scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF RESILIENCE OF THE PERSONALITY TO DIFFICULT LIFE SITUATIONS IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
N. I. Dunaeva ◽  
H. E. Serebrovsky ◽  
P. A. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Psychological Structure ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction: in article the problem of psychology of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations, identifications of the factors contributing to the development of resilience of the personality is discussed. Today in psychological literature there is still a lack of researches of resilience of the personality, the factors, such as the external and internal ones, the factors influencing the development of person’s resilience are insufficiently studied. An important point in understanding of formation of mechanisms of resilience of the personality is studying of a role of the educational environment as a factor of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations. In this regard it becomes necessary to generalize the saved-up material in works of the Russian and foreign researchers on a problem of influence of the educational environment as a factor of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations. The results of foreign researchers on the problem of studying of influence of specially organized safe educational environment on the resilience of the personality to difficult life situations are presented in the article. Materials and methods: the article is an analytical review where the attempt of systematization of scientific psychological knowledge of a problem of psychology of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations is made. The main method of studying of resilience of the personality to negative life situations in the conditions of the educational environment is the method of the theoretical analysis of scientific psychological foreign and domestic sources. Subjective approach is the methodological basis for studying of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations. Results of a research: consideration of theoretical provisions of resilience of the personality and empirical researches of foreign authors of influence of the educational environment on the resilience of the personality to difficult life situations in the context of researches of psychology of safety, subject approach, the intra-resources and Inter resources helping to cope with a difficult situation. The authors offer a definition of resilience of the personality in the course of exiting from difficult life situations. The scientific proof of the importance of formation of safe, subjective and positive educational environment when developing resilience of the personality to difficult life situations is consistently provided. Discussion and conclusions: the conclusion about undoubted relevance of the questions connected with a research of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations and existence of foreign psychological researches on this issue is proved. Taking into consideration the results of scarce psychological research carried out by domestic and foreign authors the need for further studying of psychological structure of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations and also factors and conditions of its formation is proved. At the same time the significance and the importance of formation of safe, subject and positive educational environment in development of resilience of the personality to difficult life situations is emphasized.

scholarly journals Information and analytical review of tax revenues from import operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
A. Khomutenko ◽  
V. Khomutenko ◽  
V. Drachenko
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Investment Goods

The importance of tax regulation of foreign economic activity is analyzed in this paper. The dynamics and structure of tax revenues to the State Budget of Ukraine are analyzed as well. Comparative analysis of VAT revenues from goods (works, services) produced in Ukraine and imported into its customs territory is carried out. The relationship between imports and VAT receipts of and excise duty on imported goods is determined. The dynamics and structure of excise duty revenues and import duties are investigated. The factors influencing the change of indicators of tax revenues from import operations are determined. Fiscal efficiency and taxes elasticity coefficient levied on imports are calculated. The regulatory role of special duties types (compensatory, special, anti-dumping), which are collected in order to protect the national producer and consumer is proved. Monitoring of additional customs receipts is carried out as a result of customs value correction by customs authorities. The preconditions and factors influencing the change in the volume of taxes on import transactions are identified. The necessity of improving the mechanism of collecting taxes on import operations is substantiated. It is proposed to reduce VAT rates, which depend on goods saturation in domestic market. Proposal to introduce the reduction factor to the duty rates used in order to stimulate critical and socially significant imports, as well as to investment goods imported into the customs territory of Ukraine is put forward. It seems that the tax policy in terms of import operations should be aimed at ensuring the rational commodity and geographical structure of imports, promoting domestic products competitiveness strengthening and protection domestic market and domestic producers. It is proposed to improve the mechanism of tax administration, which primarily involves focusing on working with dishonest taxpayers, exposing tax evasion schemes, providing appropriate tax collection services to honest taxpayers.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF PRODUCTION PROBLEMS IN SPECIALIZED SCHOOL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smagulov E. Zh. ◽  
Mendigaliyeva G. Kh. ◽  
Smagulov B. E.
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Specialized School ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Production Problems

The article discusses the main directions of the development of the educational environment and the role of mathematical modeling of production problems in a specialized school. The key issue of the modernization of education is described - this is improving its quality, bringing it in line with international standards. The emphasis is not on the knowledge gained, but rather on the process of applying this knowledge. The definition of the concept of pedagogical technology is given - this is information technology, since the basis of the technological process of training is the receipt and transformation of information.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES OF PEDAGOGICAL MARK

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
E. N. Volkova ◽  
A. V. Miklyaeva ◽  
S. A. Bezgodova
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychological Knowledge

Introduction: the paper discusses the psychology of pedagogical mark problem, which has become very relevant in recent years. There is a growing public opinion that school grades should be abolished. It is obvious that such discussions periodically arise in the history of education for several centuries. However, the argument of the expediency of the abolition of the grades is insufficient, fragmented, contradictory and reinforced by the judgments is not scientific, but home plan with appeals to the psychological research of different levels. In this regard, it becomes necessary to create a scientific discourse on this problem in order to prevent pseudo-scientific speculation in solving social issues.Materials and methods: the paper is an analytical review in which an attempt is made to systematize scientific psychological knowledge on the psychological problem of pedagogical assessment and mark. The main method of studying the psychological context of pedagogical assessment and mark is the method of theoretical analysis of scientific psychological sources.Results: the consideration of theoretical positions and empirical research in the context of discussing the psychological problem of pedagogical marks and evaluation takes place in the perspective of research of emotional states of the pupil, school anxiety, school motivation, educational motivation, socio-psychological climate of the school class, self-esteem of the student, the relationship between the teacher and the pupil, parent-child relations. Consistently provides the scientific arguments refuting the opinion about the negative impact of teacher selection and evaluation in the above individual and social aspects of the system of relations of the student in the process of educational activity.Discussion and Conclusions: the conclusion about inexpediency of school marks cancellation is proved. On the basis of the results of psychological research proves the need for pedagogical assessment and mark provided its objectivity and clarity as an effective way of feedback to the pupil and his social environment on the effectiveness of his educational activities.

scholarly journals MENTAL DEVELOPMENT: PROBLEMS OF PERIODIZATION IN THE VIEWS OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC THEORISTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Korokhod Ya.D.
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Purpose of the article is the analysis of the conceptual positions of the representatives of psychological science within the concept of “mental development” and definition of the periodization of mental development in the views of domestic and foreign representatives. Research methods. Analysis and synthesis, systematization of scientific sources, comparison and generalization.Results. It is determined that mental development covers various fields of human existence, including such as: psychophysiological, cognitive and psychosocial ones. It is characterized by features that are expressed in irreversibility, direction and regularity.It is considered the S. Hall's theory of recapitulation, which is based on the biogenetic law in the article. Taking into account the contribution of S. Hall to the development of psychological knowledge, E. Hutchison lays the extraction of food by man as a criterion in the basis of mental development. It is determined the role of ethical and moral ideas in the views of L. Kohlberg and the connection with the periodization of human development.It was taken into account the role of psychological orientations of a human in his life and their role at each stage of mental development of the individual through the theory of psychosocial development of E. Erickson. It is determined the place of intelligence in human development and its connection with the development of the human psyche in the views of J. Piaget. It is characterized the views of S. Khudoyan views in the periodization of human development, where in his research he relied on the functional significance of biological, social and psychological neoformations.Conclusions. According to the results of theoretical analysis, it is established that a mental development is influenced by both external and internal factors, or biological and social. Periodization of its development was devised by scientists and theorists in accordance with the driving forces, which in their opinion were decisive. It was identified the areas according to which theories of periodization of mental development were devised: biogenetic, sociogenetic and mixed.Key words: psyche, mental development, subjective and objective factors, age, crisis periods. Мета. Метою статті є аналіз концептуальних положень представників психологічної науки в рамках поняття «психічний розвиток» та визначення проблематики періодизації психічного розвитку в поглядах вітчизняних та зарубіжних представників. Методи. Аналіз та синтез, систематизація наукових джерел, порівняння та узагальнення.Результати. Визначено, що психічний розвиток охоплює собою різні сфери людського буття, вклю-чаючи психофізіологічну, когнітивну та психосоціальну сфери. Для нього характерні особливості, які виражаються в незворотності, спрямованості та закономірності.У статті розглянуто теорію рекапітуляцій С. Холла, в основі якої лежить біогенетичний закон. Беручи до уваги вклад С. Холла в розвиток психологічного знання, Е. Гетчисон в основу психічного розвитку закладає добування їжі людиною як критерій. Визначено роль етичних та моральних уявлень у поглядах Л. Колберга та зв’язок із періодизацією розвитку людини. Проаналізовано наявність кризових періодів у періодизації психологічного розвитку особистості в поглядах Л. Виготського та В. Слободчикова.Було взято до уваги роль психологічних орієнтирів людини в її житті та їх роль на кожному етапі психічного розвитку особистості через теорію психосоціального розвитку Е. Еріксона. Визначено місце інтелекту в розвитку особистості та зв’язок його з розвитком психіки в поглядах Ж. Піаже. Охарактеризовано погляди С. Худояна в періодизації розвитку людини, де у своїх дослідженнях він спирався на функціональне значення біологічних, соціальних та психологічних новоутворень.Висновки. За результатами теоретичного аналізу встановлено, що психічний розвиток зазнає впливу як зовнішніх, так і внутрішніх чинників, або ж біологічних і соціальних. Періодизація психічного розвитку розроблялась науковцями та теоретиками відповідно до рушійних сил, які, на їхню думку, були визначальними. Були виділені напрями, згідно з якими розроблялись теорії періодизації психічного розвитку: біогенетичний, соціогенетичний та змішаний. Подальші перспективи дослідження будуть розширювати ґрунтовність вивчення означеної проблеми.Ключові слова: психіка, психічний розвиток, суб’єктивні та об’єктивні чинники, вік, кризові періоди.

scholarly journals The Role of Social Commerce in the Development of Small Business in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-356
Author(s):  
M. Simakina
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Internet Marketing ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Social Commerce ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of

The article examines the features of marketing activities of Russian small enterprises. Special attention is paid to the use of low-budget and Internet marketing tools by small businesses, as well as the role of small businesses in the development of the e-economy. Among the many e-commerce tools, a tool called “social commerce” stands out. The definition of this phenomenon is given, the conditions and principles of its implementation, the factors influencing its development are described. On the example of Russian small enterprises, the features of the use of social commerce in modern conditions are determined.

Process of Effective Management by a Socially- Psychological Climate in Organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Burenina
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Efficient Work

The article is devoted to the study of the process of effective management of the socio-psychological climate in the organization. The author notes that the socio-psychological climate is an indicator of the level of development of the workforce, capable of more efficient work. The aim of the study is to study the factors that ensure a favorable socio-psychological climate in the workforce using modern research methods: analysis, synthesis, grouping methods, tabular; systematization of factors affecting the process of effective management of the socio-psychological climate in the team. The methodological basis of the study was the theoretical provisions for determining the definition of the socio-psychological climate of the team, an analytical review of practical studies of the factors influencing it in modern market conditions. As a result of the study, a systematization of factors affecting the creation of a favorable socio-psychological climate in the team was carried out.

Cats on the Couch: The Experimental Production of Animal Neurosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Winter
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
World War ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Second World

ArgumentIn the 1940s–50s, one of the most central questions in psychological research related to the nature of neurosis. In the final years of the Second World War and the following decade, neurosis became one of the most prominent psychiatric disorders, afflicting a high proportion of military casualties and veterans. The condition became central to the concerns of several psychological fields, from psychoanalysis to Pavlovian psychology. This paper reconstructs the efforts of Chicago psychiatrist Jules Masserman to study neurosis in the laboratory during the 1940s and 1950s. Masserman used Pavlovian techniques in a bid to subject this central psychoanalytic subject to disciplined scientific experimentation. More generally, his project was an effort to bolster the legitimacy of psychoanalysis as a human science by articulating a convergence of psychoanalytic categories across multiple species. Masserman sought to orchestrate a convergence of psychological knowledge between fields that were often taken to be irreconcilable. A central focus of this paper is the role of moving images in this project, not only as a means of recording experimental data but also as a rhetorical device. The paper argues that for Masserman film played an important role in enabling scientific observers (and then subsequent viewers) to see agency and emotion in the animals they observed.

scholarly journals Individual resistance to difficulties during distance learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Dunaeva ◽  
P. A. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Analytical Review

Introduction. The pandemic situation, the rapid transition to distance learning forms - all this was a serious test for participants in the educational environment. Panic, fear for health and life, as well as fear of social threat, when the previous structures of interaction with the outside world began to be violated accompanied people. This situation can be described as difficult, extreme, taking beyond the normal human experience that affected the whole world, humanity. It can also be defined as a situation related to social entropy (uncertainty), since it is characterized by novelty, contradiction and complexity. We are currently experiencing uncertainty in all spheres of life. External life circumstances, new challenges in terms of self-isolation, distance - destroyed the usual picture of the human world. A person is also forced to overcome "personal" uncertainty, while experiencing a dissonant state in the cognitive, emotional, motivational - value spheres. The uncertainty of the situation is also related to unpredictability, to the inability to predict development, as well as to uncontrollability, that is, the ability to manage the development of events. It should be noted that in the educational environment there is the same uncertainty, difficulties and fears that are currently experienced not only by the adult population, i.e. parents of students and teachers, but also by students. In our view, overcoming the difficult and uncertain situation of pandemic and conscious adoption of distance learning forms will be related to the peculiarity of the development of personal qualities of the younger generation, among which resistance will be most relevant to the possibilities of positive overcoming.Materials and Methods. The article should be an analytical review, where an attempt was made to systematize scientific psychological and pedagogical knowledge on the problem of difficulties and restrictions in various structural components of the educational environment and find resources to overcome the uncertain, difficult situation associated with the consequences of the pandemic and the introduction of distance learning. The main method of studying this problem is the theoretical analysis of information in the works of domestic and foreign authors, which presents theoretical and empirical studies on the introduction, opportunities and risks of distance learning forms, as well as attitudes to it.Results. Problems related to introduction of remote forms of education in structural components of educational environment are considered and analyzed; there are presented models of distance learning, allowing to ensure appropriate quality of trainees training. The results of a survey of students of various faculties of Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky regarding difficulties and attitude to distance learning format during the period of self-isolation are given.Discussion and Conclusions. The conclusion is based on the need for further theoretical analysis and synthesis of available scientific research on the implementation, opportunities and risks of remote forms of training. Based on the results of a few psychological studies of domestic and foreign authors, it is proved necessary to further study the problem of the influence of remote forms of education on the personality of students, as well as the finding of factors, resources, mechanisms that contribute to the informed adoption and choice of adequate forms and strategies of behavior by participants in the educational process. The importance of finding the personal and environmental resources of a person when emerging from difficult, uncertain situations related to the digitalization of training is justified.

scholarly journals The Role of the Adaptive Abilities of students in the Process of Interaction with the Educational Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
M. V. Grigoryeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Dynamic System ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adaptive Abilities

In article necessity of research and development of adaptive abilities of school leavers. Expands the content of the concept of «adaptive capacity». Give differentiated definition of adaptive capacity, human potential and adaptation abilities of the individual. Expands the role of adaptive abilities of students in their interaction with the educational environment. Adaptive capacity are characterized as quality, contributing to the effective functioning of a dynamic system of the individual interactions with the environment.

scholarly journals NON-VIOLENCE PSYCHOLOGY: PROBLEMS OF RESEARCHES AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
Vladimir G. Maralov ◽  
Vyacheslav A. Sitarov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Current State ◽  
Special Programs ◽  
Independent Direction ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Methodological Problems

Introduction. The relevance of a research is caused by the importance of studying of a non-violence as capabilities of the person to solve vital problems without use of unreasonable coercion. The purpose of the article consists in the analytical review of the current state of a non-violence psychology, its problem field and prospects of development. Materials and Methods. As the main method the structural comparative analysis assuming allocation of structural components of non-violence psychology, comparison of achievements in foreign and domestic psychology is used. Results. The structure of non-violence psychology including non-violence methodology as universal value, characteristic of a subject of non-violence psychology, diagnostic tools of researches is described. Special attention is paid to the problem field of researches in non-violence psychology, to psychological factors and conditions of forming of capability to nonviolent interaction at different age stages of person development. The comparative analysis of achievements in foreign and in domestic non-violence psychology is carried out. Discussion and Conclusion. It is shown that non-violence psychology was created so far as the independent direction in modern psychology which subject is nonviolent interaction of the person with the world, other people and with itself. The circle of unresolved problems caused by insufficient number of empirical researches is designated. The main directions of researches in domestic non-violence psychology are defined. Here they are: development of theoretical-methodological problems of a non-violence; creation of adequate diagnostic tools; identification of factors and conditions of forming of a position of a non-violence at people; research of a role of social environment, training and education in development of capability to nonviolent interaction; creation of special programs for training in nonviolent interaction and their introduction in practice. The materials presented in the article can be useful to the researchers dealing with a problem of a non-violence and also practicians as reference points to development of specific forms and methods of work with people.

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