scholarly journals Awareness Of Risk Factors Associated With Obesity Among Homemakers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 773-779
Author(s):  
Akifa begum ◽  
Kavitha S ◽  
Sridevi G ◽  
Vishnupriya V ◽  
Gayathri R
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Sleeping Habits

Obesity is a condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health. There are many reasons why a person becomes obese, and in case of homemakers, the main cause of obesity can be their sleeping habits, or the type of food they eat regularly, or lack of physical exercises. There are many risk factors of obesity which the homemakers should be aware of to reduce the chances of obesity and keep their lives healthy. The aim of the study was to create awareness on risk factors of obesity among homemakers. A questionnaire was prepared and circulated via an online platform. The data were collected, tabulated and analysed using SPSS software. Descriptive analysis and chi-square association test was performed. According to the results observed, an average of 83% of the participants is aware of the risk factors of obesity. 75.6% of the participants are aware that obesity causes heart diseases and digestive problems. The conclusion is that the majority of the homemakers are aware of the risk factors of obesity.

Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke subtypes among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of JUMC

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekalu Getachew Gebreegziabher ◽  
Tesema Etefa Birhanu ◽  
Diriba Dereje Olana ◽  
Behailu Terefe Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Unit ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stroke Subtypes

Background: Stroke is a great public health problem in Ethiopia. According to reports, in-hospital stroke mortality was estimated to be 14.7% in Ethiopia. Despite this, in this country researches done on factors associated with stroke sub-types were inadequate. Objective: To assess the Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke sub-types among patients admitted to JUMC. Methods and materials: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 in stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 106 medical charts of patients diagnosed with stroke were reviewed. Checklist comprising of relevant variables was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was employed for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test was used to point-out association and difference among stroke sub-types. The data was presented using text, tables and figures. Result: From a total of 106 patients, 67(63.2%) were men. The mean ± SD of age was 52.67±12.46 years, and no significant association was found. Of all the patients, 59(55.6%) had ischemic strokes and 47(44.4%) had hemorrhagic strokes. The most common risk factor in the patients was alcohol use with a prevalence of 69.9%. Of all the risk factors, only sex, cigarettes smoking and dyslipidemia were significantly associated to sub-types of stroke. Conclusion: Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype of stroke. Sex of patient, cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia are significantly associated with the two stroke subtypes.

Abstract W MP54: Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infections after Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Their Impact on Outcome: The Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) Study

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron S Lord ◽  
Mitchell S Elkind ◽  
Carl D Langefeld ◽  
Charles J Moomaw ◽  
Neeraj Badjatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Ct Data

Background: Risk factors for nosocomial infections and their impact on ICH outcomes are unclear. We hypothesized that factors present on admission are associated with developing infection, and patients who develop infections have worse outcomes. Methods: We determined prevalence of infections among patients in ERICH, a multicenter, triethnic case-control study of ICH. Exclusion criteria specific to this analysis were incomplete CT data and death/withdrawal of care <72 hours after admission. Patients with infection <two weeks before ICH were excluded from risk factor analyses, but included for outcomes assessments. We compared prevalence of risk factors for infections using chi-square and non-parametric tests, and performed multivariate logistic regression for risk of infection. Results: We enrolled 1397 individuals, 144 of whom died/had withdrawal of care within 72 hours and 210 with incomplete CT data, leaving 1043 patients. Nosocomial infections occurred in 300 patients (29%). Factors associated with presence of infections included ICH volume (13mL vs. 7mL, p <0.0001), GCS on admission (13 vs. 15, p <0.0001), WBC > 10 (42% vs. 32%), and higher CRP levels (4.9 vs. 1.8, p=0.01). Blacks had higher infection rates versus whites and Hispanics (33% vs. 27% and 24%, p=0.06). Procedural factors associated with infection included ventriculostomy, intrathecal-tPA, and intubation, while major neurosurgical procedures were associated with a 10-fold increase in CNS infection (all p <0.001). Infections were associated with bowel-bladder dysfunction, CHF/pulmonary edema, decubiti, DVT, dysphagia requiring PEG, and MI. Patients with infection were more likely to have DNR/DNI orders or to be dead at discharge (12.3% vs. 6.5%, p=0.0017). In a multivariate model for factors associated with infection, ICH volume, HIV history, intubation, CHF/pulmonary edema, and dysphagia requiring PEG were all associated with infection. Conclusion: There are identifiable risk factors associated with nosocomial infection after ICH, and infections are associated with mortality. Identification of patients at risk for infections may improve outcomes after ICH.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaolu T. Olufemi ◽  
Danjuma B. Dantala ◽  
Paul A. Shinggu ◽  
Umesi A. Dike ◽  
Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
La Jolla

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.

scholarly journals Risk factors of soil transmitted helminth infection among primary school students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
I Gede Gita Sastrawan ◽  
Jordaniel Setiabudi ◽  
Ni Putu Sanjiwani ◽  
Ni Komang Indriyani ◽  
Dewa Ayu Laksemi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated

Latar belakang: Infeksi kronis dari soil transmitted helminth (STH) dapat menyebabkan gangguan gizi, pertumbuhan dan kognitif pada anak. Untuk mengurangi dampak infeksi STH, diperlukan identifikasi faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada siswa sekolah dasar di Desa Seraya Timur, Karangasem, Bali. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mengambil total sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2020. Data primer mengenai faktor-faktor risiko infeksi STH dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Diagnosis infeksi STH dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan tinja dengan metode Kato-Katz. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Hasil: Sebanyak 83 siswa yang berusia 6-12 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat 9 siswa (10.84%) yang terinfeksi STH dengan intensitas infeksi ringan. Sebanyak 55.56% terinfeksi Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan 11.11% terinfeksi cacing tambang. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan infeksi STH diantaranya adalah sering bermain tanah (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), bermain tanpa alas kaki (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278) tidak mencuci tangan setelah bermain tanah (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) dan tidak memotong kuku secara rutin (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388).  Pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan mampu memberikan efek proteksi terhadap infeksi STH (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Kesimpulan: Kebersihan diri menjadi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan terkait kebersihan diri disamping pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan. Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, infeksi STH, anak sekolah dasar   Abstract   Background: Chronic soil transmitted helminth (STH) infection might cause nutritional, growth and cognitive impairment in children. Identifying the risk factors of STH infection is crucially needed to minimize the infection effects. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with STH infections among primary school students in Seraya Timur Village, Karangasem, Bali. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sampling method. The study was conducted in January 2020. Risk factors data were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of STH infection was done by stool examination with the Kato-Katz method. The chi-square test was used to determine the risk factors associated with STH infection. Results: 83 students with ages ranging from 6-12 years participated in this study. There were 9 students (10.84%) whose infected with mild infection of STH. 55.56% of students were infected by Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% were Ascaris lumbricoides infections and 11.11% were hookworm infections. There were several risk factors that significantly associated with STH infection including ground’s playing (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), barefoot (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278), did not wash hands after playing soil (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) and did not routinely cut their nails (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Deworming every six months could provide a protective effect against STH infection (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Conclusion: Personal hygiene is a risk factor associated with STH infection. It is recommended to increase personal hygiene promotion besides dewormed every six months. Keywords: Risk factors, STH infection, primary school students

scholarly journals Trunk Lateral Flexor Endurance and Body Fat: Predictive Risk Factors for Low Back Pain in Child Equestrian Athletes

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Antonio Cejudo ◽  
Angélica Ginés-Díaz ◽  
Olga Rodríguez-Ferrán ◽  
Fernando Santonja-Medina ◽  
Pilar Sainz de Baranda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injury ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Predictive Risk

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common overuse musculoskeletal injury suffered by child equestrian athletes (CEA). Despite this, little is known about the risk factors related to LBP in these athletes, and very limited research has been conducted on this topic. This study was designed to investigate predictive risk factors for LBP in CEA. The purposes of this research were to determine whether anthropometric, range of motion (ROM), core endurance and sagittal spinal morphotype measures are risk factors for LBP and to establish a diagnostic cutoff value for those factors associated with LBP. Nineteen CEA between the ages of 12 and 17 years were voluntarily recruited. Potential risk factors evaluated included corporal composition, lower limb ROM, core endurance and sagittal spinal measures. Associations and predictions were calculated between these risk factors and the LBP during the last 12 months. Almost half of the CEA have suffered at least one episode of LBP. Two risk factors and cutoff values were identified as predictors of LBP in CEA: having a high body fat higher than 23% (p = 0.01) and trunk lateral flexor endurance lower to 65 s (p = 0.021), body fat being the strongest predictor.

scholarly journals Profile of Risk Factors Associated with Stillbirth at Western Regional Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabi Prasad Regmi ◽  
Shyam Sundar Parajuly ◽  
Dela Singh ◽  
Nabin Shrestha ◽  
Srijana Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Western Regional

Background: Stillbirth (SB) incidents are one of the most common adverse outcomes to occur during pregnancy. Studies indicate that approximately 3.3 million stillbirths are reported annually across the developing world. Institutional registration and under reporting of still birth to an authorized centre is a common problem. Objective: The objective of this study is to find out the incidence of SB after 28 weeks gestation and to find out the associated risk factors at Western Regional Hospital of Nepal. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study carried out at Western Regional Hospital. Stillbirth babies born after 28 weeks of gestation or birth weight ≥ 1 kilogram and their mothers were recruited for the study. Intrapartum stillbirths were included despite of their ages, races or socio-economic status. Descriptive analysis was done on the data. Results: There were 3380 deliveries during the period of study. Among them, 50 cases were stillborn babies with a rate of 14 per thousand deliveries. The major risk factors associated were oligohydramnios, decreased fetal movement, growth restriction, meconium stained liquor and cord prolapse. Conclusion: Oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index < 5cm) was the most common risk factor for stillbirth. Early identification and appropriate perinatal management could help to promote perinatal health.

The Grand National: a review of factors associated with non-completion and horse-falls, 1990 to 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Williams ◽  
D.M. Marlin ◽  
N. Langley ◽  
T.D. Parkin ◽  
H. Randle
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Equine Welfare

The Grand National (GN) attracts high profile press and subsequent public attention. This study aimed to establish if factors influential to non-completion, horse-falls and specific fence risk in the GN supported the measures implemented by the British Horseracing Authority (BHA) to improve equine welfare in the GN. Horse, jockey, trainer and race related factors associated with non-completion, horse-falls and horse-falls at specific fences of the GN were collated over a 22 year period from 1990 to 2012. Descriptive analysis calculated non-completion rates per year, according to age and reason for non-completion. The distribution of fallers during the race in relation to fence number, design and key feature fences were also determined. Univariable analysis informed multivariable model building to identify factors associated with non-completion (n=840) and horse-falls (n=514) in the GN. Two final logistic regression models were refined through a backward stepwise process with variables retained if likelihood ratio test P-values were <0.05. Chi-square goodness of fit analyses evaluated fall risk at fence level. During the period investigated 347 horses completed the GN; the probability of a horse falling in the race was 0.24. The first fence, Becher's brook and drop fences increased the risk of falling compared to plain fences. Good-soft going increased the number of horses that completed the race and reduced the number of fallers suggesting this is the optimal ground condition for the race. GNs run at a faster than average speed increased the risk of horses not completing and falling. Inexperienced horses and jockeys show a greater risk of not completing and falling. Our work supports BHA measures implemented to improve safety in the GN; controlling speed, modifying fence design, promoting race experience and ground maintenance to produce good-soft going can increase completions and reduce falls, therefore enhancing equine welfare.

scholarly journals Association between Self-Reported Bruxism and Sleeping Patterns among Dental Students in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shereen M. Shokry ◽  
Eman E. El Wakeel ◽  
Nassr Al-Maflehi ◽  
Zaheera RasRas ◽  
Nida Fataftah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Sleeping Habits ◽  
Nighttime Sleep

Objectives.The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify sleeping patterns among dental students and their association with self-reported bruxism in Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy (RCsDP).Methods.A cross-sectional study was performed including 549 students (67 men and 482 women). A structured questionnaire was adopted from The PSQI (The Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index) used for data collection. It included questions which are categorized into sleeping habits, sleep-related symptoms, and additional questions concerning bruxism. This questionnaire was randomly distributed among all college preclinical and postclinical students. Sleep bruxism diagnosis was based on self-reported data. The data were analyzed using Chi-square tests through SPSS software for Windows.Results.Statistical analyses revealed significant correlations between self-reported bruxism and sleeping habits including sleep initiation (χ2=22.6,p=0.000), continuous sleep until morning (χ2=19.2,p=0.001), nighttime sleep duration (χ2=20.2,p=0.000), and length of daytime naps (χ2=28.35,p=0.000). There was an association between self-reported bruxism and sleeping-related symptoms including awakening early in the morning before the usual time without a cause (χ2=16.52,p=0.000) and increased nightmares (χ2=13.7,p=0.001).Conclusions.Poor sleeping pattern was an important factor among dental students, who reported sleep bruxism.

scholarly journals Parental risk factors associated with congenital heart disease in a Thai population: multivariable analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chayamon Suwansumrit ◽  
Worawan Jittham
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common types of birth defects and contribute to a large proportion of infant morbidities and mortalities worldwide. These defects may require multiple surgical interventions impacting the infant's quality of life. Objectives To identify risk factors associated with CHD in a population of Thai children. Methods We conducted a case–control study of patients attending the Pediatric Clinic, Naresuan University Hospital, Thailand. We included data from pediatric patients diagnosed with CHDs as cases, and patients without cardiovascular abnormalities as controls. Risk data were collected from July 2019 to April 2020 using face-to-face interviews. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze parental factors associated with CHDs. Results We included 249 cases classified into 2 groups according to severity and 304 patients as controls. For those less-severely affected (155 patients, 62.2%), ventricular septal defect (27.7%) was the most prevalent, whereas for those with severe CHDs, tetralogy of Fallot was the most prevalent (14.0%). There was no difference in sex distribution or maternal obstetric history between the groups. In multivariable analysis, a family history of CHDs (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.61–13.57, P = 0.005) and maternal exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke (AOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.03–2.42, P = 0.002) were identified as significant risk factors for CHDs. Conclusion A family history of CHDs and maternal exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke are associated with having offspring with CHDs in the population studied. These findings help us to encourage affected parents to obtain a fetal echocardiogram.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with the development of dental caries in Bulgarian children

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Dobrinka Mitkova Damyanova ◽  
Valentina Velikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pediatric Dentists ◽  
And Behavior

The purpose of this study was to examine the risk factors associated with the development of dental caries in children in Bulgaria. The research has been carried out at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, in the period 2015-2016, with the permission of the University Scientific Research Committee and informed consent signed by each parent. The subject of observation was parents of children from Varna region in Bulgaria. The results were statistically processed with SPSS v.20.0, using variation and comparison (chi-square) analyzes. For significance level we assume p&lt;0.05. The volume of observation encompasses 100 persons. Units of observation are patients aged three to six years with the need for prevention and treatment of dental caries of the primary dentition. The registration was done in a specially developed questionnaire, including 22 questions, each with the possibility of more than one answer. In processing the obtained data, Student's criterion was used to compare the mean values of two independent samples. In a comparative analysis of the results, we found that 71.01% of children aged three to six years visit a dentist, and patients use fluoride only in the form of toothpaste containing fluoride. When studying the knowledge and behavior of parents in the direction of risk factors for the development of dental caries and oral prophylaxis, need for a new approach of pediatric dentists has been found, focused on programming preventive and non-invasive treatment of children according to their individual needs.

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