scholarly journals HISTORY AND CURRENT STATE OF BELARUSIAN MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-760
Author(s):  
V. I. Varanets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The article is the first attempt in the history of Belarusian lexicography to summarize the materials on the formation and development of Belarusian medical terminology. Also for the first time the issues of functioning of Belarusian phytonyms and use of dialectal terms of medical vocabulary are considered. Russian-Belarusian dictionaries of medical vocabulary are analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals The Imperial alley and Bykov grove in museum-estate «Arkhangelskoye»: the history of creation, restoration and adaptation to modern conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
A.V. Frolova ◽  
◽  
V.A. Leonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Order ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
First Time

Historical information about the owners, stages of development of the estate «Arkhangelskoye» and the creation of the Park is presented. Special attention is paid to the planning structure of the estate, its main compositional axis in the Northern part-the Imperial alley and the Bykov grove. The current state and problems of restoration of the Imperial alley and the possibility of adapting the Bykov grove to modern recreational conditions are considered in detail. The main wood assortment of the Bykov grove is indicated and the recommendations for care are given. For the first time, the archives of the estate Museum (projects in 1978, 2001, and 2017) were worked out all data about the Bykov grove and the Imperial alley are collected in chronological order and described in the article. The authors conducted the last research before the restoration and adaptation in 2018.

scholarly journals NEO-PAGANISM OF THE CRIMEAN KARAITES: GENESIS AND CURRENT STATE

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
Maksym Martyn
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
First Time

Summary. The purpose of the study is to analyze the history of the emergence and development of the phenomenon in the culture of the Karaites of Eastern Europe, which can be described as neo-paganism. Research methodology is based on the scientific and special-historical methods and the growth of the historical analysis. The article is based on the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity and problem-chronological approach. The scholar novelty of the article is in the fact that for the first time an attempt has been made to comprehensively study the phenomenon of neo-paganism of the Crimean Karaites in its development, from its origin to the present state. In the same way, for the first time it attempts to single out all the elements on which the neo-pagan discourse of the Crimean Karaites is based, to determine the time and circumstance of the appearance or the first mention of each of them. Conclusions. It was found that the search for or invention of pagan traditions in the culture of the Crimean Karaites was an irreversible and logical consequence of the campaign to absolutize the importance of Turkish heritage and popularize the idea of exclusively Turkish origin of the Crimean Karaites, conducted by Karaite leader S. Shapshal in the 1930s among the Karaites of the Second Polish Republic. The source of inspiration for authors who have been looking for traces of paganism in the culture of the Karaites of Eastern Europe could be materials published in the interwar Karaite press, including the Polish-language magazine "Myśl Karaimska" published in Vilno (contemporary Vilnius), and on the editorial policy of which S. Shapshal had a great influence. However, as can be seen, Shapshal is not always personally responsible for the interpretation of various elements of Karaite culture as pagan and for the emergence of new pseudo-pagan elements. It has also been shown that not all elements of Karaite culture used as evidence of the paganism of their ancestors are late inventions or borrowings, but may be traces of the cultural diffusion of Karaites and Turkish peoples during the long existence of Karaites in the Turkish environment.

scholarly journals MEMORIALIZATION OF OBJECTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OF FEDERAL SIGNIFICANCE IN TYUMEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-112
Author(s):  
Dmitrii A. GOGOLEV ◽  
Elena O. MAKAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

The historic monuments of Tyumen are an integral part of the historical and cultural landscape of the city, especially those of them that have the status of the objects of the cultural heritage of the federal significance. The relevance of this topic lies in commemorative marks being one of the sources of the formation of historical memory. For the first time, there is an attempt to study the commemorative potential using the example of a limited number of cultural heritage sites in Tyumen and compare with its current state. A comprehensive study of the history of these objects allows identifying their commemorative potential, while the comprehension of the current state of their memorialization aids in developing specific proposals for perpetuating significant events for them. Using the principles of objectivity and historicism, the authors have studied memorial plaques. Today, they are the only type of commemorative signs located on the cult cultural heritage sites of federal significance in Tyumen. Their texts contain information exclusively about the events of religious life. The reason for this may be the fact that the initiative to install all the memorial signs came from the representatives of the church. The events related to the history of the iconic monuments of Tyumen were grouped into thematic blocks. They reflect the connection of these objects with facts from the life of indivi¬duals or with the history of the most memorial place. This allows formulating more clearly their proposals for the memorialization of historic objects of cultural heritage of federal significance in Tyumen. It should be noted that the issue of the current state and prospects of memorialization of the historic objects of cultural heritage of regional significance in Tyumen requires a special study.

scholarly journals The Development of Contemporary Ukrainian Cinema

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-216
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Bezruchko ◽  
Nataliia Kachmar
Keyword(s):  
Film Industry ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
National Cinema ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Current State ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methods Analytical ◽  
First Time ◽  
Modern Condition

The purpose of the research is to investigate the history of contemporary Ukrainian cinema and to analyze the ways of its development. Highlight the main problems of national film production; identify the main principles and areas of its potential realization, the conditions for creating a successful and engaging film industry in Ukraine. The research methodology consists of the following methods: analytical – the study and analysis of historical materials of the Ukrainian cinema formation; empirical – the generalization of monitoring the intensity of filmmaking; theoretical – the research of prospects and directions of national film potential realization. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the prospects and directions of the national film potential realization are outlined based on the detailed in-depth analysis of the Ukrainian cinema historical development, an estimation of its modern condition. Conclusions. Analysis of the current state of Ukrainian cinema showed that the national cinema has undergone changes in the basic guidelines and value vectors of its development, intensified the process of realizing its potential, began building effective mechanisms of administrative and legal regulation of this area for development and proper functioning of the domestic film industry.

Anatomical Terms in Jurgis Žilinskas’ Short Textbook of Osteology and Syndesmology

2021 ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Nijolė Litevkienė ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Greek Language ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Anatomical Terminology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Terminology ◽  
Medical Concepts ◽  
Rich History

Medical terminology has an extensive and rich history in Latin and Greek languages. When Romans conquered Greece, the knowledge and language of both cultures merged, resulting in new medical concepts regarding disease treatment and containment. Medical records were chronicled by hand, creating medical terms and books. Although medical terms have been drawn from many languages, a large majority originate from Greek and Latin. Terms of Greek origin occur mainly in clinical terminology, while Latin terms make up the majority of anatomical terminology. Another reason for a large number of Greek medical terms is that the Greek language is quite suitable for building compound words. The article discusses the current state of anatomical terminology in Lithuania. The history of the Lithuanian nomenclature of anatomy dates back several centuries, during which the most frequently used Lithuanian anatomical terms were gradually developed. Every time, writing and publishing textbooks, methodological aids, and other anatomy books in the Lithuanian language, the authors interpreted various Latin anatomy terms in their own way and introduced new equivalents in the Lithuanian language. However, they often did not agree on the translation of various Latin terms into Lithuanian and their application to define various structures. The development and perfection of medical terminology is a long process. The most significant contribution in regulating Lithuanian anatomical terminology was made by Jurgis Žilinskas. The terms that we currently use can be found in his textbooks “Osteologija ir syndesmologija” (“Osteology and syndesmology”) (1932) and “Splanchnologija” (“Splanchnology”) (1934) (Litevkiene, Korosteliova 2012, 208). He initiated term regulation in his first textbook, “Lectures of Neurology” (1923), containing only Latin terms, well-formed according to Baseler’s nomenclature. The nomenclature of anatomy compiled by him was applied in other anatomy textbooks and the Dictionary of Medical Terms.

scholarly journals "WHITE ELEPHANT" IN UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS: RECREATIONAL AND TOURIST POTENTIAL

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Igor Smyrnov ◽  
Anastasia Rikichynska
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
80Th Anniversary ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Current State ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Aim: To uncover the recreational and tourist potential of a unique building on the Mount Pip Ivan Chernogirsky in the Carpathian Mountains, a high-altitude astronomical and meteorological observatory, which is now being restored by the joint Ukrainian-Polish efforts, after 80 years of decline. Methodology: research of archival sources on the history of the construction, functioning, decay and restoration of the unique high-altitude observatory in the Carpathians in the modern conditions, which is now the largest object of Ukrainian-Polish cooperation in the humanitarian sphere. Results: Characteristics of the current state and the possibilities of using the unique high-altitude observatory "White Elephant" in the Carpathians as a factor of the tourism development in the region. Scientific novelty: For the first time a comprehensive study of the past, present and future of the former Polish astronomy and meteorological observatory "White Elephant" has been carried out for the first time in the Chernogora massif of the Ukrainian Carpathians, taking into account the celebrations devoted to the 80th anniversary of its construction, with the participation of the Polish Minister of Investment and Development, the rectors of Warsaw and Precarpathian Universities. Practical significance: the article reveals the peculiarities of the restoration of the White Elephant High-Altitude Observatory in the Carpathian Mountains by joint Ukrainian-Polish efforts and encourages potential investors in this project, including Ukrainian, Polish and European higher educational establishments, for which the observatory can be the base for student practices in geography, meteorology, astronomy, geology, biology, ornithology, etc.

scholarly journals MEMORIES OF PROFESSORS OF D. IZRAEL (1848–1926) AND M. NITTS (1848–1906) (TO THE 170 ANNIVERSARY SINCE BIRTH)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
T. Sh. Morgoshiia
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
German Society ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Honorary Member ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
First Time

The article notes that James Israel and Max Nitze have successfully developed European medicine for more than 30 years of their scientific and practical activities, enriching it with both experimental and large clinical experience. Their scientific achievements greatly contributed to the development of modern clinical urology throughout the world. Based on an analysis of the results of more than 1000 nephrectomy operations for tuberculosis, Izrael made a conclusion about the effectiveness of surgical treatment of this disease. In addition to kidney surgery, J. Israel developed questions of rhinoplasty. He participated in the International Congress of Physicians in Moscow (1897), where he reported on 191 kidney operations. He was an honorary member of the German Society of Surgeons, the Berlin Society of Urology, President of the International Congress of Urology (Paris, 1908). The main merit of M. Nitze is the invention of a cystoscope, in which for the first time an electric light source for illuminating the bladder was located at the end of a tool inserted into the bladder. The invention of the cystoscope contributed to the development of urology as an independent clinical discipline and marked the beginning of endoscopic studies of various organs and body cavities. It is analyzed the fact that the history of medicine gives rich material not only to understanding evolution, but also to the possibility to foresee its further development. The current state of clinical urology is determined by the progress of basic research in biology, physics, biochemistry, bacteriology, immunology, pharmacology. At the same time, it was noted that the personality of the scientist-physician, his observation, the non-standard view, the ability to see the opening perspectives, to bring up worthy students, to create a scientific and clinical school of urologists, is of utmost importance, at the same time, to the full compliance of the great German urologists J Israel and M. Nitze.Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The author declares no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Historical stages of development of the arbitration agreement and arbitration

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Alla Avsiievych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Commercial Arbitration ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
International Commercial Arbitration ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Important Form

International commercial arbitration is one of the most important institutions of modern law, an important form of resolving disputes arising in foreign economic activity. The history of international commercial arbitration has significantly affected its current state and therefore needs detailed consideration. To study this topic, it is necessary to clearly distinguish between the types of arbitration that existed at one time or another. The article is devoted to the stages of development of international commercial arbitration and its application to resolve international commercial disputes. The article examines the provisions of legal acts that for the first time define the concept and legal status of international commercial arbitration.

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Management of Patients Suffering from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. CMO.S6201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Clifford ◽  
Anna Schuh
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Response Prediction ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has evolved dramatically in the last decade. For the first time, clinical intervention has been shown to alter the natural history of the disease. Considerable efforts are focussing on better patient selection and response prediction, and it is expected that the publication of the first 200 CLL genomes will spark new insights into risk stratification of CLL patients. Besides, many new agents are being evaluated on their own and in combination therapy in early and late Phase clinical studies. Here, we provide a general clinical introduction into CLL including diagnosis and prognostic markers followed by a summary of the current state-of-the-art treatment. We point to areas of continued clinical research in particular for patients with co-morbidities and highlight the challenges in managing refractory disease.

scholarly journals Leksem 'apopleksja' w historii polszczyzny

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Lucyna Agnieszka Jankowiak
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
World War ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Medical Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brain Stroke ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second World

The lexeme apopleksja in the history of PolishApopleksja ‘apoplexy’ is a word of Latin origin which was used for the first time as a medical term probably in 1534 in a herbarium by Stefan Falimirz. Since then it has been continuously included in dictionaries. Over the period of its presence in Polish, it has been considered to be a medical term, which has been numerously evidenced in medical texts of various epochs and also by the fact that it was referenced in two medical lexicons which are important in the history of the Polish medical terminology: one of 1881, the other of 1905. However, these lexicons show that the term apopleksja had competition. Most probably, the lexeme apopleksja was used for the last time as a strictly medical term before the Second World War. Today it belongs to a group of archaisms in the medical terminology and has been replaced by the following terms: udar (udar mózgu, udar mózgowy) ‘stroke (brain stroke, cerebral stroke).’ Leksem apopleksja w historii polszczyznyApopleksja to wyraz pochodzenia łacińskiego użyty po raz pierwszy prawdopodobnie w 1534 r. w zielniku Stefana Falimirza w funkcji ówczesnego terminu medycznego. Od tego momentu do dziś jest nieprzerwanie notowany przez słowniki. W ciągu swej bytności w polszczyźnie traktowany jest jako termin medyczny, o czym świadczą jego liczne poświadczenia w tekstach medycznych różnych epok oraz fakt odnotowania go w dwóch ważnych dla historii polskiej terminologii medycznej leksykonach medycznych: z 1881 r. i z 1905 r. Jednak już w tych leksykonach widać, że termin apopleksja miał konkurencję. Prawdopodobnie leksem apopleksja ostatni raz został użyty jako termin ściśle medyczny przed drugą wojną światową. Dziś należy do grupy archaizmów w terminologii medycznej, a jego miejsce zajęły terminy: udar (udar mózgu, udar mózgowy).

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