scholarly journals Gender discrimination in employment in Moscow

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-213
Author(s):  
O. V. Kabaikina
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Moscow City ◽  
Discrimination In Employment ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Aspect

The article presents gender inequality in the sphere of work in Moscow city. The purpose of this work is to determine the acuteness of discrimination men and women in matters of employment, and to understand how the gender aspect is relevant in the Moscow labor market. People from other regions come to the capital to get a job, and therefore the city of Moscow is the center of employment of Russian citizens from all over the country. It is important to monitor how equal are the opportunities for men and women in the capital to find the desired job, what difficulties candidates face in finding and choosing a job with. I provide a legislative framework designed to ensure the equality of all citizens before the law, and show how the principle of equality is implemented in practice. For this I present the results of the author’s survey of HR experts-managers who specialize in studying the labor market and the processes taking place on it, as well as research conducted by the Headhunter, Superjob job sites, the Hays recruitment agency. As a result, it has been determined that in the labor market both men and women experience discrimination, and this is connected with the opinion of the candidates, they define, where can more realize themselves, and what salary should be for them. At the same time, gender inequality loses its sharpness against the background of other problems, and experts predict a growing decrease in the difference between the positions of men and women in the labor market.

New forms of employment in the context of digitalization of the labor market

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Elina O. Illarionova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Psychological Insecurity ◽  
Gender Aspect

Nowadays as part of the process of digitalization of the labor market there are structural changes: new forms and types of employment appear. A global trend in recent years is the increase in the number of employees working remotely, which has significant value in difficult epidemiological situation in the world. Today, women are far more at risk of being deprived of the benefits of digital innovations, job losses due to robotics and automatization, have to put much more effort to achieve wage levels of male workers. The article examines the typology of new non-standard forms of employment, their distinctive features. The author highlights the main advantages and risks associated with the wide spreading of new forms of employment in the context of the digitalization of the labor market. The study touches upon the gender aspect, special attention is paid to the analysis of innovative forms of employment and the involvement of women in innovative teams, ICT and STEM-specialties. The factors influencing the formation of innovative behavior in national innovation systems are described. The ways of coordination of state, business and research structures within the framework of "collective action" aimed at stimulating scientific and technological progress in the development of the knowledge economy, the digital economy are outlined. The author also highlighted a number of fundamental reasons for the socio-psychological insecurity of male and female workers associated with the use of non-standard employment, noted in general terms ways of solving problems in the field of precarious employment and leveling gender inequality in the context of the development of the digital economy.

scholarly journals Applying the Data Modeling Tools for the Gender Inequality Analysis in the IT-industry in Ukraine and Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (512) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
O. I. Shchepilova ◽  
◽  
M. V. Korol ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
The World

Nowadays, the information-technology industry is one of the most masculine and asymmetrical in the world labor market. The fact of having male workers in more prestigious and highly paid positions is proved, while female workers are more represented in low-profitable sectors of the economy (healthcare, education, social services, etc.). The article is aimed at researching the status of gender inequality in the IT sphere in the labor market of both Ukraine and the world by means of modeling tools. The publication analyzes the current status of gender segregation of labor in the sphere of information technology worldwide and in Ukraine. The relevance of the research on the process of functioning of companies engaged in foreign economic activity is substantiated. Using statistics of the most technological companies in the world (Amazon, Microsoft, etc.) it is proved that the average share of women in the companies comprises 30-40% of all employees. Gender inequality, as it has been proven, harms the business of companies around the world. Replacing female employees who resigned from a job because of the inability to build a career increases business costs and slows down the activities of individual projects and/or companies in general. At present, most large international companies deliberately perceive the need to achieve gender equilibrium among their employees. Despite numerous measures that have a positive impact on the involvement of women in the IT market, there are factors in the global labor market that increase gender discrimination, as emphasized in the article. Economic-mathematical models of the process are built up using multiple regression with panel data. With the help of the appropriate criteria, the quality of the built up models has been proven. Economic interpretation of the results is provided. Prospects for further research in this direction are described.

Sex Differences Concerning Prosocial Behavior in Social Dilemmas Are (Partially) Mediated by Risk Preferences But Not Social Preferences

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Angela R. Dorrough ◽  
Andreas Glöckner
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Social Dilemmas ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Null Effect ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Previous results on the prosociality of men and women in social dilemmas are mixed. Studies find more prosocial behavior for men and women; and a meta-analysis ( Balliet et al., 2011 ) reports an overall null effect. Including samples ( N = 1,903) from 10 countries that vary concerning gender inequality (e.g., China, Colombia, Sweden), we investigated sex differences in social dilemmas and drivers of these potential differences. We found that men behaved more prosocially, in that they transferred more of their endowment to their interaction partner. This sex difference was descriptively observed for all countries and was partially mediated by differences in risk but not social preferences. Gender inequality did not predict the difference in magnitude of sex differences between countries.

scholarly journals Equal Pay As An Objective Of Gender Equality

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-307
Author(s):  
Elena Florişteanu ◽  
Ioan Dragoş Florişteanu
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Internal Labor Market ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Equal Pay ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Social Sectors

Abstract The increasing attention granted to improving gender equality in all the economic and social sectors, on all levels, is manifested in concrete actions undertaken by both different international bodies and national authorities. Even though the majority of EU member states have adopted the necessary legislative framework to ensure gender equality, the practical application of wage equality still remains a real problem. Studies in the field show that in Romania, remuneration differences between men and women are much lower in comparison to other states, but the effects are fully felt due to the low level of wages present on the internal labor market.

scholarly journals NALAR EKOFEMINISME DALAM PEMIKIRAN HUKUM WARIS M. QURAISH SHIHAB

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Umar Ali ◽  
Ridho Ridho
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Sacred Text ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law

The focus of the study in this paper is M. Quraish Shihab's thoughts in the field of inheritance law. M. Quraish Shihab's (hereinafter referred to as Shihab) thought deserves to be appointed as a target study in relation to his views on gender equality. In various published writings, especially in his book entitled "Women: from Love to Sex, from the Mut'ah Marriage to the Sunnah Marriage, from the Old Bias to the New Bias", it is very clear how Quraish tried to get out of the mainstream of "right" thinking. who want to lock up women in domestic sectors as well as "left" thinking that tends to go too far in understanding equality between men and women, in other words, Shihab is classified as a moderate thinker in the study of gender equality. That is the conclusion of several studies examining Shihab's thoughts. In contrast to these conclusions, this article concludes that Shihab can actually be classified as an eco-feminist who tries to maintain the status quo of gender inequality that is being sued by feminists. This can be seen very well in Shihab's rejection of feminist claims about equality in quantity in the distribution of inheritance between men and women, which in the sacred text is stated as two to one. For Shihab, the provisions in the distribution of inheritance are final because the details about the law of inheritance are closed with a firm statement "that is the limits of Allah" and a series of other arguments expressed by Shihab. This issue will be presented in the following descriptions so as to reinforce the above conclusions.

Trust in government during the pandemic: gender aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Alexandra O. Lazukina
Keyword(s):  
Social Trust ◽  
Current System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The City ◽  
Harsh Conditions ◽  
Gender Aspect

The article examines the differences in the choice of behavioral patterns based on social trust and distrust of men and women. The essence of the problem under consideration is that so far few researchers have studied mistrust as a phenomenon characteristic of Russians, and practically no one has considered the difference in the character of trust / distrust for men and women and the influence of these indicators on the level of socio-psychological well-being of the population and, as a consequence, on social tension in society, if we consider this problem in terms of trust and distrust to the authorities. Here are the studies that were conducted in December 2020 in the city of St. Petersburg, regarding these issues. A study of changes in trust showed that in the northern capital от Russia, the level of mistrust for the federal government among women increased much more than among men, and a small excursion into history and analogies with revolutionary situations of the past make one think about the stability of the current system and the need for the authorities to make serious efforts to resolve an explosive situation. This situation is especially evident in St. Petersburg, because the unpopular actions of local authorities during the pandemic created the prerequisites for the fact that it was on the shoulders of women that the main burden fell, when it was necessary to actually independently educate children, continue to work in new conditions and practically fully support the life of the whole family in harsh conditions of isolation and psychological and informational pressure. Analyzing the research data and the situation in general, this article concludes that in the current difficult conditions the authorities should pay more attention to the position of women and increase targeted support measures to improve the socio-psychological well-being of the population.

Gender-Based Discrimination and Status of Women Empowerment – A Case Study in Rajharhat Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Srijita Ghosh ◽  
Mst Tania Parveen ◽  
Dr Asraful Alam
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Performance

Gender inequality means no equal opportunities and performance between men and women in the economic, social and political sphere and the main part includes combating domestic violence, empowering the low-income groups as well as rights for women. The focus of this study is to find out the level of gender inequality and women empowerment in society. The study is based on the terms of the evolutionary method of both qualitative and quantitative process. The functional methodology of the area has been prepared based on observation which is related to the equal opportunities and performance between men and women in different aspects. For the analysis of gender discrimination among the women, 95 respondents have been surveyed in Rajharhat area. From the above all the discussion it could be drawn that in this study, women are facing lots of discrimination in a different sphere like education, occupation etc. The result has shown here in different aspects are permission to go outside, use gunghut/ purdah, permission for further study and family accepted as a wife. 65.25 percentages of women get permission to go outside and 34.74 percentage women do not get permission to go outside. 44.21 percent of women use gunghat or purdah and 55.79 percent of women not use gunghat. 62.11 percent of women get permission for further study where 37.89 percent does not get permission for further study .69.47 percent women is accepted as a wife by a family member but 30.53 percent of women are not accepted as a wife by a family member because of conservative thoughts and traditional values. Above all description highly represent the gender discrimination among the women at all level.

scholarly journals ‘Save the queen’: female national wheelchair basketball players in gender-segregated and gender-mixed competitive sport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Greve ◽  
Jessica Süßenbach
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Competitive Sport ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Team ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

AbstractIn the German National Wheelchair Basketball League, men and women play together. On the national teams, on the other hand, they play separately according to gender. In addition, people without disabilities can also participate in wheelchair basketball. The differences in terms of disability and gender are to be classified and, if possible, eliminated in the competition with a classification system. The intersectional analysis of 12 biographical interviews with current national team players shows a clear reproduction of a traditional gender order. The women report various hierarchical relationships on the playing field that are obviously based on gender. Men play in more important positions and are considered more efficient. Yet these phenomena are mostly taken for granted and hardly questioned. Likewise, certain characteristics are attributed and certain roles are assigned to female players based on their gender. The men interviewed do not see these phenomena or do not reflect on them critically. The difference category of disability also has an influence on the competition setting and the gender discrimination.

scholarly journals Supply in the Russian labor market: gender aspect

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-205
Author(s):  
Evgeny Vinokurov ◽  
Natalia Vinokurova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Aspect

The article deals with the economic activity of the Russian population both in general and in the gender aspect. The main attention in the work is focused on the relationship between the economic activity of population and wages. The objectives of the work are, firstly, to identify differences in the behavior of men and women in the labor market in terms of economic activity, and, secondly, to test the hypothesis on the relationship between the economic activity of population and wages. The article provides an overview of the factors affecting the size of labor force and the level of participation in it, as well as statistical data reflecting male and female economic activity in modern Russia. Analysis of the labor activity dynamics leads to the conclusion that there are significant differences in male and female behavior in the labor market. The main cause of these differences is the traditional views of the population on the roles of men and women in society. Also the regression equations connecting the level of economic activity with the average real wage are determined both for the population of the Russian Federation as a whole, and for men and women separately. These equations can be considered as modified functions of the labor supply. Calculations have shown that, despite the general linear nature of the dependence of the economic activity level of population on real wages, its growth leads, ceteris paribus, to an accelerating increase in the activity of men and a slowing increase in the activity of women. The revealed low elasticity of labor supply functions indicates that any significant impact on the level of labor activity can only be provided by significant increase in real wages. First of all, the last statement applies to women.

Reactions to anti-male sexism claims: The moderating roles of status-legitimizing belief endorsement and group identification

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara L. Wilkins ◽  
Joseph D. Wellman ◽  
Katherine D. Schad
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
High Status ◽  
Gender Identification ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender

Men increasingly identify as victims of gender discrimination, but it is unclear how people react to men who claim to be victims of gender bias. We examined how status-legitimizing belief endorsement (SLBs) and gender identification (GID) moderated men and women’s reactions to a man who claimed to have lost a promotion because of anti-male sexism or another cause. Consistent with theory that claiming bias against high-status groups reinforces the status hierarchy, SLB endorsement was associated with more positive reactions toward an anti-male bias claimant for both men and women. Group identification, in contrast, affects group-specific concerns and thus differentially predicted male and female participants’ reactions. Men evaluated the claimant more positively the more strongly they identified with their gender. The more women identified with their gender, the more negatively they evaluated the male claimant. We also demonstrated that SLBs and GID moderated the extent to which the claimant was perceived as sexist. We discuss how these reactions may perpetuate gender inequality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document