scholarly journals Changes in quality indicators of seeds of cereals, oil crops and their processed products

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Belokurova ◽  
◽  
M.L. Zolotavina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Mixed Feed ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Processed Products

We analyzed qualitative (biochemical) and safety indicators (toxic elements) in seeds of cereals, oil crops and products of their processing, the comparison of the biochemical traits of the corresponding crops for two years (yields of 2019 and 2020) was conducted. The purpose of the work is a comparative estimation of qualitative and safety indicators (toxic elements) in seeds of cereals, oil crops and products of their processing (for two years). As material of the research there were used seeds of cereals (wheat, corn), seeds of oil crops (sunflower, soybean) and products of their processing (sunflower cake, sunflower meal, mixed feed for pigs). The analysis was carried out by gravimetric, titrimetric and atomic absorption methods. As a result of the study there were noted the high values of the following indicators: the mass fraction of moisture in seeds of cereals and their processed products; the mass fraction of crude protein and crude fiber in seeds of oil crops and their processed products; the mass fraction of crude fat and crude ash in the seeds of oil crops; concentrations of toxic elements (cadmium and mercury) did not exceed the limit of permissible concentrations. There was practically no change in the concentration in the two-year dynamics in the mass fraction: of moisture in seeds of oil crops; of protein in processed products; of crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash; the contents of cadmium and mercury in all studied objects.

The Potency of Bifidobacterium spp. as an Alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoters on Feed Conversion Ratio, Feed Efficiency, and Nutrient Intake in Laying Hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Andreas Berny Yulianto ◽  
Anam Al Arif ◽  
Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters

This article describes a new idea about using Bifidobacteriumsp isolates as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, based on the ability of Bifidobacteriumsp isolates, which have the potential as a probiotic in laying hens. This study aims to prove that Bifobacteriumsp could improve production performance, including feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, and nutrient intake (feed intake, crude protein intake, crude fiber intake, lipid intake, and organic matter). A total of 150 laying hens at 25 weeks of age were divided into three groups (P0: control, P1: 0.1% antibiotic growth promoters, P1: 0.05% Bifidobacterium spp. probiotic) and fed on a basal diet containing 2750 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 18% crude protein for four weeks. The different supplementation to the basal diets showed significant differences (p<0.05) on feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, feed intake, crude protein intake, crude fiber intake, lipid intake, and organic matter intake among the treatments. However, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, crude protein intake, crude fiber intake, lipid intake, and organic matter intake were lowest in the group fed with 0.5% of Bifidobacterium spp. The highest feed efficiency was obtained from the groups fed with 0.5% of Bifidobacterium spp, compared with the control and supplemented antibiotics growth promoters group. 0.5% of Bifidobacterium spp. supplementation to the diet of laying hens is beneficial for increasing feed efficiency and improving feed conversion ratio. The practical and theoretical significance of the results is that Bifidobacterium spp. can be used to improve production performance in laying hens.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MULTI NUTRIENT SAUCE (MNS) DENGAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP KECERNAAN PROTEIN KASAR DAN SERAT KASAR PADA DOMBA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
M Alvin Rifqi Fadilla, Erwanto, Muhtarudin, dan Agung Kusuma Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Department Faculty ◽  
Difference Test

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of addition of Multinutrient Sauce (MNS) in the ration on digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in sheep.  This research was conducted in May—July 2019 at the People's Farm of Kebagusan Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency.  The digestibility analysis of crude protein and crude fiber was carried out at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Animal Husbandry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung.  This study used a randomized block design (RBD) based on sheep body weight with six groups and three treatments, namely R0 (ration without MNS); R1 (R0 + MNS 5%); and R2 (R0 + MNS 10%).  The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% significance level or 1% significance, and continued with further test using Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) if there is significant results.  The results showed that the addition of 10% MNS in the ration had a significant effect (P<0.05) on increasing the digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in sheep.   Keywords: multi nutrient sauce (MNS), digestibility of crude protein, digestibility of crude fiber, sheep.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Daun Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta) dengan Pengolahan Berbeda terhadap Blood Urea Nitrogen Kambing Peranakan Etawa Jantan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Okni Winda Artanti ◽  
◽  
Silvia Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Trial Duration ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Range Test

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of fresh, dried or silage cassava leaf to the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of male Etawa Crossbreed (EC) goats. Twelve EC goats (grouping based on body weight with a weight range K1: 19-20 kg; K2: 20-21 kg; K3: 21-22 kg; K4: 22 kg) were allocated in housed individually throughout 90-day trial duration (14 days for animal's adaptation to the experimental diets and 7 days of faeces collection). Experimental design was randomized complete block design consisted of 3 treatments and 4 replications: concentrate + fresh cassava leaf (P0); concentrate + dried cassava leaf (P1); and concentrate + silage cassava leaf (P2). Concentrat was given at level of 50% (3% BW) and forage was given ad libitum respectively for each treatments. Variables observed were crude fiber intake, crude fiber digestibility, crude protein digestibility and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there were significant effect of treatments were continued using duncan multiple range test. The results of this experiment showed that the processing of cassava leaves increased on crude fiber intake, crude fiber and crude protein digestibibility, but did not effect on blood urea nitrogen (BUN). In conclusion, processing of cassava leaves improved the consumption, digestibility but did not effect on blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of EC goats. Keywords: Blood Urea Nitrogen, Cassava Leaf, Male Etawa Crossbreed Goat

scholarly journals Dependence of the buffer capacity on the chemical composition of dry matter of alfalfa

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
G V Stepanova ◽  
M V Volovik
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Main Influence

Annotation It is shown that the buffer capacity of dry matter of alfalfa of the first cut in the flowering phase is 5.66-5.94 mol / liter. With an increase in the content of crude protein and crude ash by 1%, it increases by 0.14-0.40 and 0.49-0.86 mol / liter, respectively, with an increase in the content of soluble carbohydrates by 1%, it decreases by 1.44 mol / liter … The dry matter of the second cut alfalfa has a high forage quality. The content of crude protein from the stemming-beginning of budding phase to the flowering phase is in the range of 23.44-20.20%, crude ash 9.24-8.10%, while the content of crude fiber is reduced to 22.92-29.01%, dry matter - up to 20.84-26.00%. The buffer capacity of dry matter reaches 9.69-7.23 mol / liter. The main influence on the buffer capacity is exerted by the mineral composition of the dry matter. An increase in the content of crude ash by 1% increases the buffer capacity of dry matter by 0.55 ± 0.16 - 1.36 ± 0.14 mol / l, an increase in the content of crude protein by 1% increases the buffer capacity by 0.15 ± 0.06 - 0.39 ± 0.14 mol / liter.

scholarly journals Degradation of Phorbol Esters on the Jatropha curcas Linn. Seed by Biological Detoxification

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 00020
Author(s):  
Hany Handajani ◽  
Riza Rahman Hakim ◽  
Ganjar Adhywirawan Sutaro ◽  
Boy Ronald Mavuso ◽  
Zhong–Wen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phorbol Ester ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Phorbol Esters ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Significant Difference

The application of fermentation is one of methods to increase food quality biologically. Availability of Jatropha curcas residual from oil factory be focused as a soybean meal or fish meal replacement. On the other hand, J. curcas residuals possess a toxic compound as well. This study aimed to examine the effect of Aspergillus niger on the nutrition and harmful content of J. curcas as a potential ingredient of feed. In brief, J. curcas residual was fermented with a detoxification method at 3 d, 5 d, and 7 d. Crude protein, fat, and crude fiber content were assessed to discover the biological responses of J. curcas post–fermentation while phorbol ester was evaluated to toxic content post–detoxification. The results showed that crude protein and fat content were highest on 7 d post–fermentation but it was no significant difference (p > 0.05). While crude fiber content showed significant difference which the 3 d fermentation had the highest content of fiber. For phorbol ester content, 3 d fermentation showed a better result than the control group (p < 0.05). The present findings suggest that A. niger is recommendable as starter to reduce fiber and toxic content of J. curcas residual at 3 d fermentation.

scholarly journals A comparative study of assessing organic matter decomposition between composting and vermicomposting process

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-776
Author(s):  
MZ Rahman ◽  
AKMA Kabir ◽  
MA Hashem ◽  
SMA Islam ◽  
MR Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Fiber Degradation ◽  
Typical Temperature

The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of organic matter degradation between composting and vermicomposting as well as the possibility of making compost and vermicompost using cattle manure. The experiment was conducted with two treatments, where one was conventional composting (T1) and another was vermicomposting (T2) from cattle manure. The sample from composted materials was collected at 0, 20, 40 and 60th day of experiment. Parameter studied were dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash content of the samples as well as pH and temperature change during the experimental period. Results found that a significant higher DM (P<0.01) was found in T1 compared to T2. The CF degradation rate was significantly higher (P<0.01) in T2 compared to T1 group. The CP content also found significantly higher (P<0.05) in T2 compared to T1 group. There were no significant differences in EE and ash content as well as pH between the treatment groups. A typical temperature curve was found in T1 during active composting phase but the temperature was more or less same in T2 during the whole experimental period. From the experiment, it was found that crude fiber degradation rate is faster and CP content was higher in the T2 compared to T1 that might be indicated that vermicomposting is more beneficial than composting. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 768-776

scholarly journals Nutrient Quality and in Vitro Digestibility of Bio-Ammoniated Rice Straw Bales

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuk Tri Noviandi ◽  
Dibya Ratnopama ◽  
Ali Agus ◽  
Ristianto Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Randomized Design

This study was done to determine the effects of bale sizes of bio-ammoniated rice straw on its nutrient quality and in vitro digestibility. Rice straw were bio-ammoniated by adding 2 g urea and 1 g probiotic/kg DM. By following a completely randomized design, rice straw was baled in 3 different weights (15, 25, and 35 kg) with six replications for each treatment, and then stored for 3 weeks. In the end of the week 3, bales were opened, aired, and then sampled for proximate analysis (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fiber) and digestibility by in vitro gas production method. Using analysis of variance method, the proximate data showed that greater the bales size (15, 25, and 35 kg) increased crude protein (7.59, 7.86, and 9.95%, respectively; P<0.05) and decreased crude fiber contents (24.1, 22.1, and 18.8%, respectively; P<0.05). By increasing the size of bales also increased a, b, and c fractions (-0.79, 0.26, and 0.82 mL/100 mg DM; 20.2, 18.2, and 17.6 mL/100 mg DM; 0.012, 0.014, and 0.019 mL/h, respectively; P<0.05) as well as gas production (11.4, 11.5, and 13.8 mL/100 mg DM, respectively; P<0.05). It can be concluded that packing bio-ammoniated rice straw in 35 kg bale is the most effective way in increasing nutrient quality and digestibility of rice straw.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Crude Protein, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Contents of Raw and Commercially Packed Turmeric and Red Chilies

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Rubaiat Nazneen Akhand ◽  
Shoriful Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Chili Powder

Background: Turmeric and red chili are the common spices used for cuisine preparation in Bangladesh. Commercially packed turmeric and red chili might have decreased nutrient contents compared to raw turmeric and red chili. Aims:  The study aimed to compare some of the nutrient values between the commercially packed and raw turmeric and red chili. Methods: Commercially packed turmeric and red chili with different brand names (Radhuni, Tiger and Pran) and in raw turmeric and red chili were purchased from local market. Proximate analyses - dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and mineral contents were performed. The total phenolics and total tannin contents were determined using appropriate methods. Results: The proximate analysis results showed that both Radhuni (97.56 mg/g) and Tiger (97.28 mg/g) turmeric revealed significantly higher content of DM (p<0.001). No notable difference was observed in CP value. Crude fiber value displayed significantly highest value (p<0.001) in Tiger brand (4.96 mg/g) and the lowest in Radhuni brand (1.76 mg/g). Mineral content was significantly (p<0.05) highest in raw turmeric (9.97 mg/g). A significantly higher amount (p<0.001) of DM in packed chili was recorded. Tiger chili contained significantly higher amount of CP (6.02 mg/g) and CF (9.31 mg/g) while Radhuni contained the lower amount of CP (4.81 mg/g) and CF (2.48 mg/g). Raw chili had significantly higher amount of ash (13.24 mg/g). Examination revealed significant level (p<0.001) of total phenolics in acetone extracts of Tiger turmeric and chili powder. Significant amount of tannin was found in raw turmeric (33.89 µg/g; p<0.005); however, Pran brand of turmeric had the lowest amount of tannin (9.53 µg/g). Tannin content recorded in red chili was significantly (p<0.001) higher in commercially packed Tiger brand which was 16.57 µg/g compared to raw red chili (3.315 µg/g). Antioxidant analysis showed higher antioxidant activity in both raw turmeric and red chili powder. Conclusion:  Tiger brand turmeric ensures the standard moisture, fiber and protein contents as well as the amount of phenolics and tannin.

scholarly journals TOXIC ELEMENTS IN LENTIL, THYME AND JUNIPER IN THE COMPOSITION OF SEMI-SMOKED SAUSAGES USING THE METHOD OF ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY WITH ATOMIZATION IN FLAME

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Paska ◽  
Iryna Simonova ◽  
Bogdan Galuch ◽  
Iryna Basarab ◽  
Olga Masliichuk
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Resonance Absorption ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Analytical Wavelength ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Calibration Dependence ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials

Studies have been conducted into the content of toxic elements in sprouted and unsprouted lentils, juniper fruits and thyme herb, manufactured samples of semi-smoked sausages whose formulation contained the specified ingredients. The samples were prepared for conducting the study. Measuring the mass fraction of heavy metals is based on the selective absorption of electromagnetic radiation of a certain frequency by atoms of substance in a free state. Metal mass fraction in the mineralizate of a sample of food products was calculated by the calibration dependence of absorption magnitude on mass concentration of the metal. Measurement of copper and zinc mass fractions involved an atomization technique in the air-acetylene flame, with a burner heated to a temperature of around 3000 °C; their content was determined by the magnitude of radiation resonance absorption at analytical wavelength corresponding to the examined metal. It was determined that the investigated vegetable raw materials and semi-smoked sausages did not contain toxic elements that exceeded the standard.

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