their demographic and personal characteristics (age, gender, years of experience, level of education, etc.). Quantitative data was collected via a survey. Interviews with teachers and one central office administrator provided data for the qualitative section of the study. The findings revealed that teachers, in general, appeared to lack knowledge of specific policies for mainstreaming immigrant students into general education classrooms; their use of effective teaching practices for working with immigrant children were limited; and most of the teachers had not participated actively in professional development that focused on teaching immigrant children.

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE TYPES OF SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE SITUATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
O. A. Belyaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Individual

The ideas of the article are based on the high social significance of discussing the practices of inclusive interaction in various spheres of life and ensuring the variability of approaches to the integration of children with special educational needs into the general education system. On the basis of the environmental approach in education, presented in the works of domestic and foreign authors, the basic principles are outlined and the general difficulties of the functioning of inclusive practice at the present stage are identified. The strategy of applying the vector approach to the examination and modeling of the environment of inclusive interaction and designing ways to improve it for the organization of psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process in school is justified. On the basis of the generalized results of the survey of teachers who organize the education of children with disabilities in non-specialized classes, the features and the type of relations that are currently developing in the joint education of schoolchildren with different educational needs during their integration into a single educational space are characterized. Using the methodology of psychological and pedagogical expertise of the school environment, the typification of the most characteristic influences exerted at modern schools on a child with a developmental disorder is carried out. The emerging dominant modality of the educational environment, its orientation to the development of relationships between teachers and peers, based on the priority of stimulating the activity of the individual with different degrees of manifestation of its freedom or dependence, is revealed. The article describes potential capabilities of each of the diagnosed types of environment in terms of its resources for ensuring freedom of choice of activities, stimulating activity, developing students' independence, and forming their personal characteristics. The diagnosed priority of creative and career-oriented orientation allowed us to draw conclusions about the currently established approaches to the inclusion of children with deviant development in the environment of normotypic peers.

Conspicuous consumption of luxury experiences: an experimental investigation of status perceptions on social media

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Siepmann ◽  
Lisa Carola Holthoff ◽  
Pascal Kowalczuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Purpose As luxury goods are losing their importance for demonstrating status, wealth or power to others, individuals are searching for alternative status symbols. Recently, individuals have increasingly used conspicuous consumption and displays of experiences on social media to obtain affirmation. This study aims to analyze the effects of luxury and nonluxury experiences, as well as traditional luxury goods on status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Design/methodology/approach After presenting the theoretical foundation, the authors conduct a study with 599 participants to compare status perceptions elicited by the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods, luxury experiences and nonluxury experiences. The authors investigate whether experiences that are visibly consumed on Instagram are replacing traditional luxury goods as the most important status symbols. Furthermore, the authors examine the effects of the content shown on nonstatus-related dimensions and analyze whether status perceptions differ between female and male social media communicators. Finally, the authors analyze how personal characteristics (self-esteem, self-actualization and materialism) influence the status perceptions of others on social media. Findings The results show that luxury goods are still the most important means of displaying status. However, especially for women, luxury experiences are also associated with a high level of social status. Thus, the results imply important gender differences in the perceptions of status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that, in particular, the individual characteristics of self-actualization and materialism affect status perceptions depending on the posted content. Originality/value While the research has already considered some alternative forms of conspicuous consumption, little attention has been given to experiences as status symbols. However, with their growing importance as substitutes for luxury goods and the rise of social media, the desire to conspicuously consume experiences is increasing. The authors address this gap in the literature by focusing on the conspicuous display of luxury and nonluxury experiences on social media.

scholarly journals “We Thought We Were Alone”: The Subjective Experience of the Siblings of Anorexic Adolescent Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Persico ◽  
Salome Grandclerc ◽  
Catherine Giraud ◽  
Marie Rose Moro ◽  
Corinne Blanchet
Keyword(s):  
Support Group ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Family Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sibling Group

Objective: The siblings of patients suffering from Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are potentially affected by a disturbed emotional experience that often remains undetected. In order to bring them a psychological support, the Maison de Solenn proposed a support group program for these siblings. The current research explores their mental representations of AN and their emotional experience in the support group named “sibling group.”Method: This exploratory study is based on a phenomenological and inductive qualitative method. Four girls and three boys aged between 6 and 19 participating in the “sibling group” were included in a one-time focus group session using a semi-structured interview guide. The thematic data analysis was performed by applying the methods of interpretative phenomenological analysis.Results: Themes that emerged from the interview fall into four categories: AN explained by siblings; the individual emotional experience of siblings; the family experience of siblings and the experience inside the “sibling group.”Discussion: According to our participants, the “sibling group” thus functions as a good compromise between keeping an active role in the anorexic patient's care and taking a step back to avoid being eaten up by the illness. Sibling-group participants retrieved a sense of belonging, which is normally one of the functions of being a sibling. It is important to note that the “sibling group” is part of the comprehensive (or global) family-based approach included in an institutional multidisciplinary integrative care framework.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF STUDYING THE INDIVIDUAL-PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADOLESCENTS WITH TOBACCO SMOKING ADDICTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(82)) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
М. Кулаченко
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Smoking Addiction ◽  
The Individual

The article is concentrated on attention to concerning about individual−personality characteristics of the smoking-prone teenagers, while organizing the prophylaxis. Methods of studying the problem are shown, and the results of an empirical study are described.

scholarly journals The system of personalized instruction in school education: problems of implementation and adaptation

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Polina O. Kraynova ◽  
Alexey S. Obukhov
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Personalized Learning ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Learning System ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Learning Platform ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Individual

In the context of global trends in the humanization of education, issues of differentiation, individualization and personalization of education are actively discussed. At the same time, the key question remains – how to preserve the individual capabilities, interests and needs of each student while maintaining collective learning formats? How to take into account the personal characteristics and capabilities of each when passing and mastering general education programs? One such solution was the PCBL personalized learning platform developed in the USA. Currently, the Khoroshevskaya school is introducing and adapting this platform to the Russian conditions of education. The article examines the specific case of implementing a system of personalized competency-based education in a separate school – what problems, barriers and difficulties are encountered in its implementation. The study is built in the logic of qualitative research on the basis of high-quality research interviews with the main participants in the educational process in the context of introducing a personalized learning system.

scholarly journals Foreign language as a means of educating a professional

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
A. B. Khramtcova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Rethinking the goals of vocational education, integrating into the international professional community, required rethinking of the academic disciplines role, which primarily affected the foreign language. Researchers note its importance for successful professional activity, for the development of special qualities. At the same time, the problem of educating professional responsibility, conditioned by the outlook of the individual, the conviction of the need to make professional decisions with an orientation towards their consequences for society and the country as a whole, has ceased to be a priority. The article focuses on the means of implementing the educational function of a foreign language in the unity of the content (context of the language) and methods of comparison with regional natural history, which activates creative thinking and affects the social position in the perception of the modern worldview, on the formation of a person's motivational-value attitude to his native culture. Comparative analysis of the native and foreign language culture allows a deeper understanding of the native culture and the formation of patriotic beliefs. The conclusions obtained in the course of understanding the educational function of a foreign language are based on the results of a comprehensive study conducted by graduate students of Samara University on the theory and methodology of vocational education, the purpose of which was to determine the effective personal characteristics of students in different areas of vocational training.

scholarly journals Violence Against Authority: Management, Policy, And Research Implications

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Randy R. Edwards ◽  
C. Kenneth Meyer ◽  
Stephen E. Clapham
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The U.S

There has been a steady decline in violent crime in the United States in the past twenty years. Trends indicate that violent crime was down 13.4 percent below the 200l level and for property crime, society is experiencing the tenth straight year of declining rates. Yet, the Southern region of the U.S is disproportionately represented by percentage of overall violent crimes committed nationally. Also, the South is over-represented in the number of police officers who are feloniously killed or assaulted. This empirical research concentrates on violence directed against police in the U.S. and begins by examining the type and magnitude of workplace violence, then transitions to a review of the sociological, political, and psychological literature, focusing on the individual and social causes for violence generally. It ends with an examination of officers feloniously killed (their personal characteristics and that of their assailants), the level of violence against police by type of arrest or enforcement situation, and by region of the country. This paper provides a comparative analysis of street-level violence for general municipal assaults, robbery, and the most rapidly growing type of felonious assaultambush attacks. The paper concludes with an analysis of the societal and behavioral characteristics and considerations related to violence against police. The authors present a number of current trends, training recommendations, and suggestions for improving officer workplace safety.

scholarly journals MAIN INDIVIDUAL AND TYPOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY IN YOUNG PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT SOMATOTYPE WITH NORMAL AND HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
S. N. Vadzyuk ◽  
L. I. Horban ◽  
I. Ya. Papinko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Higher Nervous Activity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Individual

Background. The individual and typological features of the central nervous system are interpreted as highly genetically determined. Each somatotype is characterized by morphofunctional features of the activity of different systems, including the circulatory system. Objective. The aim of the research was to study the features of the main individual and typological parameters of higher nervous activity in persons of different somatotype with normal and high blood pressure (BP). Methods. In the control group of the surveyed patients the BP value corresponded to the optimal level according to the WHO classification (125 people). The second group consisted of individuals, whose systolic blood pressure exceeded 130 mmHg at the time of the study and (or) diastolic – 85 mmHg (135 people). Somatotyping technique by Carter and Heath was used. Functional mobility (FMNP) and strength of nervous processes (SNP) were determined using the Diagnost-1 program (Makarenko and Lizogub). Results. In the individuals with predominance of ecto- and mesomorphic somatotype component, higher levels of major nervous processes were reported in response to strenuous processing of information, which was associated with more advanced mechanisms of information processing, its neurophysiological support. In people with endomorphic somatotype the lower levels of FMNP and SNP were clearly detected that could indicate that the speed characteristics of the nervous processes in them are at a lower level. Conclusions. In normal blood pressure, the highest indicator of FMNP was found in the individuals with predominance of ecto- and mesomorphic component. In the group with high blood pressure, the indicator at the level below the average was in endomorphs. Predominance of the ectomorphic component tended to increase in the surveyed, and in the mesomorphs was at the average level. The lowest level of SNP was found in the individuals with endomorphic somatotype of both groups.

scholarly journals The selection process of teacher candidate in Austria and Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-132
Author(s):  
Mehmet Canbulat ◽  
Ayşe Nur Kutluca Canbulat
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Upper Austria ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Placement Center ◽  
Do So

The aim of this study is to analyze the selection process of teacher candidates in Turkey and Austria education systems. In the study, the Upper Austria Higher Education documents on the selection processes were examined and the teacher candidates' selection processes were observed. For the Turkish side, the higher education selection handbooks by Student Selection and Placement Center (OSYM) were examined and 96 teacher candidates were interviewed. According to the findings, in Austria's teacher education system, the students should volunteer to be a teacher and also must fulfill compliance of the profession. In Turkey, on the other hand, the teacher candidates were selected according to the central examination results conducted by ÖSYM. While scores are taken into account in the areas such as mathematics, social sciences, science, geometry, etc., the evaluation related to the individual reasons for seeking this profession, individuals' eligibility of the teaching profession and personal characteristics are not considered in this selection process. The interview results revealed that while some of the candidates were willing to become a teacher, others reported obligation to do so and some stated that they accidently selected to be a teacher.

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