scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Nutraceuticals in LPS-induced Mouse Neuroinflammation Model: An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 636-654
Author(s):  
Miryam Nava Catorce ◽  
Goar Gevorkian
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Basic Features

It is known that peripheral infections, accompanied by inflammation, represent significant risk factors for the development of neurological disorders by modifying brain development or affecting normal brain aging. The acute effects of systemic inflammation on progressive and persistent brain damage and cognitive impairment are well documented. Anti-inflammatory therapies may have beneficial effects on the brain, and the protective properties of a wide range of synthetic and natural compounds have been extensively explored in recent years. In our previous review, we provided an extensive analysis of one of the most important and widely-used animal models of peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration - lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. We addressed the data reproducibility in published research and summarized basic features and data on the therapeutic potential of various natural products, nutraceuticals, with known antiinflammatory effects, for reducing neuroinflammation in this model. Here, recent data on the suitability of the LPS-induced murine neuroinflammation model for preclinical assessment of a large number of nutraceuticals belonging to different groups of natural products such as flavonoids, terpenes, non-flavonoid polyphenols, glycosides, heterocyclic compounds, organic acids, organosulfur compounds and xanthophylls, are summarized. Also, the proposed mechanisms of action of these molecules are discussed.

scholarly journals Mitoprotective Effects of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.: Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Opportunities in Neurodegenerative Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Hui Wong ◽  
Anna M. Barron ◽  
Jafri Malin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Natural products remain a crucial source of drug discovery for accessible and affordable solutions for healthy aging. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. (CA) is an important medicinal plant with a wide range of ethnomedicinal uses. Past in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that the plant extract and its key components, such as asiatic acid, asiaticoside, madecassic acid and madecassoside, exhibit a range of anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cognitive benefits mechanistically linked to mitoprotective and antioxidant properties of the plant. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key drivers of aging and neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Here we appraise the growing body of evidence that the mitoprotective and antioxidative effects of CA may potentially be harnessed for the treatment of brain aging and neurodegenerative disease.

scholarly journals Zanjabeel (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.): An Evidence-Based Review of Anti-nociceptive, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Fatima Khan ◽  
Mohd Nayab ◽  
Abdul Nasir Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ginger has been appreciated for over 2500-3000 years in many parts of the world due to its numerous scientific properties. The ginger plant (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. It is a known food and flavoring ingredient reputed for its wide range of medicinal properties that have been widely used in Chinese, Ayurvedic, and Unāni Tibb worldwide, since antiquity. Ginger has long been used to cure a variety of ailments, including diarrhea, stomach discomfort, indigestion, and nausea. It is a versatile herb with phenomenal phytotherapeutic and medicinal properties. Active ingredients available in ginger such as 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 6-paradol, and zingerone are responsible for upgrading enzyme actions and balancing circulation through rejuvenating the body with physical re-strengthening. Gingerols, the key phenolic plant secondary metabolites responsible for its distinct flavor and health benefits, are found in the rhizome of ginger Extensive study has been undertaken over the last two decades to uncover bioactive ingredients and the therapeutic potential of ginger. This review considers ginger's chemical composition and the most recent study findings on its possible health advantages, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties due to its phytochemistry. Overall, clinical trials are needed to confirm these prospective various health advantages of ginger in human subjects and the most efficacious dosage, based on the current body of scientific literature.

scholarly journals Potential Implications of Quercetin and its Derivatives in Cardioprotection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Ferenczyova ◽  
Barbora Kalocayova ◽  
Monika Bartekova
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Cardiac Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Wide Range

Quercetin (QCT) is a natural polyphenolic compound enriched in human food, mainly in vegetables, fruits and berries. QCT and its main derivatives, such as rhamnetin, rutin, hyperoside, etc., have been documented to possess many beneficial effects in the human body including their positive effects in the cardiovascular system. However, clinical implications of QCT and its derivatives are still rare. In the current paper we provide a complex picture of the most recent knowledge on the effects of QCT and its derivatives in different types of cardiac injury, mainly in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the heart, but also in other pathologies such as anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity or oxidative stress-induced cardiac injury, documented in in vitro and ex vivo, as well as in in vivo experimental models of cardiac injury. Moreover, we focus on cardiac effects of QCT in presence of metabolic comorbidities in addition to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Finally, we provide a short summary of clinical studies focused on cardiac effects of QCT. In general, it seems that QCT and its metabolites exert strong cardioprotective effects in a wide range of experimental models of cardiac injury, likely via their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and molecular pathways-modulating properties; however, ageing and presence of lifestyle-related comorbidities may confound their beneficial effects in heart disease. On the other hand, due to very limited number of clinical trials focused on cardiac effects of QCT and its derivatives, clinical data are inconclusive. Thus, additional well-designed human studies including a high enough number of patients testing different concentrations of QCT are needed to reveal real therapeutic potential of QCT in CVD. Finally, several negative or controversial effects of QCT in the heart have been reported, and this should be also taken into consideration in QCT-based approaches aimed to treat CVD in humans.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Iridoid Derivatives: Patent Review

Inventions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Ivan R. Green ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Liaquat Raza ◽  
Mamona Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Patent Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Plant Families

Iridoids belong to a family of monoterpenoids comprising the cyclopentan[c]-pyran system; this class of compounds offers a wide range of biological effects, namely antileishmanial, anticancer, antiplasmodial, and anti-inflammatory potency. To date, a large number of biologically active iridoid derivatives have been reported from various plant families, including Rubiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Verbenaceae. Furthermore, iridoids have the potential to form conjugates with other anticancer, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, and antimalarial drugs which synergistically have the potential to increase their effects. Additionally, future research should focus on the synthesis of halo analogs as well as preparing homo dimers or heterodimers of iridoids, since these might quite conceivably possess an increased bioactivity.

A systematic Review of Aloe vera and its Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-259
Author(s):  
Farha Fatma ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pharmaceutical Uses

Aloe vera is one of the oldest medicinal plant ever known, commonly known as Ghrit Kumari. It is well known for its therapeutic potential. Some of its beneficial effects include anticancer, hypoglycemic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, burn healing properties. Phytochemistry of Aloe vera gel has revealed presence of bioactive chemicals. In this review paper, properties of Aloe vera, its composition, its beneficial effects and pharmaceutical uses, its application in foods and cosmetics etc. have been summarized.

scholarly journals Oxidized Phospholipids in Healthy and Diseased Lung Endothelium

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratap Karki ◽  
Konstantin G. Birukov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Oxidized Phospholipids ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Circulating and cell membrane phospholipids undergo oxidation caused by enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. As a result, a diverse group of bioactive oxidized phospholipids generated in these conditions have both beneficial and harmful effects on the human body. Increased production of oxidized phospholipid products with deleterious effects is linked to the pathogenesis of various cardiopulmonary disorders such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, acute lung injury (ALI), and inflammation. It has been determined that the contrasting biological effects of lipid oxidation products are governed by their structural variations. For example, full-length products of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine oxidation (OxPAPC) have prominent endothelial barrier protective and anti-inflammatory activities while most of the truncated oxidized phospholipids induce vascular leak and exacerbate inflammation. The extensive studies from our group and other groups have demonstrated a strong potential of OxPAPC in mitigating a wide range of agonist-induced lung injuries and inflammation in pulmonary endothelial cell culture and rodent models of ALI. Concurrently, elevated levels of truncated oxidized phospholipids are present in aged mice lungs that potentiate the inflammatory agents-induced lung injury. On the other hand, increased levels of full length OxPAPC products accelerate ALI recovery by facilitating production of anti-inflammatory lipid mediator, lipoxin A4, and other molecules with anti-inflammatory properties. These findings suggest that OxPAPC-assisted lipid program switch may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of acute inflammatory syndromes. In this review, we will summarize the vascular-protective and deleterious aspects of oxidized phospholipids and discuss their therapeutic potential including engineering of stable analogs of oxidized phospholipids with improved anti-inflammatory and barrier-protective properties.

scholarly journals Rutin as a Potent Antioxidant: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adaze Bijou Enogieru ◽  
William Haylett ◽  
Donavon Charles Hiss ◽  
Soraya Bardien ◽  
Okobi Eko Ekpo
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

A wide range of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and prion diseases, share common mechanisms such as neuronal loss, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Intervention strategies using plant-derived bioactive compounds have been offered as a form of treatment for these debilitating conditions, as there are currently no remedies to prevent, reverse, or halt the progression of neuronal loss. Rutin, a glycoside of the flavonoid quercetin, is found in many plants and fruits, especially buckwheat, apricots, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, and oranges. Pharmacological studies have reported the beneficial effects of rutin in many disease conditions, and its therapeutic potential in several models of NDs has created considerable excitement. Here, we have summarized the current knowledge on the neuroprotective mechanisms of rutin in various experimental models of NDs. The mechanisms of action reviewed in this article include reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, improved antioxidant enzyme activities, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, downregulation of mRNA expression of PD-linked and proapoptotic genes, upregulation of the ion transport and antiapoptotic genes, and restoration of the activities of mitochondrial complex enzymes. Taken together, these findings suggest that rutin may be a promising neuroprotective compound for the treatment of NDs.

scholarly journals Bone Marrow Stem Cell Derived Paracrine Factors for Regenerative Medicine: Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Potential

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom J. Burdon ◽  
Arghya Paul ◽  
Nicolas Noiseux ◽  
Satya Prakash ◽  
Dominique Shum-Tim
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Survival Pathways ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technical Issues

During the past several years, there has been intense research in the field of bone marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC) therapy to facilitate its translation into clinical setting. Although a lot has been accomplished, plenty of challenges lie ahead. Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence showing that administration of BMSC-derived conditioned media (BMSC-CM) can recapitulate the beneficial effects observed after stem cell therapy. BMSCs produce a wide range of cytokines and chemokines that have, until now, shown extensive therapeutic potential. These paracrine mechanisms could be as diverse as stimulating receptor-mediated survival pathways, inducing stem cell homing and differentiation or regulating the anti-inflammatory effects in wounded areas. The current review reflects the rapid shift of interest from BMSC to BMSC-CM to alleviate many logistical and technical issues regarding cell therapy and evaluates its future potential as an effective regenerative therapy.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Resveratrol in COVID-19-Associated Hemostatic Disorders

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 856
Author(s):  
Roberta Giordo ◽  
Angelo Zinellu ◽  
Ali Hussein Eid ◽  
Gianfranco Pintus
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Coagulation Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Primary Hemostasis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders ◽  
Different Levels

Coagulation disorders, endotheliopathy and inflammation are the most common hallmarks in SARS-CoV-2 infection, largely determining COVID-19’s outcome and severity. Dysfunctions of endothelial cells and platelets are tightly linked in contributing to the systemic inflammatory response that appears to be both a cause and a consequence of COVID-19-associated coagulation disorders and thrombotic events. Indeed, elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines are often associated with abnormal coagulation parameters in COVID-19 patients. Although treatments with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) have shown beneficial effects in decreasing patient mortality with severe COVID-19, additional therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Utilizing the anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties of natural compounds may provide alternative therapeutic approaches to prevent or reduce the risk factors associated with pre-existing conditions and comorbidities that can worsen COVID-19 patients’ outcomes. In this regard, resveratrol, a natural compound found in several plants and fruits such as grapes, blueberries and cranberries, may represent a promising coadjuvant for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. By virtue of its anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties, resveratrol would be expected to lower COVID-19-associated mortality, which is well known to be increased by thrombosis and inflammation. This review analyzes and discusses resveratrol’s ability to modulate vascular hemostasis at different levels targeting both primary hemostasis (interfering with platelet activation and aggregation) and secondary hemostasis (modulating factors involved in coagulation cascade).

scholarly journals Profile of Bioactive Phyto-compounds in Essential Oil of Cymbopogon martinii from Palani Hills, Western Ghats, INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
C. Soorya ◽  
S. Balamurugan ◽  
Afroze Naveed Basha ◽  
C. Kandeepan ◽  
S. Ramya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Geranyl Butyrate ◽  
Cymbopogon Martinii ◽  
Novel Drug

Worldwide interest in use of plants based natural products (PBNPs) has been growing, and its beneficial effects being rediscovered for the development of novel drugs. Literature survey on indigenous traditional knowledge bestows ethnopharmacological potentials of PBNPs that has inspired current research in drug design and discovery; PBNPs provide baseline for the development of novel drug leads against various pharmacological targets. Studies indicate that Cymbopogon martini Essential Oil (CMEO) exhibit wide range of biological activities such as hepatoprotective, antifungal, insecticide, antioxidant and antibacterial. Pharmacological properties in Palmarosa Essential Oil (PEO) may be due to the presence of compounds like 4-Decen-6-yne, (Z), 2-Ethylimino-4-methyl-pent-3-enenitrile, Dihydrocarvyl acetate, 2-Methylbenzaldehyde, Geranyl butyrate, 1,5,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,4,7-cycloundecatriene. However, its application is limited because of the odor, color and taste. In the present study, GCMS based profile of bioactive phyto-compounds in essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii along with its physiochemical, biological, molecular, pharmacological and drugable properties has been envisaged. Keywords: Cymbopogon martinii Essential Oil (CMEO); Pharmacological Activity; ADMET Properties; Bioactive Compounds; Plant Based Natural Products (PBNPs);

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