Bioprospecting brown algae (Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh) as a potential
antioxidant additive in snack bar and its sensory evaluation

Fucoxanthin from brown algae has potential as a promising functional food component. However, fucoxanthin is less stable under high temperature and light exposure. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of stevia and cacao butter in increasing the stability of Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh extract containing fucoxanthin and its application as a snack bar. Brown algae, S. polycystum, was extracted using 96% foodgrade ethanol. Antioxidant activity and stability assay were performed using the 2,2- Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Antioxidant activity of both, extract (E) and extract + stevia (ES), was found to decrease with time. Meanwhile, cacao butter was able to maintain extract’s stability without any significant difference when compared to extract alone. A combination of extract, stevia, and cacao butter (ESC) were found to be able to maintain antioxidant stability. Formulation of a snack bar with cacao butter and 1% stevia were more preferred by the panellists when compared to the other formulations. This study reports that cacao butter and 1% stevia is able to maintain antioxidant stability and improve the economic value of S. polycystum, one of them through the formulations of the snack bar.

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Changes of antioxidant activity in honey after heat treatment

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/509/2012-cjfs ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 601-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

G. Šarić ◽

K. Marković ◽

D. Vukičević ◽

E. Lež ◽

M. Hruškar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Acacia Honey ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

We determined how the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of honey changed after being subjected to a high temperature. Antioxidant activity was determined using two methods – FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assays. Total phenolic content was determined by modified Folin-Ciocalteu method. The research was conducted on 31 samples of acacia honey and 8 samples of chestnut honey. All measurements were done at two temperatures – at 23°C (room temperature) and after 5 min of heating at 95°C. The obtained results show uneven changes of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content among individual samples, i.e. in some samples antioxidant activity decreased after heating, while in others it increased. The same applies to the total phenolic content. Statistical analysis of the results (t-test) showed no statistically significant differences between the results measured at two different temperatures (P > 0.05) in all three methods used, and in both types of honey. The only statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed when using DPPH method in acacia honey.

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Karakteristik Kandungan Fukosantin dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Alga Coklat (Sargassum polycystum) pada Perlakuan Konsentrasi Pelarut Aseton dan Suhu Maserasi

JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI ◽

10.24843/jrma.2020.v08.i01.p09 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ni Kadek Eka Wati ◽

Lutfi Suhendra ◽

Ni Made Wartini

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Experimental Research ◽

Brown Algae ◽

Solvent Concentration ◽

Sargassum Polycystum ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Two Factors

Fucoxanthin has great potential to be developed as an antioxidant. The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of acetone solvent concentration and maceration temperature on the fucoxanthin content and antioxidant activity of brown algae extract (Sargassum polycystum) and determine the best acetone solvent concentration and maceration temperature on the fucoxanthin content and antioxidant activity of brown algae extract (Sargassum polycystum) . The study was the experimental research which designed by using randomized block desin (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was solvent concentration that consists of 70, 80 and 90 percent. The second factor was maceration temperature that consists of 30±2?, 40±2? and 50±2?. The data were analyzed by analysis of varian (ANOVA) and continued with the Tukey test. The results showed that the concentration of acetone solvent was influential on the content of fucoxanthin and antioxidant activity but did not affect the yield. Maceration temperature is influential on yield, fucoxanthin content and antioxidant activity. Interactions between treatments of acetone solvent concentration and maceration temperature greatly affect the content of fucoxanthin and antioxidant activity but do not affect the yield. The treatment of acetone 80 percent solvent concentration and maceration temperature 30±2? is the best treatment to produce brown algae extract (Sargassum polycystum) with a yield of 3.24 ± 0.45 percent, fucoxanthin content 1.03 ± 0.01 g fukosantin/g and antioxidant activity 99 ± 8.49 ppm and show activity powerful antioxidant. Keywords: Sargassum polycystum, acetone, maceration, fucoxanthin, antioxidant.

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Identification and Quantification of Antioxidant Compounds in Clarified Cashew Apple Juice ‘Cajuína’

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401315666190206124545 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 585-591

Author(s):

Rayssa G.L. Porto-Luz ◽

Amanda J.B. de Moura ◽

Bibiana da Silva ◽

Roseane Fett ◽

Marcos A. da Mota Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Apple Juice ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Cashew Apple Juice ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cashew Apple

Background: Cajuína is obtained through clarification of cashew apple juice (Anacardium occidentale L.), a non-diluted and non-fermented beverage, which is prepared from the edible part of the pseudo-fruit. Objective: This study sought to identify and quantify phenolic compounds, determine vitamin C content, total flavonoid content, and the antioxidant activity of two commercial brands of clarified cashew apple juice (cajuína) produced in Piauí, Brazil. Methods: Spectrophotometric and high performance liquid chromatography were used. Results: A high vitamin C content was found mainly in brand A. A high total phenolic content was observed in brand A, and there was no significant difference in flavonoid content between the two brands. Cajuína had high antioxidant activity, which was confirmed by two methods. The highest value was found for brand A by the DPPH method. Conclusion: We concluded that this clarified cashew apple juice has a high antioxidant compound content, and it is a functional food.

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Antioxidants Activity of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System on Dayak Onions Extract (Eleutherine palmifolia) using DPPH (2,2 difenil-1- picrylhydrazyl) Method

Journal Of Tropical Pharmacy And Chemistry ◽

10.25026/jtpc.v5i4.339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 396-405

Author(s):

Rahmi Annisa ◽

Tanaya Jati Dharma ◽

Roihatul Mutiah ◽

Sitti Nurjannah

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Onion Extract ◽

Extract Solution ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Two Samples ◽

Significant Difference

Dayak onions (Eleutherine palmifolia L. Merr) is one plant that has been proven to have benefits as an antioxidant. The Dayak extract is formulated in the self nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) because the extract has low water solubility. The aims this study to develop the SNEDDS formulation system by testing its antioxidant activity. We determined whether there was an increase in antioxidant activity when formulated in the form of SNEDDS or not. The results were then compared with a solution of Dayak onions extract without using SNEDDS. The obtained formula was the optimal result that has been done before using the D-optimal mixture design method. The results of the components consisted of 50 mg of Dayak extract, 10 % caprylic triglyceride as oil, 1% tween 80, and 6,60 % transcutol as a combination surfactant and 12,40 % propylene glycol as co-surfactant. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The antioxidant test using the DPPH method was done with two samples, namely the extract solution and Dayak onion extract SNEDDS. We elaborated the research by using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Each sample was made into five concentrations, namely 30 ppm, 60 ppm, 90 ppm, 120 ppm, and 150 ppm, and carried out three times replications. The results showed that the IC50 value in the Dayak onion extract solution was 227,19 ppm (very low), while for the SNEDDS solution for the Dayak onion extract the IC50 value obtained was 38,97 ppm (very strong). The analysis was carried out next using an independent T-Test to obtain the results. There was no significant difference between the extract solution and the SNEDDS solution of Dayak onion extract.

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Chemical characterization of ethanolic extract of Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea)

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(4).744 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 127-134

Author(s):

T.N.M. Tuan Putra ◽

M.K. Zainol ◽

N.S. MohdIsa ◽

N. MohdMaidin

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Light Exposure ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Clitoria Ternatea ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Butterfly Pea

Clitoria ternatea, commonly known as Butterfly pea flower or Bunga telang, is a tropical flower and notable as one of the most vital sources of polyphenols with high antioxidant capacity. C. ternatea abundantly produces anthocyanin compounds benefiting natural blue colourants. To date, a blue colourant is the most difficult to obtain since the anthocyanins responsible for this colour is the least stable and easily degraded after extraction. Their stability commonly relies on several operational parameters, such as shifted pH value, high temperature, and light exposure. Apart from colour attributes, anthocyanins have also been identified as a source of functional molecules due to antioxidant activity and beneficial health effects such as anti-cancer, anti-obesity, antimicrobial and more. This study aimed to characterize the chemical constituents of the extractable polyphenols from ethanolic extract of C. ternatea quantitatively. The numerical data were evaluated using the Minitab version 18 statistical method. The chemical profiling, including total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) were determined using standard methods. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS methods. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of C. ternatea had 35.7 mg QE/g of TFC, 102.4 mg GAE/g280nm and 28.8 mg GAE/g750nm of TPC and 2.7 CE/g and 2.9 ME/g of TMA. The total phenolic content of C. ternatea showed a good correlation with the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method when analysed using Pearson correlation and showed an increasing trend of antioxidant power with regards to TPC in both assays. In a nutshell, this study contributes to the knowledge of ethanolic extract of C. ternatea. Future research could consider exploring other extraction methods that could enhance the stability of polyphenols particularly the anthocyanins from degradation such as using surfactants.

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Edible Coating Based on Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Mucilage Applied to Soursop Fruits in Postharvest Storage

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2020/4326840 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Miguel Angel De los Santos-Santos ◽

Rosendo Balois-Morales ◽

José Orlando Jiménez-Zurita ◽

Irán Alia-Tejacal ◽

Graciela Guadalupe López-Guzmán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Economic Value ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

High Concentration ◽

Dpph Method

The soursop fruit (Annona muricata L.) is a crop of significant economic value for Nayarit, which is characterized by having a bittersweet taste, making it attractive to the consumer. However, the soursop has rapid maturation which causes a short shelf life. Several postharvest management techniques have been applied to reduce its metabolic processes, such as refrigeration, use of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), and controlled and modified atmospheres. In recent years, polysaccharide-based coatings have been applied to fruits. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to evaluate the physicochemical and biochemical changes, as well as the antioxidant activity of soursop fruits with a mucilage-based coating (2%), stored at 22°C and 15°C with a 90% RH. Weight loss, firmness, color, soluble solids, acidity, pH, phenols, flavonoids, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results obtained in the coated fruits stored at 15°C showed lower weight loss (6.4%), lower firmness (29.7 N), higher TSS concentration (10.4°Bx), and lower acidity (0.38%) compared with the uncoated fruits. The total phenolic content decreased in coated fruits stored at 22°C (54.3 mg EGA/100 g FW). The highest antioxidant activity (DPPH method) was recorded in fruits coated and stored at 15°C with an average value of 257.9 mg EAA/100 g FW. Moreover, a high concentration of vitamin C was observed in fruits coated and stored at 15°C and 22°C (20.5 and 17.5 mg EAA/100 g FW), concluding that the coating based on roselle mucilage (2%) in combination with a temperature of 15°C prevents weight loss, decreases titratable acidity, and increases the content of phenols and vitamin C. Furthermore, an increase in the shelf life up to eight days and in the antioxidant activity at the maturity of consumption was observed in the fruits coated with 2% roselle mucilage stored at 15°C.

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Antioxidant activity and analgesic assessment of Lansium domesticum stem bark infusion

Nusantara Bioscience ◽

10.13057/nusbiosci/n100201 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 71-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PRATIWI APRIDAMAYANTI ◽

INARAH FAJRIATY ◽

ETNI HATITA

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Writhing Test ◽

Activity Test ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lansium Domesticum ◽

One Way Anova

Apridamayanti P, Fajriaty I, Etni Hatita E. 2018. Antioxidant activity and analgesic assessment of Lansium domesticum stem bark infusion. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 71-75. Langsat (Lansium domesticum Correa) is empirically used as a medicine for fever and pain. This study intended to determine the effectiveness of stem bark infusion of langsat as an antioxidant and analgesic. Antioxidant activity test was performed by DPPH method (2,2 Diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazil), with infusion at concentration of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm. Absorbance of the sample was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The analgesic test was performed on male Swiss mice by Writhing test using acetic acid 0.6%, CMC-Na induced negative control, Paracetamol 65 mg/kg BW induced positive control, dose I (65 mg/kg BW), dose II (130 mg/kg BW) and dose III (195 mg/kg BW). Data was analyzed using One Way ANOVA in SPSS and the percentage of writhing protection at each dose was calculated. The results of phytochemical metabolites screening of stem bark infusion showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids/steroids, tannins, phenols and saponins. Antioxidant activity measured by spectrophotometric measurements showed that the antioxidant activity of stem bark infusion was IC50 2820 μg/ml. The percentage of writhing protection on dose I, II, and III was 57.52%, 42.48% and 24.51% respectively, showing a significant difference with negative control at minute 5, 10 and 15 (P <0, 05). There were no significant differences between positive control and dose I, at minute 30 to minute 60 (P> 0,05). The effective dose of stem bark infusion was obtained as an analgesic at dose of 65 mg/kg BW from 30 to 60 minutes.

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Kandungan Antioksidan Daun Mahang Damar (Macaranga triloba (Bl.) Muell Arg.)

Jurnal Surya Medika ◽

10.33084/jsm.v3i2.110 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 122-131

Author(s):

Pienyani Rosawanti ◽

Dewi Sari Mulia ◽

Syahrida Dian Ardhany

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Economic Value ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Flavonoid Compound ◽

Test Results ◽

Average Value ◽

Dpph Method ◽

VARIABILITY FOR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN THE U.S. COWPEA [Vigna unguiculata (L) WALP.] CORE COLLECTION

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.3.881d ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 881d-881

Author(s):

M.N. Nzaramba ◽

Douglas C. Scheuring ◽

J. Creighton Miller

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Core Collection ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

The Core ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Seed Coats ◽

The U.S

Antioxidants are important to human health, as they are responsible for reduced risk of diseases such as cancer, hence motivating researchers to examine crop plants for available antioxidant compounds. There is also increasing interest in the use of antioxidants from plants instead of synthetic products. In order to evaluate variability of antioxidant activity (AOA) in cowpea, 697 cowpea accessions from the U.S. Cowpea Core Collection obtained from the Regional Plant Introduction Station, Griffin, Ga., were analyzed for AOA expressed as μg trolox equivalents/gdw. Two grams of dry seed from each accession were ground, extracted in methanol and analyzed for AOA using the free radical, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), method. A large variation in AOA within the core collection, ranging from 1859 μg·g–1 dw (PI 180355, pigmented seed coat) to 42.6 μg·g–1 dw (PI 583100, cream seed coat), was observed. A least significant difference of 131.5 (p =0.05) was obtained. Higher AOA was manifested by accessions with pigmented seed coats. Accessions that were speckled, striped or had a pigmented eye were moderate in AOA, while the cream types were generally low. Variability in AOA observed among cowpea accessions suggests that breeding for high AOA can be successfully conducted. Accessions with high AOA could also be used to extract antioxidants for industrial purposes. Some accessions were a mixture of various colors and patterns, making it difficult to classify them into a particular category. Therefore, there is need to ensure purity of these accessions by ascertaining whether the mixtures are physical, i.e., combination of different varieties, or are composed of segregating material.

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Kajian Pengaruh Pelarut Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Alga Coklat Genus Sargassum dengan Metode Dpph

Journal of Holistics and Health Science ◽

10.35473/jhhs.v3i2.80 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 201-213

Author(s):

Ni Putu Yunika Candra Riskiana ◽

Rissa Laila Vifta

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Brown Algae ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Journal Review ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Effect Of Solvent ◽

Dpph Method

Brown algae of the genus Sargassum contain phenolic, chlorophyll and carotenoid compounds that function as the most effective antioxidants. The withdrawal of active compounds from natural ingredients is influenced by the nature of the polarity of a solvent. This study aims to examine the effect of solvent variations on antioxidant activity and secondary metabolites in the genus sargassum using the DPPH method. : This research was conducted using a journal review method using secondary data The solvents used were ethanol and methanol (polar), ethyl acetate (semi polar) and n-hexane (non polar). Antioxidant activity Sargassum in ethyl acetate solvent, namely IC50 = 68.89 mg/L, methanol = 69.27 mg/L, ethanol = 239.51 mg/L and n-hexane = 148 ,16 mg/L. The content of secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity is phenolic compounds of 1,348.18 mg GAE/g, chlorophyll of 2.84 mg/g and carotenoids of 2.69 mol/g. The solvent variation has an influence on the antioxidant activity. ABSTRAK Alga coklat genus Sargassum mengandung senyawa fenolik, klorofil dan karotenoid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan yang paling efektif. Penarikan senyawa aktif dari bahan alam dipengaruhi oleh sifat kepolaran suatu pelarut. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi pelarut terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada genus (Sargassum) dengan metode DPPH. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode review jurnal menggunakan data sekunder. Pelarut yang digunakan yaitu etanol dan metanol (polar), etil asetat (semi polar) dan n-heksan (non polar). Aktivitas antioksidan (Sargassum) pada pelarut etil asetat yaitu IC50 = 68,89 mg/L, methanol = 69,27 mg/L, etanol = 239,51 mg/L dan n-heksan = 148,16 mg/L. Kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan adalah senyawa fenolik sebesar 1.348,18 ± 2.57 mg GAE/g, klorofil sebesar 2,84 mg/g dan karotenoid sebesar 2,69 µmol/g. Variasi pelarut memberikan pengaruh terhadap aktivitas antioksidan.

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