scholarly journals Effect of fertilizer and cultivation systems and herbicide application on soil biological activity under spring barley cultivation and its yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Ivan Shuvar ◽  
Hanna Korpita ◽  
Halina Lipińska ◽  
Teresa Wyłupek ◽  
Małgorzata Sosnowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Cereal Straw ◽  
Tube Exit ◽  
Mineral System

The results of the research devoted to the change of the biological composition of the soil under the conditions of activation of microbiological vital activity and increase in the number of earthworms in the technology of spring barley cultivation are presented. It was found that the organic system of growing crops against the background of manure, cereal straw and green manure in comparison with the organo-mineral system obtained a positive dynamics of decomposition of linen tissue and the development of earthworms in the soil.The highest grain yield was formed by agrocenosis of spring barley with the introduction of Lancelot 450 WG – 0.033 kg·ha–1 + Axial 50 EC – 1 dm3·ha–1 (tube exit phase) – 4900 kg·ha–1 and 4700 kg·ha–1 for organo-mineral and organic fertilizer systems in accordance.

scholarly journals Growth, Yield and Proximate Composition of Aromatic Rice as Influenced by Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Md. Jafrul Islam SUMON ◽  
Tuhin Suvra ROY ◽  
Md. Nazmul HAQUE ◽  
Salma AHMED ◽  
Kanika MONDAL
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers can improve crop productivity and sustain soil health and fertility. To gain insights into the response of green manure and chemical fertilizer, the present study was conducted to evaluate the growth, yield and proximate composition of aromatic rice varieties in Aman season at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July to December 2014. The experiment was set up in split-plot design with three aromatic rice varieties in main plots and six fertilizer levels in subplots. ‘Raniselute’ variety produced the highest plant height, dry matter weight hill-1, straw yield (7.81 t ha-1), biological yield (9.05 t ha-1), ash (1.59%), and fat content (2.81%). ‘BRRI dhan34’ gave the maximum number of effective tillers hill-1 (12.74), panicle length (27.93 cm), number of filled grains panicle-1 (192.5), 1,000-grain weight (17.22 g), grain yield (2.26 t ha-1), harvest index (29.99%), and carbohydrate content (77.63%). Application of 80% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 3.5 t ha-1 showed better performance for getting the maximum growth, yield components and yield compared to other treatments. Recommended doses of NPKSZn showed the highest carbohydrate content (77.63%) and lowest moisture (8.75%) and ash content (1.29%). The maximum fat content (3.07%) and minimum carbohydrate content (76.53%) was obtained from 60% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 7 t ha-1. Application of 20 and 40% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 14 and 10.5 t ha-1 produced the highest moisture content (10.43%) and lowest protein content (8.26%) in rice grain. Green manure 17.5 t ha-1 produced the highest ash (1.79%), protein content (9.06%) and lowest fat content (2.51%).

scholarly journals Influence of green manure phytomass treatment by microbial preparations on grain productivity and quality indicators of winter wheat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Prikhodko ◽  
◽  
I.A. Kameneva ◽  
A.I. Yakubovskaya ◽  
N.V. Karaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Biological Preparation

Treatment of the triticale phytomass with the complex biological preparation KBP-5M before incorporation into the soil contributed to the activation of microbiological processes in the 0-30 cm layer. In the variants when the plant was in the phenological stage of spike emergence, we noted an increase in the content of N-NO3 by 0.19-0.46 mg per 100 g of soil; Р2О5 – up to 2.97; K2О – up to mg/100 g. The reason for that was the maximum accumulation of organic matter in the phytomass of triticale at the aforementioned stage of development (8.25-8.52 t/ha). The use of KBP-5M had a positive effect on the development of winter wheat when green manure was the preceding crop. There is a tendency to increase the density of the stalk by 13.3 %, including productive stems – by 3.9 % and the number of grains from 10 plants – by 1.7 % compared to the use of triticale plants as an organic fertilizer without the treatment with biological preparation. Despite the trend of increasing yields from 4.32 to 4.43 t/ha, no reliable yield increase was obtained. When applying KBP-5M on triticale plant residues, there was an increase in protein content by 0.3 % and gluten – by 1.1 % compared to variants without the biological preparation. According to the indicators of 1000-grain weight and hectolitre weight, there were no significant differences between the studied variants. The use of KBP-5M has been justified from an economic point of view since 277 to 1535 rubles per ha of contingent net income was obtained and the payback ratio for the use of the biological product was 1.05–5.79.

scholarly journals Organik Matter: It’s Role in Sustainable Farming of Sugarcane

Perspektif ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Djajadi Djajadi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Sustainable Farming

<p class="Default">ABSTRACT</p><p class="Default">Organik matter has an important role in determining soil health of sugarcane, i.e. soil capacity to support sugarcane to produce sustainable high yield. Soil organic matter influences soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, so that a consequence of declining soil organic matter is poorer soil fertility and lower yield. This paper has an objective to elucidate the important role of organic matter on sustainable farming of sugarcane. The important role of organic matter in soil fertility has been known for a long time before Green Revolution concept was introduced. With more intensity in sugarcane farming and more increasing of sugar demand, application of organic fertilizer started to be substituted by chemical fertilizer. Using green manure and/or biofertilizer has a chance to be spread out to the farmers due to more practical and more efficient than solid organik fertilizer, such as dung manure or compost. Future research should be focusing on the efectivity of green manure and or biofertilzer sources in improving soil fertility and cane yield, minimizing soil pathogen, reducing soil erosion of sugar cane land monoculture, and improving awareness of farmers about soil degradation as consequences of sugarcane monoculture planting for years.</p><p class="Default">Keywords: Organic matter, sugarcane, soil health sustainable farming</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default"><strong>Bahan Organik: Peranannya dalam Budidaya Tebu Berkelanjutan</strong></p><p class="Default">ABSTRAK</p><p class="Default">Bahan organik tanah berperan penting dalam menentukan kesehatan tanah tebu, yaitu kapasitas tanah yang dapat mendukung produksi tebu yang tinggi secara berkelanjutan. Kadar bahan organik tanah mempengaruhi sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah. Paper ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan tentang peranan bahan organik dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah pertanaman tebu. Pentingnya peran bahan oganik tersebut sudah disadari dari dulu, sehingga sebelum revolusi hijau penggunaan pupuk organik sudah umum dilakukan petani. Dengan semakin intensifnya budidaya tebu dan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan gula, pemanfaatan pupuk organik sudah jarang dilakukan. Diperlukan usaha untuk meningkatkan dan mempertahankan kadar bahan organik pada lahan tebu, antara lain berupa gerakan masal dalam bentuk gerakan nasional melalui program aplikasi bahan organik. Pemanfaatan pupuk hijau dan/atau pupuk hayati berpeluang untuk diterapkan karena lebih praktis dan efisien daripada penambahan pupuk organik padat. Penelitian ke depan perlu difokuskan untuk mengkaji jenis-jenis pupuk organik dan pupuk hayati yang efektif memperbaiki kesuburan, dalam menekan serangan penyakit, meminimalkan erosi pada lahan-lahan tebu monokultur, dan meningkatkan kesadaran petani tebu tentang terjadinya degradasi lahan akibat penanaman tebu yang terus menerus.</p><p class="Default">Kata kunci: Bahan organik, tebu, kesehatan tanah, budidaya berkelanjutan</p><p class="Default"> </p>

scholarly journals Organic Fertilization, Green Manure, and Vetch Mulch to Improve Organic Zucchini Yield and Quality

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Montemurro ◽  
Angelo Fiore ◽  
Gabriele Campanelli ◽  
Fabio Tittarelli ◽  
Luigi Ledda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
First Year ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Fertilization Program ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Yield And Quality

A 2-year field experiment was carried out in a Mediterranean environment to study the effects of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) residue management strategies incorporating green manure (GM) using a roller-crimper (RC) and different organic fertilizers (municipal solid waste compost, anaerobic digestate, and a commercial organic fertilizer) on organic zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) yield and quality. Zucchini yield was influenced positively by the vetch residue management strategy, although the response was significantly different between years. The vetch cover crop increased marketable zucchini yield in the first year by 46.6% compared with the fallow (FA) treatment, indicating that this fertility-building crop could reduce off-farm nitrogen (N) fertilizer input for subsequent crops. Averaging over 2 years of the experiment, marketable zucchini yield increased by 15.2% and 38% with the RC mulch and GM plow-down, respectively, compared with the FA treatment, although differences were significant in the first year only. The application of organic fertilizers in vetch management plots increased marketable zucchini yield by 21.8% in the first year compared with the unfertilized control. This result is particularly relevant, because organic fertilizers were applied at ≈50% of the normal application rate for zucchini after taking into account biological N fixation attributable to the vetch. The concentrations of soil mineral N at harvest were 19, 27, and 28 mg·kg−1 for the RC, FA, and GM treatments, respectively. These mineral N concentrations indicated that a portion of applied organic fertilizer N, and N attributable to vetch (GM and RC), remained in the soil at harvest, suggesting the potential for leaching, which should be taken into account in the overall fertilization program. These research findings suggest that effective vetch cover crop management and the application of organic fertilizers can improve yield and quality of organically managed zucchini.

scholarly journals Influence of vermicompost aftereffect on the efficiency of spring barley cultivation in arid conditions of the Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
O. O. Vinyukov ◽  
A. P. Dudkina ◽  
T. V. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Control Analysis

Barley is a crop, requires the availability of available nutrients in the soil, especially at the be-ginning of the growing season. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the aftereffect of using vermicompost when growing spring barley on different backgrounds in the Donetsk region. The studies were carried out according to the methodology of the field experiment of B. A. Dospehova. Research methods: field, supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations and observations. The studies were conducted in 2017–2019 by laboratory-field method in field crop rotation in the experimental sections of the Donetsk SSES NAAS. The repetition in the experiments is 3-fold. The location of the plots is systematic. The soil is alkaline-chernozemic carbonate, having an average supply of mineral nitrogen and mobile phosphorus, low – potassium. The humus content of 4,2 % indicates a high potential soil fertility, but to realize the potential of the culture, additional application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers is necessary. The technology for growing crops is generally accepted for the farms of the region, with the ex- ception of the factors studied. Variety of barley spring Avers. The experience scheme provides for: control (without fertilizers); background – saturation of crop rotation with vermicompost granular 2 t/ha; background + N30P30K30; background + N60P60K60; N30P30K30. The use of organic fertilizers under the predecessor in crop rotation provided improve nutriti-on conditions for plants, which positively affected the growth and development of spring barley plants. So, on the variants with the use of mineral fertilizers, the highest indices of the number of productive stems and the structure of the crop were noted in the background. The variant where N60P60K60 was added in the background produced the largest mass of 1000 grains – 49,8 g, which is 4,6 % higher than the control. Analysis of the study indicates the positive effect of the aftereffect of organic fertilizer (ver-micompost) on the yield of spring barley. The maximum yield of spring barley was obtained against the background of aftereffect of vermicompost 2 t/ha and the application of mineral fertilizers N60P60K60 – 5,05 t/ha, but due to high production costs, the profitability level is 114,9 %. The application of organic fertilizers under the background provides a yield of 3,67 t/ha and the highest level of profitability of 140,6 %. The optimal technological option provides for the introduction of mineral fertilizers in the norm N30P30K30 amid predecessor saturation with vermicompost. This allows increasing the yield up to 4,90 t/ha (by 1,46 t/ha or 42,4 % to the control) and obtaining a profitability level of 136,1 %. The use only of mineral fertilizer N30P30K30 in severely arid weather conditions of the steppe zone allows increasing the yield by 0,70 t/ha compared to the control but, due to the high cost of pro-duction, leads to a low production profitability of 99,6 %. Key words: spring barley, background, vermicompost, mineral fertilizers, yield, economic effici-ency.

Use of electrophysical indicators during growing strawberries on drop irrigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Yu. Dehtiarov ◽  
◽  
O. Chekar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Mineral System ◽  
Electrophysical Parameters

Yu. Dehtiarov, O. Chekar. Use of electrophysical indicators during growing strawberries on drop irrigation Three-year studies (2018-2020) have been carried out on the influence of different fertilizer systems under drip irrigation on the electrophysical parameters of typical chernozem during the cultivation of garden strawberries. It has been established that the largest changes in electrophysical parameters (electrical conductivity, total mineralization, salinity) of typical chernozem occur from the ridge to a depth of 20-30 cm. There is a difference in the obtained values of electrophysical indicators between variants of fertilization of typical chernozem (control, mineral system, organo-mineral system, organic system), and also during years of researches is revealed. Keywords: chernozem typical, electrophysical indicators, drip irrigation, fertilization.

scholarly journals The Effect of Green Manure and Chromolaena-Odorata-Based Bokashi on Nutrient Soil Content and Maize Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jusna Ahmad ◽  
Chairunnisa Lamangantjo
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

The objectives of this study are twofold; firstly, it is intended to determine the soil nutrient contents (e.g., nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, manganese, and magnesium) after the provision of Chromolaena odorata organic fertilizer. Secondly, the study is aimed at examining the growth of maize crops after the provision of the same fertilizer. It employed randomized design group consisting of three phases of treatment (i.e., control, fertilizer provision, and provision of Bokashi with Chromolaena odorata) and four-times of the repeating process. Furthermore, the variable consists of the contents of soil nutrient  before applying the treatment, vegetative growth (i.e., stem height, stem diameter, leaf size, and dry weight of root, stem, and leaf), and generative growth (i.e., weight of unhusked cob, weight of husked cob, number of seeds per cob, width of cob, and weight of 100 seeds).  The data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and it further examined by employing Least Significance Difference test at 5% level. The results reveal that the provision of Bokashi fertilizer (with Chromolaena odorata as the material) positively impacts the growth of maize crops rather than the provision of green manure and control fertilizer. Keywords: Generative Growth, Organic Fertilizer, Vegetative Growth 

scholarly journals Large-Scale Grain Producers’ Application of Land Conservation Technologies in China: Correlation Effects and Determinants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Luo ◽  
Shuyi Feng ◽  
Hongbin Liu ◽  
Bo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Land Degradation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Correlation Effects ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Conservation Technologies

The quality of cultivated land has been seriously degraded due to the overuse of chemical fertilizer in China. Land conservation technologies (LCTs) have been proven to effectively address land degradation and improve land productivity. In this study, a multivariate probit model is applied to empirically analyze the correlation effects and determinants of the application of LCTs application using cross-sectional data collected on 690 large-scale grain producers from the Jiangsu and Jiangxi provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The sample farmers were individually investigated by face-to-face questionnaires in the field that included around 400 questions. The results revealed that there are significant complementary relationships among farm manure application, commercial organic fertilizer use, and green manure plantation, and between formula fertilization and straw returning. Regarding the determinants, highly educated farmers and farmers with a large farm size and high incomes are more likely to adopt LCTs. The land size variable shows an inverted U-shaped relationship with formula fertilization, with an inflection point at 153 mu (10.20 ha), while showing an U-shaped relationship with commodity organic fertilizer use and green manure plantation technologies, with the turning points at 207 mu (13.80 ha) and 124 mu (8.27 ha), respectively. The results also indicate that extension services from agricultural technicians, agricultural technical information, and policy knowledge variables have positive effects on the application of LCTs, while the subsidy policy variable does not appear to have the expected effect. To promote the application of LCTs, suggestions include improving the extension system, selecting targeted farmers for extension training, expanding environmental policy advocacy to increase farmers’ knowledge about land degradation, and adjusting subsidies.

scholarly journals Timing incorporation of different green manure crops to minimize the risk of nitrogen leaching

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 553-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KÄNKÄNEN ◽  
A. KANGAS ◽  
T. MELA
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Soil Mineral N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
N Content

Seven field trials at four research sites were carried out to study the effect of incorporation time of different plant materials on soil mineral N content during two successive seasons. Annual hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), westerwold ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum) and straw residues of N-fertilized spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) were incorporated into the soil by ploughing in early September, late October and the following May, and by reduced tillage in May. Delaying incorporation of the green manure crop in autumn lessened the risk of N leaching. The higher the crop N and soil NO3-N content, the greater the risk of leaching. Incorporation in the following spring, which lessened the risk of N leaching as compared with early autumn ploughing, often had an adverse effect on the growth of the succeeding crop. After spring barley, the NO3-N content of the soil tended to be high, but the timing of incorporation did not have a marked effect on soil N. With exceptionally high soil mineral N content, N leaching was best inhibited by growing westerwold ryegrass in the first experimental year. ;

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