Impact of Microencapsulation on Two Probiotic Strains in Alginate Chitosan and Eudragit S100 Under Gastrointestinal and Normal Conditions

Background: Nanoparticles in biotechnology studies have played a significant role during the recent years and a wide range of them are being applied in food industries to prolong the microorganisms viability for more effective function in food processing and human gut. Methods: The main purpose of this research was evaluating the viability of two bacteria of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus bulgaricus treated through double-coated beads including alginate Chitosan (First coating), and Eudragit S100 (Second coating) in simulated Gastrointestinal (GI) circumstance and yogurt. Free cells were employed as a control test and the results reflected that microencapsulated strains can survive longer than the normal cells. Results: The number of free cells of L. casei and L. bulgaricus respectively decreased from 6.0×106 and 7.2×106 (In the first day) to 4.1×105 and 5.3×106 (In the day 32) in GI condition. Also, in the same intervals of time, the number of double-coated L. casei and L. bulgaricus decreased respectively from 6.9×108 and 7.1×108 to 4.5×107 and 3.1×107 in simulated condition. Furthermore, the pH rate steadily decreased, however, it was more dramatic in the first week, whereas the trend gradually became more moderate in the last two measurements. Conclusion: Results indicated that microencapsulation increases the bacteria viability. Also, the pattern of pH changes was similar for both strains and revealed that the rates of pH and acidity in both double-coated and normal forms are close to the control test in the final measurement.

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Starter cultures biotechnology: The production of concentrated lactic cultures in alginate beads and their applications in the nutraceutical and food industries

Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.2298/ciceq0601011c ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 11-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Claude Champagne

Keyword(s):

Fermentation Process ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Alginate Beads ◽

Starter Cultures ◽

Food Industries ◽

Free Cells ◽

Potential Benefits

Lactic cultures are widely used in food fermentations and as probiotic supplements. Some strains are damaged by the various steps of fermentation concentration and drying involved in the biotechnology process. Growing cells in alginate beads instead of free cells in a culture medium can answer some of these problems. In this review, the characteristics of the fermentation process based on growing microentrapped (ME) lactic cultures in alginate beads are presented. Potential benefits to nutraceutical and food industries of ME cultures are also presented.

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Bioprocesses with Reduced Ecological Footprint by Marine Debaryomyces hansenii Strain for Potential Applications in Circular Economy

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7121028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 1028

Author(s):

Silvia Donzella ◽

Claudia Capusoni ◽

Luisa Pellegrino ◽

Concetta Compagno

Keyword(s):

Ecological Footprint ◽

Debaryomyces Hansenii ◽

High Growth ◽

High Growth Rate ◽

Food Industries ◽

Starting Point ◽

Wide Range ◽

Potential Applications ◽

A Cell ◽

Marine Strain

The possibility to perform bioprocesses with reduced ecological footprint to produce natural compounds and catalyzers of industrial interest is pushing the research for salt tolerant microorganisms able to grow on seawater-based media and able to use a wide range of nutrients coming from waste. In this study we focused our attention on a Debaryomyces hansenii marine strain (Mo40). We optimized cultivation in a bioreactor at low pH on seawater-based media containing a mixture of sugars (glucose and xylose) and urea. Under these conditions the strain exhibited high growth rate and biomass yield. In addition, we characterized potential applications of this yeast biomass in food/feed industry. We show that Mo40 can produce a biomass containing 45% proteins and 20% lipids. This strain is also able to degrade phytic acid by a cell-bound phytase activity. These features represent an appealing starting point for obtaining D. hansenii biomass in a cheap and environmentally friendly way, and for potential use as an additive or to replace unsustainable ingredients in the feed or food industries, as this species is included in the QPS EFSA list (Quality Presumption as Safe—European Food Safety Authority).

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Antilisterial Activity of Bacteriocins Produced by Lactic Bacteria Isolated from Dairy Products

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9121757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1757

Author(s):

Simona de Niederhäusern ◽

Stefania Camellini ◽

Carla Sabia ◽

Ramona Iseppi ◽

Moreno Bondi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Products ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Soft Cheese ◽

Wide Range ◽

Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽

Diffusion Assay ◽

Lactic Bacteria ◽

Selection Of

Sixty-nine Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria were isolated and identified from Italian dairy products (raw milk, cream, butter, soft cheese and yoghurt) to find new antimicrobial compounds to use as food bio-preservatives. All the isolates were preliminarily screened by the deferred antagonism method for bacteriocin production. Afterwards, to evaluate the release of bacteriocin in liquid medium, the Cell-Free Supernatant Fluid (CFSF) of the best producers was tested by agar well diffusion assay. The study allowed the selection of three bacteriocin producing strains (Enterococcus faecium E23, Bifidobacterium thermophilum B23 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus L21), endowed with the strongest and broadest inhibitory capability against the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. The molecular characteristics and the chemical–physical properties of both producers and the respective bacteriocins were studied and compared. The results showed that E. faecium E23 was the best producer strain and its class IIa bacteriocins, called enterocin E23, exhibited a good spectrum of activity towards L. monocytogenes. Enterocin E23 was stable over a wide range of pH and at low temperatures for at least four months and, for this reason, it can be employed in refrigerated foods for the control of L. monocytogenes, the major concern in dairy products.

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Development of Mango and Tomato Paste and It's Physico-Chemical Characterization

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrst207537 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 165-171

Author(s):

Dakshan Kumar Nethaji ◽

Sakamuri Suresh ◽

J. Esther Hellan Prasanna ◽

V. Vijayagopal ◽

Gurusamy Ramesh

Keyword(s):

Chemical Characterization ◽

Value Added ◽

Food Industries ◽

Mango Tree ◽

Tomato Paste ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Wide Range ◽

Tomato Product ◽

Tomato Pulp ◽

Fresh Pulp

Mangoes are most widely used in cuisine. The Soil requirement for cultivation of Mango tree is a hardy perennial and evergreen tree and it can be grown on a wide range of soils. Value added product such as Milk Shakes can be obtained from fresh pulp of Mango which acts as an excellent source of Vitamin-A and flavonoids. Similar to that high quality Tomato product can be prepared from tomato pulp by using uniformly ripened, red colour tomato. Thus Tomato is nutritious and mostly eaten as processed fruit. So the importance of Climatic Fruit in food industries for the manufacturing of value added Product has received great attention. So the objective of present study is to analyse the composition of mango and tomato and to develop the pulp, and also to know its shelf life which favour the health benefits.

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Investigation of Spatial Distribution, Antimicrobial, and Histopathological Effects of Probiotics on Zebrafish Model Infected with Aeromonas Hydrophila Through Evaluation of IL-1β and TNF-α Genes Expression

10.21203/rs.3.rs-683373/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sheida Ehsannia ◽

Hamed Ahari ◽

Shapour Kakoolaki ◽

Seyed Amirali Anvar ◽

Shima Yousefi

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽

Probiotic Bacteria ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Control Group ◽

Intestinal Tissue ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Probiotic Strains

Abstract Background Usage of “probiotics” for treatment of food-borne pathogens associated diseases, makes a significant reduction in transmission of resistant bacteria, and antimicrobial resistance genes from aquaculture environments to humans. In this research, authors aim to evaluate immunomodulatory, and histological effects of two probiotic strains on Zebrafish model. Biometric tests, height, weight, and mortality rate of the fishes were assessed. Afterward, RT-PCR was conducted for bacterial existence of probiotic strains, and quantitative assessment of alterations in targeted immune genes. Subsequently, histological sampling was done for investigation of spatial distribution, and villus length in proximal, middle, and distal sections of intestinal tissues. Results Based on the results, there was an increased rate of goblet cells, and villus length in the middle and distal sections of intestinal tissue in case groups receiving both probiotic bacteria in 28th and 56th days. Furthermore, highest number of intraepithelial cells was observed in the proximal sections of intestinal tissue in groups receiving both probiotic bacteria in 56th days. The highest gene expression for Lactobacillus bulgaricus was found in groups only treated with this probiotic bacteria in 60th day. The highest gene expression for Lactobacillus acidophilus was found in case groups treated with both of probiotic bacteria in 28th day. The highest expression level of IL-1β, and TNF-α were found in control group (only infected by pathogen and receiving no probiotic). The highest survival rate was in case groups only treated with Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Conclusion To sum up, it seems that usage of probiotic for improvement of public health and fisheries industries can be helpful.

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Versatile and Valuable Utilization of Amidohydrolase L-glutaminase in Pharma and Food industries: A Review

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1574884715666200116110542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 11-24

Author(s):

Chandrasai Potla Durthi ◽

Madhuri Pola ◽

Satish Babu Rajulapati ◽

Anand Kishore Kola ◽

Mohammad Amjad Kamal

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Engineering ◽

Soy Sauce ◽

Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Food Industries ◽

In Silico Studies ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Cancer Agent

L-glutaminase has versatile applications in pharma and food industries. In pharmaceutical industry, L-glutaminase can be used as anti-oxidant and anti-cancer agent to treat Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia (ALL). Whereas, in the food industry, L-glutaminase is used for acrylamide degradation, theanine production, flavour enhancer, soy sauce and many. The other applications include nitrogen metabolism and its use as biosensor in hybridoma technology. Both intra-cellular and extra-cellular L-glutaminases from wide range of sources were identified. Because of its diverse applications, there is a need to improve the production of L-glutaminase by enzyme engineering technology. Effect of recombination on L-glutaminase production was also reported. Researchers also confirmed the antitumor properties of L-glutaminase by conducting in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies. Bacillus sps. and Aspergillus sps. are the commercial producers of L-glutaminase. In this review, the applications, different sources of Lglutaminase, anti-cancer properties were discussed.

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Electrochemical Devices to Monitor Ionic Analytes for Healthcare and Industrial Applications

Chemosensors ◽

10.3390/chemosensors10010022 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Sue-Yuan Fan ◽

Sucharita Khuntia ◽

Christine Heera Ahn ◽

Bing Zhang ◽

Li-Chia Tai

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Sensors ◽

Research Direction ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Food Industries ◽

Healthcare Environment ◽

Wide Range ◽

Electrochemical Devices ◽

Pollution Detection ◽

Low Costs

Recent advances in electrochemical devices have sparked exciting opportunities in the healthcare, environment, and food industries. These devices can be fabricated at low costs and are capable of multiplex monitoring. This overcomes challenges presnted in traditional sensors for biomolecules and provides us a unique gateway toward comprehensive analyses. The advantages of electrochemical sensors are derived from their direct integration with electronics and their high selectivity along with sensitivity to sense a wide range of ionic analytes at an economical cost. This review paper aims to summarize recent innovations of a wide variety of electrochemical sensors for ionic analytes for health care and industrial applications. Many of these ionic analytes are important biomarkers to target for new diagnostic tools for medicine, food quality monitoring, and pollution detection. In this paper, we will examine various fabrication techniques, sensing mechanisms, and will also discuss various future opportunities in this research direction.

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Phenolics and anthocyanins in berries of European cranberry and their antimicrobial activity

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina45120127 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 992 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Laima Česonienė ◽

Ina Jasutienė ◽

Antanas Šarkinas

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Food Industries ◽

Berry Weight ◽

Wide Range ◽

Total Anthocyanins

European cranberry is a berry plant rich in biologically active substances, making it valued by both the phyto-pharmaceutical and food industries. The aim of this study was to examine the accumulation of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in berries of European cranberry and to assess their antibacterial activity. Material and methods. Different wild clones of European cranberry were investigated according to berry weight and the amounts of total phenolics and anthocyanins. Anthocyanin profiles of extracts were evaluated by HPLC, whereas the antimicrobial properties were determined by the agar well diffusion method. A strong negative correlation between berry weight and the amount of anthocyanins was found. The amount of total phenolics among different cranberry clones in the field collection ranged from 224.0 mg/100 g to 498.0 mg/100 g, and the amount of total anthocyanins ranged from 40.7 mg/100 g to 207.3 mg/100 g. Quantitative HPLC-UV analysis revealed six anthocyanins in the berries of European cranberry, among which the anthocyanin peonidin-3-galactoside was most prevalent. Conclusions. Investigation of the antimicrobial properties showed that European cranberry extracts inhibited the growth of wide range of human pathogenic bacteria, both gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis).

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Proteome analysis guided genetic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114 for tween 40-triggered improvement in l-ornithine production

Microbial Cell Factories ◽

10.1186/s12934-019-1272-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yan Jiang ◽

Ming-Zhu Huang ◽

Xue-Lan Chen ◽

Bin Zhang

Keyword(s):

Proteome Analysis ◽

High Yield ◽

Original Strain ◽

Food Industries ◽

Proteomic Approach ◽

Wide Range ◽

Final Strain ◽

Tween 40 ◽

The Impact ◽

Technique Development

Abstract Background l-ornithine is a valuable amino acid with a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. However, the production of l-ornithine by fermentation cannot compete with other methods, because of the low titers produced with this technique. Development of fermentation techniques that result in a high yield of l-ornithine and efficient strategies for improving l-ornithine production are essential. Results This study demonstrates that tween 40, a surfactant promoter of the production of glutamate and arginine, improves l-ornithine production titers in engineered C. glutamicum S9114. The intracellular metabolism under tween 40 triggered fermentation conditions was explored using a quantitative proteomic approach, identifying 48 up-regulated and 132 down-regulated proteins when compared with the control. Numerous proteins were identified as membrane proteins or functional proteins involved in the biosynthesis of the cell wall. Modulation of those genes revealed that the overexpression of CgS9114_09558 and the deletion of CgS9114_13845, CgS9114_02593, and CgS9114_02058 improved the production of l-ornithine in the engineered strain of C. glutamicum Orn8. The final strain with all the exploratory metabolic engineering manipulations produced 25.46 g/L of l-ornithine, and a yield of 0.303 g l-ornithine per g glucose, which was 30.6% higher than that produced by the original strain (19.5 g/L). Conclusion These results clearly demonstrate the positive effect of tween 40 addition on l-ornithine accumulation. Proteome analysis was performed to examine the impact of tween 40 addition on the physiological changes in C. glutamicum Orn8 and the results showed several promising modulation targets for developing l-ornithine-producing strains.

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The Role of Extracting Solvents in the Recovery of Polyphenols from Green Tea and Its Antiradical Activity Supported by Principal Component Analysis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25092173 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 2173

Author(s):

Wojciech Koch ◽

Wirginia Kukuła-Koch ◽

Marcin Czop ◽

Paweł Helon ◽

Ewelina Gumbarewicz

Keyword(s):

Green Tea ◽

Antiradical Activity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Total Content ◽

Solvent System ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Food Industries ◽

Wide Range

Green tea contains a variety of biologically active constituents that are widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Among them, simple catechins constitute a major group of compounds that is primarily responsible for the high biologic activity of green tea extracts. Therefore, the application of optimized extraction conditions may result in obtaining high value extracts. The main purpose of the study was to compare the content of polyphenols, mainly catechins, and the antioxidant activity of green tea extracts obtained by three different extraction methods: simple maceration, ultrasound extraction and accelerated solvent extraction using six various solvent systems. The quality of the extracts was evaluated by LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS methodologies and spectrophotometric determinations. The obtained results revealed that catechins’ extraction efficiency was identical for the three techniques studied. However, larger quantitative differences among the samples were observed when using different solvents. The total content of major catechins and gallic acid was within a very wide range of 10.2–842 mg/L. Ethyl acetate was by far the least effective extractant, regardless of the extraction technique used. After all, the solvent system composed of ethanol:water (1:1 v/v) was proven to be the best to recover catechins and to deliver extracts with the highest antiradical activity.

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