scholarly journals TOPICAL APPLICATION OF EUGENIA CARYOPHYLLUS OIL AGAINST RINGWORM INFECTION OF HUMAN BEINGS

2019 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Neetu Jain ◽  
MEENAKSHI SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Adverse Side Effect ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
High Possibility ◽  
Ringworm Infection

Objective: At least one million people are suffering from dermatophytosis in India. These mycoses although normally not lethal are unpleasant, frequent disease recurrence, and resistant dermatophytic strains cause considerable economic losses. During the antifungal evaluation of essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllus, all concentrations were found to be an excellent inhibitor against selected fungi as compared to standard antifungal drugs griseofulvin, ketoconazole, and itraconazole. The present work deals with the preparation of an ointment from E. caryophyllus oil for the treatment of ringworm infection in human beings. Materials and Methods: Due to these potent fungicidal properties, an ointment of E. caryophyllus was prepared and topically applied on tinea patients attending the outpatient Department of Skin, Venereology, and Leprology, SMS Hospital, Jaipur. Patients were diagnosed as tinea corporis, tinea capitis, tinea manuum, and tinea barbae. The medication was done twice a day for 3 weeks as advised by the skin specialist. Results: All patients showed positive potassium hydroxide (KOH) results at the beginning of the trial. After the 2nd week of treatment, every patient was KOH negative and remained negative when re-examined after one month of treatment. All patients were completely cured within 3 weeks of the treatment. Conclusions: Ointment showed excellent results, found cheaper substitutes to cure the disease without any adverse side effect. The present study offers a high possibility of complete cure of tinea infection and suggesting its uses as raw material by pharmaceutical industries for the development of antidermatophytic drug in prevailing conditions where dermatophytes are becoming resistant against popular antifungals.

scholarly journals Utilization of Cumbeba (Tacinga inamoena) Residue: Drying Kinetics and Effect of Process Conditions on Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 788
Author(s):  
João Paulo de Lima Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre José de Melo Queiroz ◽  
Rossana Maria Feitosa de Figueirêdo ◽  
Wilton Pereira da Silva ◽  
Josivanda Palmeira Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Water Diffusivity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Effective Water

The residue generated from the processing of Tacinga inamoena (cumbeba) fruit pulp represents a large amount of material that is discarded without proper application. Despite that, it is a raw material that is source of ascorbic acid, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, which are valued in nutraceutical diets for allegedly combating free radicals generated in metabolism. This research paper presents a study focused on the mathematical modeling of drying kinetics and the effect of the process on the level of bioactive of cumbeba residue. The experiments of cumbeba residue drying (untreated or whole residue (WR), crushed residue (CR) and residue in the form of foam (FR)) were carried out in a fixed-bed dryer at four air temperatures (50, 60, 70 and 80 °C). Effective water diffusivity (Deff) was determined by the inverse method and its dependence on temperature was described by an Arrhenius-type equation. It was observed that, regardless of the type of pretreatment, the increase in air temperature resulted in higher rate of water removal. The Midilli model showed better simulation of cumbeba residue drying kinetics than the other models tested within the experimental temperature range studied. Effective water diffusivity (Deff) ranged from 6.4890 to 11.1900 × 10−6 m2/s, 2.9285 to 12.754 × 10−9 m2/s and 1.5393 × 10−8 to 12.4270 × 10−6 m2/s with activation energy of 22.3078, 46.7115 and 58.0736 kJ/mol within the temperature range of 50–80 °C obtained for the whole cumbeba, crushed cumbeba and cumbeba residue in the form of foam, respectively. In relation to bioactive compounds, it was observed that for a fixed temperature the whole residue had higher retention of bioactive compounds, especially phenolic compounds, whereas the crushed residue and the residue in the form of foam had intermediate and lower levels, respectively. This study provides evidence that cumbeba residue in its whole form can be used for the recovery of natural antioxidant bioactive compounds, mainly phenolic compounds, with the possibility of application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Identifying new criteria for assessing the impact on the ecosystem generated by the establishment of Jerusalem artichoke crops on difficult and floodable soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 03022
Author(s):  
Florin Nenciu ◽  
Gabriel Nae ◽  
Gabriela Milian ◽  
Iulian Dumitru ◽  
Gheorghe Matei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Marginal Soils ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Technical Plant

Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is a technical plant that manages to adapt very well to unfriendly environments, even in polluted or poor in nutrients soils and may serve in the near future as an important raw material for the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, the plant is growing rapidly, producing large amounts of biomass and offers the possibility to be harvested up to 2 times a year, therefore presents a high potential to be used in the field of biofuel production. The plant's capacity to multiply easily by developing small tubers in the soil, allowing the production of economically advantageous crops, can be considered an advantage for biofuel producers, however this feature might be a drawback for agricultural land owners considering the very invasive behavior. The present paper aim to assess two Jerusalem Artichokes crops established on marginal soils, assessing productivity and the extensive impact on the ecosystem, paying a special attention to plant invasiveness tendencies.

scholarly journals Berries and Leaves of Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim.: A Source of Phenolic Compounds

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Paulina Štreimikytė ◽  
Mindaugas Liaudanskas ◽  
Vaidotas Žvikas ◽  
Pranas Viškelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Berries of Actinidia kolomikta (A. kolomikta) are known for high ascorbic acid content, but the diversity of phenolic compounds has been little studied. The present research aimed to investigate phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in berries and leaves of twelve A. kolomikta cultivars. The UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS technique was used to determine differences among cultivars in the quantitative composition of individual phenolic compounds. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH• free radical scavenging and CUPRAC methods. In the present study, 13 phenolic compounds were detected in berries, whereas leaves contained 17 phenolic compounds. Flavonols were the primary class found in both berries and leaves; other identified phenolic compounds were flavan-3-ols, flavones and, phenolic acids; and dihydrochalcone phloridzin was identified in the leaves. The amount and variety of phenolic compounds in berries and leaves and antioxidant activity were found to be cultivar-dependent. The highest total content of phenolic compounds was found in the leaves of the cultivar ‘Aromatnaja’ and in the berries of the cultivar ‘VIR-2’. Results of this study have confirmed that berries and leaves of A. kolomikta could be a valuable raw material for both food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Supplementation of Superfine Powder Prepared fromChaenomeles speciosaFruit Increases Endurance Capacity in Rats via Antioxidant and Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka Chen ◽  
Jia You ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Herb Medicine

Chaenomeles speciosafruit is a traditional herb medicine widely used in China. In this study, superfine powder ofC. speciosafruit (SCE), ground by supersonic nitrogen airflow at −140°C, was investigated to assess itsin vitroantioxidant activity andin vivoantiphysical fatigue activity. SCE was homogenous(d<10 μm)and rich in antioxidants like polyphenols, saponins, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, ascorbic acid, and SOD. According to thein vitroexperiments, SCE displayed promising antioxidant activity with powerful FARP, SC-DPPH, and SC-SAR activities. According to thein vivoexperiments, rats supplemented with SCE had prolonged exhaustive swimming time (57%) compared to the nonsupplemented rats. Meanwhile, compared to the nonsupplemented rats, the SCE-supplemented rats had higher levels of blood glucose and liver and muscular glycogen and lower levels of LA and BUN. Lower MDA, higher antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) activities, and upregulated Nrf2/ARE mediated antioxidant enzymes (HO-1, Trx, GCLM, and GCLC) expression were also detected in the supplemented group. This study indicates that SCE is a potent antioxidant and antifatigue agent, and SCE could be a promising raw material for the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Cosmetic potential of boiled water of Hijiki (Sargassum fusiforme) grown in the ocean in Okinawa, Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanagasaki Takashi
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Melanin Pigmentation ◽  
Sargassum Fusiforme ◽  
Cladosiphon Okamuranus ◽  
High Possibility ◽  
Boiled Water

Abstract Okinawa has most beautiful ocean that attracts tourists and it was recorded over 10 million foreign tourists visited Okinawa in 2018. The ocean surrounding Okinawa has various species of marine algae that could be raw material for cosmetic products because it has high concentration of phenolic compounds contributing antioxidant activity. There is an urgent need to create Okinawa’s unique brands for cosmetic products using marine algae grown in the ocean of Okinawa. Some of marine algae including popular seaweed food, Mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida) and Hijiki (Sargassum fusiforme), had high oxygen radical absorbance capacity and tyrosinase inhibition. In the food processing of Hijiki, there is a boiling step needed. And this Hijiki liquor is wasted 15 tons per year. To take advantage of this residue, development of cosmetic products derived from Hijiki liquor should be required. Hijiki liquor had the effect of decreasing melanin pigmentation and no cytotoxicity in a three-dimensional human skin model. Therefore, there is a high possibility that Hijiki liquor is a great material for cosmetic products.

Identification of Multiple Fault Parameters in a Rigid-Rotor and Flexible-Bearing-Coupling System: An Experimental Investigation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Lal ◽  
Rajiv Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Identification Algorithm ◽  
Rigid Rotor ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Multiple Fault ◽  
Rotating Machine ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Fault Parameters ◽  
Coupling Dynamic

Rotating machineries are very common and widely used in the modern industrial world. A breakdown of the rotating machine may result in economic losses and even worse, in the damage of human beings. So it needs accurate and reliable prediction of its dynamic characteristic. The multiple fault identification algorithm developed in [1] identifies the bearing and coupling dynamic parameters along with residual unbalances in a rigid-rotor and flexible-bearing-coupling system has been validated experimentally in the present article. An indigenously developed test rig was used for the experimentation. After estimating multiple fault parameters the accuracy of estimated parameters has been checked by checking the consistency of the estimated parameters and by performing the standard impact test. It has been observed that with more number of measurements consistencies of the estimated parameters are very good.

scholarly journals Production of biodiesel from Annona muricata seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 01011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Leong Wong ◽  
Waye-Hong Lim ◽  
Jet Si ◽  
Man-Kee Lam ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Temperature Time

Biodiesel is one of the effective alternative fuels to overcome the problems associated with environmental issues and energy crisis. However, the production of biodiesel from edible oil has provoked the food versus fuel dispute. Thus, a non-edible crop, Annona muricata, is selected as the raw material to produce oil for biodiesel production. In this study, A. muricata oil was extracted with n-hexane at 70 °C for 6 h. Subsequently, the oil was transesterified with methanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce biodiesel. The significance of transesterification parameters including temperature, time, catalyst concentration, and oil-to-methanol ratio on biodiesel yield (%) was established through two-level factorial design. The factorial design shows that all parameters are significant. Besides, the high content of monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) in the resultant biodiesel suggests that A. muricata biodiesel could display good fuel quality. This hypothesis is proven by the excellent calorific value (39.21 MJ kg-1).

scholarly journals Methods of mycobacterial DNA isolation from different biological material: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hosek ◽  
P. Svastova ◽  
M. Moravkova ◽  
I. Pavlik ◽  
M. Bartos
Keyword(s):  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Biochemical Characterisation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Wide Family

Mycobacteria cause serious infections in animals and human beings. Huge economic losses on farms are caused by selected species of this wide family. A high risk of transmission of infection from animal to human exists. The knowledge of exact pathogen characteristics is an important factor which can improve quick and adequate healing. Cultivation and determination of phenotype is still the &ldquo;gold standard&rdquo;, but has the disadvantage of taking a long time and also low detection limit. Biochemical characterisation of isolates is not exact, and it is expensive. A more popular method used is the amplification of specific loci by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For this method, the isolation of sufficient amounts of purified DNA is necessary. In this paper the most frequently used method for DNA isolation from live mycobacterial cells, body fluids, tissues, histological samples and forensic materials are outlined. This paper assists only as guide for these methods, so we describe them briefly.

scholarly journals The inositol polyphosphate kinase Ipk1 transcriptionally regulates mitochondrial functions in Candida albicans

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangqi Zhu ◽  
Nali Zhu ◽  
Liping Peng ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Qilin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Polyphosphate Kinase ◽  
Inositol Polyphosphate ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Respiratory Chain Complexes ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions

ABSTRACT Inositol polyphosphates (IPs) is an important family of signaling molecules that regulate multiple cellular processes, such as chromatin remodeling, transcription and mRNA export. Inositol polyphosphate kinases, as the critical enzymes for production and transformation of IPs, directly determine the intracellular levels of IPs and therefore are involved in many cellular processes. However, its roles in Candida albicans, the leading fungal pathogen in human beings, remain to be investigated. In this study, we identified the inositol polyphosphate kinase Ipk1 in C. albicans and found that it localizes in the nucleus. Moreover, in the ipk1Δ/Δ mutant, the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and the mitochondrial function was severely impaired, which were associated with down-regulation of mitochondrial function-related genes revealed by transcription profiling analysis. The ipk1Δ/Δ mutant also displayed hypersensitivity to a series of environmental stresses, such as antifungal drugs, oxidants, cell wall perturbing agents and macrophage attacks, followed by attenuation of virulence in a mouse systematic infection model. These findings firstly reported the importance of inositol polyphosphate kinase Ipk1 in C. albicans, especially its role in mitochondrial function maintenance and pathogenicity.

scholarly journals EKSPLORASI SPATIAL DAN IDENTIFIKASI CENDAWAN ENDOFIT PADA TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DI BALI

2018 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lilis Riana Tambunan ◽  
Meitini Proborini ◽  
Putu Adriani Astiti
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Soil Rhizosphere ◽  
The Village ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Cocoa plant (Theobroma cacao L.) can grow well in the highlands and lowlands, a plantation and industrial plantwhich is known as one of the export commodities, as raw material for the food and pharmaceutical industries which cancontribute to an increase in foreign exchange endophytic fungus is a fungus living on a live network of plants such asseeds, leaves, flowers, twigs, stems and roots. Truffles are generally mutualistic endophyte and is known to stimulate thegrowth of plants, capable of producing antibiotics and plant growth regulators (hormones). This study aims to determinethe diversity and identify endophytic fungi on Kakao.yang found in two different locations in Bali, in the village of KajaBuahan District of Payangan, Gianyar and the Village of Tua, Marga, Tabanan regency subdistricts. Research carried outin the field with the exploration methods, isolation, identification and diversity analysis conducted at the Laboratory ofPlant Taxonomy (Mycology), Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Udayana. Laboratoryresearch conducted by isolating the roots, leaves, plant stems and content of the soil (rhizosphere) cocoa. Once isolated,grown on PDA medium subsequently incubated at room temperature 250C. Isolates that grow back isolated and purifiedon a PDA medium for further identified to the genera or species level. A total of six isolates of endophytic fungi identifiedin the rhizosphere and cocoa plant that is where four of these isolates were identified to species, two isolates were notidentified until genus. Fungi were identified namely Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifer, Cladosporiumsphaeropermum, Trichoderma viride, isolates 1 and 2 isolates.Keywords: cocoa, endophytic fungi, highlands and lowlands

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