scholarly journals SEBARAN TINGKAT KAPASITAS WILAYAH PESISIR BAGIAN BARAT KABUPATEN BULELENG TERHADAP ANCAMAN PENINGKATAN MUKA AIR LAUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
I Wayan Krisna Eka Putra
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Capacity Level ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Capacity Data

This study aims to describe the distribution of the capacity level the coastal area of west Buleleng Regency from the threat of sea level rise and to know the ratio of the capacity level. The subjects in this study are village officials and staff BPBD Buleleng Regency, while the object of the research is level of capacity. The phenomenon described in this research is distribution of capacity level of coastal area in west Buleleng Regency. Stages conducted in this study consisted of data collection, weighting, determining the level of capacity until finally mapping the level of capacity. data analysis technique that used is qualitative descriptive analysis combined with spatial comparative analysis based on Geographic Information System (GIS) which is aimed to analyze comparison of capacity level among villages in coastal area. The results show that the distribution of the capacity of all coastal areas in west Buleleng Regency is the medium category. Assessments of capacity level indicate a lack of capacity indicators for several villages, particularly on the availability of threat maps and early warning systems. Therefore it is necessary to socialize the document of disaster study which has been made by BPBD of Buleleng Regency.

MOTIF YANG BERPENGARUH PADA PROSES KEJIWAAN TOKOH SAM DALAM NOVEL SEBENING SYAHADAT KARYA DIVA SR

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Dandy Ashghor Dawudi ◽  
Kamidjan Kamidjan ◽  
Agus Sulton
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Love Story ◽  
True Value ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

This research takes the object of Sebening Syahadat by Diva SR, this work is a novel that tells the story of the journey ofa teenager named Sam who is in the process ofsearching for identity. The journey is filled with interesting twits and turns embelissed with a love story that is very suitable if consumed by the younger generation who are learning to find identit. This study aims to reveal the value motives that led Sam’s character in finding his identity, which expected to be a material for reflection for readers, especially young people who are in the process of discovering his identity, the scope of the problem in this study is to reveal the value motives that affect the character’s psyche. Sam is told to have a rascal character.The research method used in this study took a descriptive qualitative approach, data colletion used was a literature study technique with stages of reading, note taking, coding for futher analysis. The analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis technique.The result of the research in this research process indicate that the mental process of Sam’s character influenced by several factors, including: a. Motives in cultural factors (Situasional Factors), b. The motive for love begins with admiration for the attitude of someone who is full of noble values of character, c. The motive of curiosity and fulfillment of his needs for true value.

ANALISIS EVALUASI PENATAUSAHAAN BARANG MILIK DAERAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Christina Randalayuk ◽  
Meinarni Asnawi ◽  
Anthonius H. Citra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Management Agency ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
District Government

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the management of Government Fixed Assets inPegunungan Bintang Regency. The analysis technique used in this study was descriptive analysis.The paper described the Analysis of Regional Property Administration Evaluation in thePegunungan Bintang District Government. The data was shown in tables with numbers andpercentages to be analyzed further with descriptive analysis. In analyzing research data the authoruses qualitative descriptive analysis, also known as content analysis.The results of the study showed that the administration of regional fixed assets in terms of recordingthe assets, The Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) in Pegunungan BintangRegency has carried out the bookkeeping. This comprises of process of recording regional fixedassets in lists of its users, the inventory cards, and in the database of regional’s fixed assets. Beforerecording the assets, at first, Asset have been identified into its classification based on the type andcodes of regional fixed assets. Thus, in general, it can be concluded that the implementation ofaccounting in the administration of fixed assets in The Financial and Asset Management Agency ofPegunungan Bintang Regency has been well implemented. Evaluation of administration of regionalfixed assets to the inventory on The Financial and Asset Management Agency in PegununganBintang Regency has been carried out in accordance with mandated regulations. This can be seenfrom the evidence of inventory execution such as the existence of recording documents, theDatabase of Inventory, and documented in Inventories Books. In addition, there are reportingdocuments such as List of Inventory Recapitulation and List of inventory Mutations. Evaluation ofadministration of regional fixed assets in terms of reporting to The Financial and AssetManagement Agency in Pegunungan Bintang Regency is carried out in stages based on informationcontained in the list of assets keepers and a list of the authority of its users and keepers. Authoritiesof fixed assets users have to submit assets User Reports every semester, yearly, and 5 years toassets keepers.

scholarly journals Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional Sebagai Kebijakan Penanggulangan Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Sektor UMKM

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Ratnawaty Marginingsih
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Recovery Program ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Recovery Program

Abstrak  Berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi pada UMKM terdampak pandemi cukup dirasakan oleh para pelaku usaha tersebut. Hal ini tentu saja berakibat pada penurunan keuntungan secara signifikan dikarenanakan tingkat produktivitas yang rendah. Langkah terkait pemulihan ekonomi, dalam hal ini pemerintah melalui kementrian keuangan membuat kebijakan luar biasa untuk memitigasi dampak covid-19 dan perlambatan ekonomi dengan membuat Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN).  Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menujukkan Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN) memiliki dampak positif bagi sektor UMKM pada masa pandemi covid-19 sebagai langkah kebijakan yang diambil oleh pemerintah untuk mendukung pemulihan perekonomian nasional khususnya sektor UMKM yang memiliki kontribusi cukup besar. Rekomendasi kebijkan penguatan UMKM tidak hanya pada masa pandemi tetapi juga pada masa pemulihan dan pasca pandemi sehingga percepatan pemulihan ekonomi nasional dapat mencapai kestabilannya. Kata Kunci: Program PEN, Kebijkan Pandemi, UMKM  Abstract - The various problems that occur in SMEs affected by the pandemic are quite felt by these business actors. This of course results in a significant reduction in profits due to low productivity levels. Steps related to economic recovery, in this case, the government through the ministry of finance, make extraordinary policies to mitigate the impact of covid-19 and the economic slowdown by creating the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN). The research method used in this paper is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results of the study show that the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN) has a positive impact on the MSME sector during the COVID-19 pandemic as a policy step taken by the government to support the recovery of the national economy, especially the MSME sector which has a significant contribution. Recommendations for strengthening MSME policies are not only during the pandemic but also during the recovery and post-pandemic period so that the acceleration of national economic recovery can achieve stability. Keywords: PEN Program, Pandemic Policy, MSME 

scholarly journals ANALISIS SWOT PENGELOLAAN USAHA PERIKANAN NELAYAN WILAYAH PESISIR KECAMATAN MANDOLANG KABUPATEN MINAHASA PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria E.N. Manoppo ◽  
Jeannette F. Pangemanan ◽  
Nurdin Jusuf
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe decline in fishermen's income was triggered by increased household needs while the income of fishermen's fate seemed to be unbearable. This is also experienced by Neyan in the Coastal Region of Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency. Their income continues to decline even more often they have no cost for their daily lives. They are in debt which is strangling their necks. They are increasingly desperate because there is no solution offered either from the government or from other relevant parties. Starting from the background, the problem is formulated as follows: 1. What causes the level of income of fishermen in the Coastal Zone of Mandolang District to decrease; 2. How do they increase their income. The research objectives are: 1. To describe and analyze what causes the level of income of fishermen in the Coastal Zone of Mandolang District to decrease; 2. To analyze how they increase their income. This research will be carried out in the Coastal Area of Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency in 2017 since it was signed a work contract with LPPM. The method in this study is purposive sampling method. Data sources are primary data and secondary data. Data analysis is qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative description.Keywords: coastal area, income of fishermen, Mandolang sub-district AbstrakTurunnya pendapatan nelayan itu dipicu kebutuhan rumah tangga yang meningkat sedangkan pendapatan nasib nelayan seolah tak lepas dirundung malang. Hal ini juga dialami oleh neyan di Wilayah Pesisir Kecamatan Mandolang Kabupaten Minahasa. Pendapatan mereka semakin hari semakin menurun bahkan seringkali  mereka tidak mempunyai biaya untuk kehidupan mereka sehari-hari. Mereka terlbat utang yang semakin mencekik leher.  Mereka semakin putus asa karena belum ada jalan keluar yang ditawarkan baik dari pemerintah ataupun dari pihak-pihak terkait lainnya.  Bertitik tolak dari latar belakang tersebut maka masalah dirumuskan sebagai berikut: 1. Apa yang menyebabkan turunnya tingkat pendapatan nelayan di Wilayah Pesisir Kecamatan Mandolang; 2. Bagaimana cara mereka meningkatkan pendapatan mereka. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah : 1. Untuk mengdeskripsikan dan menganalisis apa yang menyebabkan turunnya tingkat pendapatan nelayan di Wilayah Pesisir Kecamatan Mandolang; 2. Untuk menganalisis bagaimana cara mereka meningkatkan pendapatan mereka. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Wilayah Pesisir Kecamatan Mandolang Kabupaten Minahasa pada tahun 2017 sejak di tandatangani kontrak kerja dengan LPPM. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode purposive sampling. Sumber data adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data yakni analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan deskripsi kuantitatif.Kata kunci: wilayah pesisir, pendapatan nelayan, kecamatan Mandolang

scholarly journals Visual Media Using in Subject Islamic Cultural History to Improve Learning Motivation of MTS Laboratorium Jambi Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Asnawiyah Asnawiyah
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Class Viii

The aim of this research is to observe visual media using in subject Islamic Cultural History or Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI) and to increase the learning motivation of MTs Laboratorium Jambi students. The research used Classroom Action Research (CAR) which was carried out in 2 cycles. The research subjects are 20 students of class VIII MTs Laboratorium Jambi. The data technique was carried out through observation and questionnaires. The data analysis technique is a qualitative descriptive analysis with a proportion formula. The results of the study are obtained from the teacher activity observation sheet in cycle 1 with an average proportion formula of 80.76% and in cycle II an increase in the average proportion value of 92.30% (very good) and the results of processing student motivation questionnaire data. in the subject of Islamic cultural history (SKI) using visual media in the first cycle, it reached 87% and in the second cycle increased 96.5% including in the very high category. Thus, the use of visual media can increase student motivation at MTs Laboratorium Jambi.   Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penggunaan media visual dalam mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI) dan peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa MTs Laboratorium Jambi. Penelitian menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs Laboratorium Jambi sebanyak 20 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan angket. Teknik analisis data adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari lembar observasi aktifitas guru pada siklus 1 dengan rumus persentase rata-rata 80,76%, dan pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan dengan nilai persentase rata-rata 92,30% (sangat baik) dan hasil dari pengolahan data angket motivasi siswa pada mata pelajaran sejarah kebudayaan Islam (SKI) dengan menggunakan media visual pada siklus I mencapai 87% dan pada siklus II meningkat meningkat 96,5% termasuk dalam katagori sangat tinggi. Dengan demikian, penggunaan media visual dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada MTs Laboratorium Jambi.

scholarly journals Kiat Pengelola Wisata Kuliner Seafood Dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Kepada Wisatawan Di Pantai Kedonganan

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Putri Yukitasari ◽  
I Gusti Agung Oka Mahagangga
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Culinary Tourism ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Village

Kedonganan beach is located in the village sub-district of Kedonganan Kuta, Badung Regency, Bali. Kedonganan beach has had a great revolution in the tourism development. Therefore, tourists always come to visit this beach. With a lot of tourists come, make the owner of tourism bussiness in the beach Kedonganan should be able to regulate and maintain the attitude in providing services to tourists. The purpose of this research is to know the approach of seafood culinary tour manager in providing services to the tourists. The method used to collect the data in this study are observation, interview, and literature study and the method used to analyze the data is qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The result of this research is the managers of the 4 selected cafes have different approach in providing services to tourists. The approach are such as service procedures , language learning and environmental cleanliness. From all of the approaches, although there is similar approach but they have different ways for the service provided. With the best services provided to tourists it is certain that Kedonganan beach will not lose tourists and can survive for long periods of time. Keywords : Management, Culinary Tourism, Hospitality

scholarly journals SWOT Analysis As A Determiner Of Marketing Strategy At b Hotel Bali & Spa Denpasar

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Sri Prajayanti ◽  
◽  
I M Sudana ◽  
I G M Karma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Internal And External Factors

This research aims to determine the marketing strategy that must be taken from the results of the SWOT analysis at the b Hotel Bali & Spa Denpasar. This study uses primary data sources and secondary data sources with data collection methods through interviews, observation and questionnaires. The analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique, namely the SWOT analysis technique which explains, first, the data collection stage at the Bali Hotel & Spa Denpasar regarding the identification of internal and external factors in the form of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, the second is the analysis stage, and third namely the stage of decision making to determine the strategy to be taken by the company. The research results from the SWOT analysis show that the company is in quadrant I, where it shows a problem regarding for the strength to see opportunities where the strategy taken is the SO strategy used to be applied in developing strategies that can be suggested at management b Hotel Bali & Spa Denpasar, to can improve the progress of the hotel going forward.

scholarly journals MAKNA SIMBOLIK DALAM BAHASA RITUAL REBA PADA MASYARAKAT LUBA DESA TIWORIWU KECAMATAN JEREBUU KABUPATEN NGADA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Pelipus Wungo Kaka
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Symbolic Language ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Artistic Values ◽  
The Village ◽  
Language Meaning

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tata cara pelaksanaan upacara Reba dalam budaya masyarakat Kampung Luba   Desa Tiworiwu Kecamatan Jerebuu Kabupaten Ngada, mendeskripsikan makna simbol-simbol bahasa ritual Reba di Desa Tiworiwu. Manfaat penelitian ini adalah sebagai bahan masukan bagi masyarakat Luba   dalam memaknai nilai-nilai upacara ritual Reba, sebagai bahan untuk memperkaya kekhasan kearifan lokal bangsa sebagai suatu nilai luhur yang dianut oleh masyarakat Ngada pada umumnya dan masyarakat Luba   Desa Tiworiwu pada khususnya, sebagai bahan informasi bagi peneliti lain yang ingin mengkaji lebih lanjut masalah yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini, sebagai informasi untuk membangkitkan dan menumbuhkan rasa cinta kearifan lokal lokal. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif yaitu suatu analisis yang menggambarkan secara rinci hasil-hasil temuan di lapangan yang menggunakan pertanyaan-pertanyaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu dengan mewawancarai dan mengobservasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam upacara ritual Reba pada masyarakat Luba   Desa Tiworiwu Kecamatan Jerebuu mempunyai tata cara atau pelaksanaan yang dilakukan pada saat upacara ritul Reba seperti didalam nilai-nilai tersebut  antara lain: nilai religius, nilai filosofis, nilai kesenian, nilai moral, nilai magis, nilai ekonomi, nilai sosial, nilai hukum,dan nilai pendidikan.Ritual Reba merupakan sebuah acara yang patut dilaksanakan selama setahun sekali  perlu ditaati sejak dari  leluhur pada zaman dahulu kala dan harus terbawa terus sampai anak cucu. Apabila disia-siakan ritual Reba ini maka segala usaha tidak terkabul oleh perlindungan leluhur karena leluhur inilah yang membentuk budaya adat ritual Reba sehingga dikembangkan oleh generasi penerus. Dengan adanya upacara Reba dapat mengingatkan pesanan yang telah ditinggalkan oleh leluhur (Sili Ana Wunga) sebagai pioner pertama penyelenggara budaya Reba. Perayaan adat Reba merupakan upacara ritual magis karena seluruh tahapan upacara Reba wajib didahului dengan pemberian sesajian Roh  arwah leluhur agar dapat menguasai alam sehingga perayaan Reba dapat berjalan dengan baik.      Kata Kunci: Makna Simbolik Bahasa Ritual Reba  ABSTRACTThe background of this research is very important for the community as a ritual ceremony Luba   Reba embrace the values of the humanitarian nature that need to be maintained for the younger generations are relevant to the procedures established by the ancestral ceremonies. With the ritual Reba, Luba   people still believe in good faith that is not extinct and still retain its own culture and do not care about foreign cultures. The purpose of this study is to describe procedures for Reba ceremony in the village of Luba   culture Tiworiwu Jerebuu Ngada District, describes the meaning of symbols in a ceremony at Village Tiworiwu Reba. The benefits of this research is as an input for the Luba   in meaning values Reba ritual ceremonies, as a material to enrich the cultural distinctiveness of the nation as a virtue embraced by the community and society in general Ngada Luba   Village Tiworiwu in particular, for information for researchers others who wish to further examine the problems associated with this research, as information to generate and foster a love of local culture. This study is a qualitative descriptive analysis that describes in detail the findings in the field who use the questions. This study uses data collection techniques that is by interviewing and observing. Data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative.The results showed that in the ritual ceremony at the Luba   Village Reba Tiworiwu Jerebuu District has procedures or operations to be carried during the ceremony ritual Reba like in those values among others: the religious, philosophical values, artistic values, moral values, the magical , economic value, social value, legal value, and value education. Reba ritual is an event that should be implemented over a year since it need to be adhered to from ancestors in ancient times and must be carried on until our children and grandchildren. If the ritual Reba wasted this then all the effort is not granted by the ancestors for protection of ancestral indigenous culture that has shaped so that Reba rituals developed by future generations. With the ceremony to remind Reba orders that have been left by the ancestors (Sili Ana Wunga) as the first pioneer of cultural organizers Reba. Reba is the customary celebration of a magical ritual for all phases of the ceremony must be preceded by Reba Spirit giving offerings to ancestral spirits can control nature so that the celebration of Reba can run well. Keywords: symbolic language meaning of the ceremony Reba

scholarly journals Penerapan Media Schoology untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri 3 Bojong Pekalongan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Waginah Dwi Nuryaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
Motivation And Learning ◽  
Media Data

This study aims to analyze the increase in motivation and student learning outcomes in learning Indonesian using schoology media assisted by the WhatsApp application. This research method used quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of class VIII A as the experimental class implementing Distance Learning with schoology media assisted by the WhatsApp application and class VIII B as the control class without using schoology media. Data collection techniques with knowledge competency tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used in this research was quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the competence of news text knowledge in the experimental class using schoology media is better than without using schoology media. The average learning outcomes obtained were 81, the average N-gain obtained was 0.72 in good category. So it can be concluded that there is an increase in student motivation and learning outcomes in learning Indonesian.

scholarly journals Penerapan Clinical Supervision untuk Meningkatkan Class Asessment Management bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar Binaan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
H Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Action Process ◽  
School Supervision

This study aims to apply clinical supervision to improve the ability of elementary school teachers in conducting class assessments. The method used utilizes three cycles of action research involving 23 teachers from 10 primary schools under the guidance of North Batukliang District, Central Lombok Regency. The data has been collected through the observation of the class assessment ability in each action process. The data analysis technique of this study used quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results obtained that the first cycle is below the expected completeness percentage (≤85%) which is 67.17%, while in the second cycle it also does not meet the completeness percentage which is 77.17%, and in the third cycle it is 85.86 % (Completed). The study concluded that the implementation of clinical supervision to improve the class assessment ability of elementary school teachers had a significant impact. In the future, these results can be a reference for supervisors in conducting school supervision to improve the competence of other teachers.

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