scholarly journals Costus afer modulates the activities of glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Armelle D Tchamgoue ◽  
Paul DD Dzeufiet ◽  
Jules-Roger Kuiata ◽  
Gabriel A Agbor
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gluconeogenic Enzymes ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract ◽  
Costus Afer

Background: Glycolytic enzymes (Hexokinase and α-glucosidase) and gluconeogenic enzymes (Glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-disphosphatase) control carbohydrate metabolism and hence glucose hemostasis, an important approach for the control of diabetes. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Costus afer on these enzymes. Materials and methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were administered hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Costus afer (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) orally for 8 weeks. Effect of the extract was monitored on the decrease in glycemia and the modulatory activities on glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes activities. The pancreas was also immunohistochemically examined for regeneration of the Islet cells. Results: Hydro-ethanolic extract significantly decreased the blood glucose concentration, serum glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-disphosphatase activities which were associated with an increase in the activity of hexokinase in the liver and kidney. immunohistochemical examination of the pancreas, revealed the preservation and regeneration of the islet of the Langerhans cells.  Conclusion: Thus, C. afer acts against hyperglycemia modulating the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and hexokinase, and regeneration of β-cells.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic and nephrotoxicity effect of Aegle marmelos leaf on alloxan-induced diabetic rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3966-3971
Author(s):  
Mohd. Sufiyan Siddiqui ◽  
Gaurav Sharma ◽  
Asha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Aegle marmelos is widely found in india. The leaves, roots, fruits, bark, and seeds are extensively used in Ayurveda. . A. marmelos is mainly used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Alloxan (150 mg/kg b.w) was used in the Wistar rats for making the diabetic model. The oral administration of leaf extract of Aegle marmelos ( 200 and 400 mg/ kg b.w) was given for four weeks. The effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Aegle marmelos leaf extract on serum blood glucose as well as kidney function test [urea, uric acid, albumin, protein, and creatinine] were measured in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In the acute toxicity study, the ethanolic leaf extract of Aegle marmelos leaf was non-toxic at 2000 mg/kg in rats. The level of albumin and protein had significantly increased along with the serum glucose and urea, uric acid levels when they were observed and reduced in diabetic rats treated with both doses of ethanol leaf extract of Aegle marmelos as compared to diabetic group. Histopathological studies were revealed toward normal. Ethanolic extract of Aegle marmelos leaf possesses the significant anti-diabetic and rejuvenating capability of kidney function tests.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of Ipomoea pes-caprae ethanolic leaf extract on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and oxidative status in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
S. Suhasini ◽  
C. Elanchezhiyan ◽  
G. Chandirasegaran
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract ◽  
In Cells

In diabetic patients, hyperglycemia is developed due to increased hepatic glucose production and impaired utilization of glucose in cells, which leads to oxidative stress in cells. Ipomoea pes-caprae has been widely used as an oral treatment for many diseases. The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of Ipomoea pes-caprae ethanolic leaf extract on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and oxidative status in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced experimental diabetic rats. Experimental diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal administration of 55 mg/kg b.w of STZ. Diabetic rats were treated with I. pes-caprae ethanolic leaf extract at a concentration of 300 mg/kg b.w and glibenclamide (6 mg/kg b.w) for 45 days. Diabetic rats exhibited significant (P < 0.05) decline in the activity of glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GPx) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, vitamin E and vitamin C), while lipid peroxidation markers (LOOH and TBARS) and glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase were found to be significantly increased. Further in diabetic rats, the histopathology of pancreas, liver and kidney showed abnormal histo-architecture. The treatment with Ipomoea pes-caprae ethanolic leaf extract notably reversed the abnormal levels in carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, restored the oxidative status and abnormal structures in pancreas, liver and kidney to near normal levels. Keywords: Diabetes, antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, Ipomoea pes-caprae and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes.

scholarly journals Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) pre-treated rats and protective effect of Vernonia amygdalina post-treatment on liver function

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Usunomena Usunobun ◽  
Gabriel Anyanwu
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Background: Liver disease and toxicity is common, especially with many drug treatments. The effect of Vernonia amygdalina ethanolic leaf extract post-treatment on rats pre-treated with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) was evaluated.Methods: Male wistar rats were orally administered DMN (single dose of 25 mg/kg) on first day and thereafter post-treated with 100 and 200mg/kg ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina for seven days. Analysis of serum concentrations of albumin, total protein, total bilirubin and glucose were carried out.Results: Administration of DMN alone to rats significantly increased glucose and total bilirubin concentration (P < 0.05) in the serum while it significantly reduced (P<0.05) serum total protein and albumin concentrations when compared with controls. However, post-treatment of DMN administered rats with 100 and 200 mg/kg ethanolic extract leaf of Vernonia amygdalina significantly (P<0.05) reversed these changes in a concentration dependent manner.Conclusion: In conclusion ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina have a potent hypoglycaemic and hepatoprotective action against dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver damage in rats may be due to its antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ERYTHRINA ABBYSINICA LAM, EX DC

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Kamadyaapa Davie Rexon ◽  
Gondwe Mavuto Masopera ◽  
Shauli Mathulo ◽  
Sewani Rusike Constance ◽  
Nkeh Chungag Benedicta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

  Objective: This study was conducted to scientifically evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Erythrina abbysinica (EEA).Methods: Acute and sub-chronic effects of EEA at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt and glibenclamide (GL) at 5 mg/kg/bwt. were evaluated in both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male Wistar rats (250–300 g). The acute studies were performed using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In sub-chronic studies, animals were orally administered with EEA and GL daily for 6 w. Brine shrimp assay was used to determine the toxicity of EEA. 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing capacity of plasma, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assays were used to determine antioxidant properties of EEA.Results: Following OGTT, EEA significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt) decreased blood glucose levels in both normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared with positive and negative control counterparts at all-time points, whereas GL significantly (p<0.05) decreased blood glucose only in normal rats but not in diabetic rats. Daily, oral administration of EEA for 6 w significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt) decreased blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared with the diabetic control group. EEA revealed weak toxicity with a lethal concentration50 value of 997 μg/ml). Furthermore, EEA showed significant free radical scavenging, total antioxidant, and anti-lipid peroxidative capacities.Conclusion: The study has shed more light on the scientific basis for the use of E. abbysinica in management of diabetes in some communities of Eastern Cape of South Africa.

Influence of Loranthus micranthus on hepatic and renal antioxidant status and impaired glycolytic flux in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azubuike P. Ebokaiwe ◽  
Omamuyovwi M. Ijomone ◽  
Oscar Edeh ◽  
Ifebunachi Oteh ◽  
David E. Ebuka
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glycolytic Flux ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Abstract Background The use of Loranthus micranthus in folklore medicine for treatment of diabetes and its associated complications is a common practice around the world. The present study investigated this traditional affirmation by in vivo investigation into the effect of L. micranthus leaf extract on hepatic and renal, oxidative status and glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods Diabetes mellitus was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). The diabetic rats were thereafter treated orally once per day with 5 mg/kg gilbenclamide or L. micranthus leaf extract (100 or 200 mg/kg) and monitored for 14 days. Clinical observations, plasma biochemistry, hormonal profile, oxidative stress parameters, glucose metabolism enzymes and histopathologic examination of the liver and kidney were evaluated to monitor treatment-related effects of L. micranthus leaf extract in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results Loranthus micranthus leaf extract administration significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia-mediated damage by decreasing the blood glucose level (45.9% and 84.7% on days 7 and 14 posttreatment, respectively), enhancing the antioxidant status, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and improving the architecture of the liver and kidney in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, intervention of L. micranthus leaf extract restored the liver and kidney function biomarkers and increased the plasma levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine to normal control in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Conclusions The findings from this investigation provide credible scientific support for the traditional use of L. micranthus leaf extract in the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications.

scholarly journals Pouteria ramiflora leaf extract on emulgel in wound healing activity in diabetic rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. L. Corrêa ◽  
A. K. M. Oliveira ◽  
D. M. Dourado ◽  
G. G. Facco ◽  
L. M. A. Bento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Carbopol Gel ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Healing Of Skin Wounds ◽  
Histopathological Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
Wound Healing Activity

Abstract The genus Pouteria has been studied because it presents various activities, among which is its anti-inflammatory potential. The effects of Pouteria ramiflora Carbopol gel on the healing of skin wounds in diabetic rats were evaluated by microscopic imaging. Streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally in animals that had fasted for 12 hours, a situation confirmed by the glycemic index (˃ 240 mg dL-1). An excision on the back of the animals was performed and three groups were formed: Control (Gel), Ethanolic extract (Ext) and Gel + extract 2% (Ext+gel); the histopathological evaluation occurred on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 30th days after the post-operative period. The results of the phytochemical prospecting of P. ramiflora extract demonstrated the major presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids; the assessment of the inflammatory infiltrate on the 7th day was higher on group Ext and Ext+gel when compared to group Control; on the 14th day control and Ext (p<0.05). The quantification of fibroblasts was higher on the 7th day among the three treatments, control and Ext (p<0.05), on the 21st day. Angiogenesis showed a higher number of vessels in Ext+gel group (p<0.05) on the 7th day; in Control, Ext and Ext+gel (p<0.05) on the 14th day; and Control and Ext (p<0.05)on the 21st day. The histopathological results showed that the formulation Ext+gel was efficient in tissue reparation and decrease in inflammatory cells on the diabetic’s animals.

scholarly journals GC–MS analysis of ethanolic leaf extract of Capparis divaricata Lam.

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
M. Hemalatha ◽  
Saivenkatesh Korlam ◽  
N. Yasodamma
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Planet earth is rich in plant-based medicine. Unfortunately, most of the medicinal plants are not in lime light for their optimal utilisation by the mankind mostly, because of unknown medicinally important phytochemicals present in them. Capparis divaricata Lam. is one of the medicinally important plants widely distributed in Arthagiri Hills of Chittoor Dist., Andhra Pradesh. The plant is ethnobotanically used for different ailments especially cancer. In the present study, Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of leaf ethanolic extract of Capparis divaricate is reported. Octasilaxone, Hexadecamethyl; Acetoxymethyl – Trimethyl: Octamethyl were identified as the major compounds.  Further, these compounds may act as anti-cancerous agents by efficient pharmacological studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of potentials of aqueous ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava on reproductive functions of male Albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
S.A. Abwage ◽  
S.T. Agu ◽  
S.A. Saganuwan ◽  
A.H. Abu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The therapeutic utilization of plants for managing several diseases by people of all continents, especially Africa, is as old as tradition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potentials of aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Psidium guajava on male reproductive parameters. Twenty-four male Albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups of six rats per group. Rats in the control group were administered Tween 20®. Rats in groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered Psidium guajava aqueous ethanolic leaf extract orally at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively, once daily for 60 days. The body weights of the rats were determined at the beginning and end of the experiment. Sperm parameters and some reproductive organs weight of each rat was also determined, some organs were collected for histopathology. Assay for follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone was done using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent methods. Some reproductive organs were collected for histopathological analyses. The results showed a dose-dependent increase (p<0.05) in the weight of male reproductive organs, sperm parameters, and hormones. The extract significantly increased (P < 0.05) serum testosterone in the group treated 400 mg/kg body weight when treated groups were compared with control. Furthermore, the results of FSH and LH revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase when the treated groups were compared with the control. The histopathological analysis did not reveal any form of damage to the architectural integrity of the testis. However, there was degenerating germinal epithelium in the group administered 400 mg/kg of the aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of P. guajava. Conclusion: aqueous ethanolic extract of P. guajava has positive effects on male reproductive parameters.

scholarly journals ANNONA MURICATA LINN. ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT AMELIORATES REPRODUCTIVE COMPLICATIONS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
O. E. ADELEYE ◽  
N. A. ABOAJAH ◽  
A. I. ADELEYE ◽  
E. A.O. SOGEBI ◽  
F. M. MSHELBWALA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine and metabolic disorder of humans and animals characterized by hyperglycemia and low blood insulin levels or insensitivity of target organs to insulin and it’s a major health problem affecting patient’s quality of life due to its many complications. Infertility is one of the major secondary complications in diabetes. Although numerous drugs have been used for intervention studies on diabetes-induced infertility worldwide, there are currently no treatments for diabetes associated infertility in humans. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Annona muricata ethanolic leaf extract (AMELE) on fertility of male diabetic rats and levels of blood glucose. Twenty male Wistar rats (150-200g) were randomly distributed into 4 groups (n=5) treated thus: CTRL (control), DNT, DT1 and DT2 (diabetic, single intraperitoneal injection, streptozotocin, 60 mg/kg). Group DT1 and DT2 received AMELE orally at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg respectively daily for fourteen days. Data were analysed using ANOVA at α0.05. The animals were sacrificed after 2 weeks via thiopental injection and testicular weights were recorded. Fasting blood glucose was determined using a digital glucometer. Sperm count, motility, viability and morphology were assessed microscopically. Testes were histologically evaluated. The results showed that oral administration of AMELE at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg to diabetic male rats for fourteen days significantly decreased blood glucose level and also ameliorated diabetes-induced decreases in sperm functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats.    

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