The effects and mechanisms of acids on the health of piglets and weaners – a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Nowak ◽  
Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska ◽  
Andrzej Frankiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Inorganic Acids ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe rearing of piglets is the most difficult period in the pigs’ production because of their poorly developed digestive system and the low activity of digestive enzymes. Problems in nutrition and stress cause some disorders in the functioning of the digestive system leading to diarrhea and the mortality of piglets. Starting in 2006 in the EU, a total ban on antibiotics in their use as growth promoters was introduced. Since then, new and safe feed additives have been sought in order to replace antibiotics. Organic and inorganic acids as well as their salts were recognized as effective and safe additives. Due to their properties, they can improve feed palatability and digestibility, reduce the buffer capacity of feed, impact the development and functioning of the pig’s digestive system and improve the health and growth parameters. However, the effectiveness of acids is related to their qualitative and quantitative share in the feed additive. In this review, some strategies for using organic acids, their mixtures and also some new multi-component products will be discussed.

scholarly journals Perspectives for rare earth elements as feed additive in livestock — A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hujaz Tariq ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Srobana Sarkar ◽  
Lamella Ojha ◽  
Ravi Prakash Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Safe Alternative

There is a need for newer feed additives due to legal prohibition on inclusion of growth promoting antibiotics in livestock diets in several countries due to antimicrobial resistance. In this context, rare earth elements (REE) have gained attention among animal nutritionists as potential growth promoters. Currently, several studies have reported better weight gain, milk production, egg laying capacity and feed conversion efficiency among different breeds of farm animals following supplementation with REE, with however largely inconsistent results. Furthermore, REE supplementation has also shown to improve ruminal fibrolytic and proteolytic activities as well as flavor of meat with negligible residues in edible tissue, however the mechanism behind this action is still unclear. According to existing research, due to their poor absorption and similarity with calcium REE might exert their action locally on gut microbial populations within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Moreover, REE have also shown anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative as well as immune stimulating effects. The present review aims to broaden the knowledge about use of REE as feed additives for livestock and sum up efficacy of REE supplementation on performance and health of animals by comparing the findings. Till date, researches with REE have shown properties that make them a promising, new and safe alternative feed additive but further exploration is recommended to optimize effects and clarify discrepancy of various results before practical proposals can be drafted.

scholarly journals The Mineralogical Composition of Samos Zeoliitic Rocks and their potential use as Feed Additives and Nutrition Supplements

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Anestis Filippidis ◽  
Christina Mytiglaki ◽  
Nikolaos Kantiranis ◽  
Ananias Tsirambides
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Eu Regulation ◽  
Fibrous Minerals ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
The Eu

Fifteen (15) zeolitic rocks from Karlovassi-Marathokampos basin of Samos Island (Greece) were investigated for their mineralogical composition by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method. According to EU Regulation No 651/2013, clinoptilolite of sedimentary origin with ≥80 wt% clinoptilolite, ≤20 wt% clay minerals, free of fibres and quartz, can be used as feed additive for all animal species. Depending on the zeolites, the zeolitic rocks are grouped to those containing: Clinoptilolite (33-86 wt%), clinoptilolite (59 wt%) + mordenite (20-21 wt%), clinoptilolite (22 wt%) + analcime (29 wt%), clinoptilolite (17 wt%) + phillipsite (27 wt%), analcime (29-70 wt%), mordenite (62%) and chabazite (63 wt%). None of the clinoptilolite-containing rocks (10 samples) meet the requirements of the EU Regulation No 651/2013, and thus cannot be used as feed additives for all animal species and consequently as nutrition supplements, since all of them contain 2-5 wt% quartz, two of them 20-21 wt% mordenite (fibrous zeolite), nine of them <80 wt% clinoptilolite (17-73 wt%) and two of them >20 wt% clay minerals (27-42 wt%). Although the EU Regulation No 651/2013 refers to clinoptilolite of sedimentary origin, using the presence or absence of quartz and fibrous minerals, none of the five mordenite, analcime and chabazite containing zeolitic rocks, can be used as feed additives and nutrition supplements, since all of them contain 2-6 wt% quartz and one of them contains 62 wt% mordenite (fibrous zeolite).

The Influence of Probios or Tylosin on Growth of Pigs and Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
G.K. Collington ◽  
D.S. Parker ◽  
M. Ellis ◽  
D.G. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
And Function

Both antibiotic and probiotic feed additives are in independent use in the pig industry. The modes of action of these two groups of growth-promoters remain to be established. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of inclusion of an antimicrobial feed additive (Tylosin) or a probiotic (ProbiosR, Pioneer Overseas Corporation) on growth rate and the development of intestinal structure and function of pigs from birth to 80 days of age.

scholarly journals Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Oil as a Potential Alternative to Antibiotics in Poultry

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack ◽  
Mahmoud Alagawany ◽  
Abdel-Moneim E. Abdel-Moneim ◽  
Noureldeen G. Mohammed ◽  
Asmaa F. Khafaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters

The removal of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) as feed additives in poultry nutrition from the market in many countries has compelled researchers to find unconventional and safe alternatives to AGPs. Probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, organic acids, herbs, immune-stimulants and essential oils (EO) have been investigated as feed additives in poultry production. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), one of the oldest medicinal plants and widely used around the world, can be used in poultry rations in the form of powder or essential oil. Essential oils produced from aromatic plants have become more interesting owing to their potential effects as hypocholesterolaemic agents, antioxidants, antimicrobials, antifungals and stimulants of digestive enzymes. The potential insecticidal and antimicrobial activities of EO against pathogens that cause spoilage in agriculture crops and human diseases might be attributed mainly to the high content of volatile components (mainly cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and carvacrol) in cinnamon oil. The present review focuses on the effects of cinnamon oil as a feed additive on poultry performance, carcass traits, meat quality, hypocholesterolaemic impact, antioxidant activity, immunity and microbiological aspects.

scholarly journals The use of probiotics in animal feeding for safe production and as potential alternatives to antibiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Mbarga M. J. Arsène ◽  
Anyutoulou K. L. Davares ◽  
Smolyakova L. Andreevna ◽  
Ermolaev A. Vladimirovich ◽  
Bassa Z. Carime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Suitable Alternative

Although the production of safe food for human consumption is the primary purpose for animal rearing, the environment and well-being of the animals must also be taken into consideration. Based on microbiological point of view, the production of healthy food from animals involves considering foodborne pathogens, on the one hand and on the other hand, the methods used to fight against germs during breeding. The conventional method to control or prevent bacterial infections in farming is the use antibiotics. However, the banning of these compounds as growth promoters caused many changes in animal breeding and their use has since been limited to the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. In this function, their importance no longer needs to be demonstrated, but unfortunately, their excessive and abusive use have led to a double problem which can have harmful consequences on consumer health: Resistance to antibiotics and the presence of antibiotic residues in food. The use of probiotics appears to be a suitable alternative to overcome these problems because of their ability to modulate the immune system and intestinal microflora, and further considering their antagonistic role against certain pathogenic bacteria and their ability to play the role of growth factor (sometimes associated with prebiotics) when used as feed additives. This review aims to highlight some of the negative effects of the use of antibiotics in animal rearing as well as emphasize the current knowledge on the use of probiotics as a feed additive, their influence on animal production and their potential utility as an alternative to conventional antibiotics, particularly in poultry, pig, and fish farming.

The effect of a formulation of natural essential oils used as an additive with a milk replacer and a compound feed on the feed efficiency of calves

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 68-68
Author(s):  
H.M.R. Greathead ◽  
J.M. Forbes ◽  
D. Beaumont ◽  
C. Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Specific Formulation ◽  
The Eu

Some in-feed antibiotic growth promoters have been suspended from use within the EU. Alternatives to these antibiotics are actively being sought, especially ‘natural’ alternatives, such as essential oils, to try and maintain the performance advantage attributed to the use of these antibiotics. Some essential oils, e.g. thyme and origanum, have been shown to have anti-microbial activities (Hammer et al., 1999). The active compounds responsible for this property have been identified, and include cinnamaldehyde, cineol and eugenol. A specific formulation of essential oils reinforced with their active compounds has been combined into a form suitable for use as a feed additive (Multi-Functional Feed Additive, MFA). An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of this MFA on the food conversion ratio (FCR) of calves.

scholarly journals Role of Aloe Vera as A Natural Feed Additive in Broiler Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Hassan Jalal ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan Akram ◽  
Sibel Canoğulları Doğan ◽  
Sema Yaman Fırıncıoğlu ◽  
Nida Irshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Broiler Diet

Phytogenic feed additives have replaced the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in the diet of poultry particularly broiler chickens. Researchers are moving towards the use of natural products such as herbs, spices, plants and plant products, which possess influential effects on growth performance parameters, immune response and treatment of various diseases. Aloe vera is a well-known medicinal plant and is being used for commercial and therapeutic purposes such as antimicrobials, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, wound healing, antioxidant and antiprotozoal agents. From a few last decades, the use of Aloe vera has been increased as a natural additive to broiler diet. Based on the review of literature, Aloe vera can improve immune response, growth performance in the broiler, as well as an excellent alternative of AGPs and anticoccidial drugs. It can be used for broiler diet in the form of gel, powder, ethanolic extract and aqueous extract. This review provides information about the use of Aloe vera in broiler production with reference to the effects on growth performance, immune system, intestinal microflora and coccidiosis in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals THE MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF THRACE ZEOLITIC ROCKS AND THEIR POTENTIAL USE AS FEED ADDITIVES AND NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1820
Author(s):  
A. Filippidis ◽  
N. Kantiranis ◽  
A. Tsirambides
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Eu Regulation ◽  
Type Zeolite ◽  
The Eu

Thirty two (32) locations of zeolitic rocks from Thrace (29 from Evros prefecture and 3 from Rhodope prefecture) were investigated for their mineralogical composition by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method. According to EU Regulation No 651/2013, clinoptilolite of sedimentary origin (zeolitic tuffs) with ≥80 wt% clinoptilolite, ≤20 wt% clay minerals, free of fibres and quartz, can be used as feed additive for all animal species. The zeolitic rocks of Thrace on average contain, 23-89 wt% HEUtype zeolite (clinoptilolite-heulandite), 8-45 wt% mordenite (ten locations), 24 wt% analcime (one location), 1-11 wt% mica, 1 11 wt% clay minerals, 3-37 wt% quartz, 2-29 wt% cristobalite, 3-34 wt% feldspars and 0-22 wt% amorphous materials. Only one location contains 89 wt% HEU-type zeolite (clinoptilolite-heulandite), 2 wt% clay minerals, is free of fibres, but unfortunately it contains 3 wt% quartz and 2 wt% cristobalite. Considering the mineralogical composition, the zeolitic rocks of Thrace do not meet the requirements of the EU Regulation No 651/2013, and thus cannot be used as feed additives for all animal species and consequently as nutrition supplements, since the zeolitic rocks in all locations, contain on average 3-37 wt% quartz, 2-29 wt% cristobalite, 8-45 wt% mordenite (fibrous zeolite) in 10 locations, 24-65 wt% zeolites (HEU-type ± mordenite ± analcime) in 28 locations, 74 wt% HEUtype zeolite in 2 locations and 77 wt% HEU-type zeolite in 1 location.

The effect of different levels of polyclonal antibody inclusion in a whey-based calf milk replacer on calf performances

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 157-157
Author(s):  
R. J. Fallon ◽  
B. Earley ◽  
J. Twigge
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Eu

The expectation in the EU is that the use of antibiotic growth promoters in animal production will be banned by 2005. The challenge is to find an appropriate alternative for use in calf milk replacer diets. Polyclonal antibody addition to the diet may offer a potential alternative to antibiotic feed additives. Surface active polyclonal egg antibodies derived from hyper-immunised chickens may offer such an alternative. Antibodies for common livestock pathogens can be raised in the hen and passed on to the egg and the eggs are used to produce hyper-immunised spray dried egg protein. However the optimum level of inclusion is not defined.

FEED ADDITIVES AS GROWTH PROMOTERS FOR LIVESTOCK IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND IN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
K. L. ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The United Kingdom

The recommendations of the Swann Committee and their enactment are reviewed in relation to feed additive practice in the United Kingdom. Results from surveys of enterobacteria in farm animals, animal products and man in the UK are given and their indications considered. Procedures for regulating the use of feed additives for growth promotion in the European Economic Community are outlined and some current preoccupations are considered. Criteria for feed additives used in growth promotion are discussed in relation to the evidence of the outcome of prohibiting therapeutic antibiotics for growth promotion in the U.K.

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