GENDER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH LEVEL OF TEACHERS OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF PRE-RETIREMENT AND RETIREMENT AGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Belyaeva ◽  
◽  
N.I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
L.A. Davydenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Male Teachers ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Professional Health ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Medical University

Abstract: Today, the older generation is the fastest growing population in the world. At the same time, older people represent a significant labor resource. With the increase in the retirement age, the question of developing measures to preserve and strengthen the professional health of workers is becoming acute. Objective of the study: to assess the gender characteristics of the level of health and the prevalence of behavioral risk factors for the lifestyle of teachers of a medical university of pre-retirement and retirement age in order to develop measures to preserve the working capacity and professional qualifications of this contingent of workers. The study involved 169 teachers of a medical university aged 55-70 years. A complex of anthropometric measurements, blood pressure assessment was carried out. With the help of the author's questionnaire, behavioral health risk factors were studied. The assessment of the incidence rate was carried out based on the results of periodic medical examination of employees. Significant differences were revealed in most indicators of morpho-functional status, representing the risk of developing diseases of the cardiovascular system in male teachers compared with female teachers. Male teachers are characterized by a high prevalence of behavioral risks and a low degree of implementation of the principles of a healthy lifestyle, which generally determines an increased risk of chronic non-communicable diseases. Analysis of the gender characteristics of chronic pathology showed that at the time of the medical examination, more chronic diseases were revealed among women. Among men, deviations in laboratory tests were significantly more often detected and at the same time they did not go to doctors with symptoms that were associated with these changes, in contrast to women who undergo the necessary therapy prescribed by a doctor.

scholarly journals Venous Thrombosis: The Role of Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Hematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frits R. Rosendaal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Antithrombin Deficiency ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Environment And Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Subsequent Identification

Abstract Over the last decade we have witnessed an avalanche of newly identified risk factors for venous thrombosis. This has advanced our knowledge of its etiology, because more determinants have been described and because the underlying concepts have received a new and broader understanding. Venous thrombosis is a common multicausal disease occurring as the result of interacting genetic, environmental and behavioral risk factors. Some of these have been known since medieval times, such as the increased risk of thrombosis during immobilization in pregnancy and after childbirth (although retained milk of the breast-feeding mother was seen as the primary cause for the latter). Pregnancy and puerperium still cause thrombosis, as do exogenous hormones in oral contraceptives and hormonal replacement therapy. Furthermore, the immobilization in the puerperium of the old days translates directly to situations of immobilization in current times, such as prolonged travel in airplanes or excessive electronic gaming. While pedigrees with abundant thrombosis were observed in the early 1900s, the first cause of heritable thrombophilia (antithrombin deficiency) was discovered in 1965, with the subsequent identification of deficiencies of protein C and protein S in the early 1980s. These were uncommon and strong risk factors, whereas the more recently discovered genetic variants are common and weak, and cause disease only in the presence of other factors.

scholarly journals Association between Self-Reported Eating Rate, Energy Intake, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pey Sze Teo ◽  
Rob M. van Dam ◽  
Clare Whitton ◽  
Linda Wei Lin Tan ◽  
Ciarán G. Forde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk

Eating faster is associated with greater body mass index (BMI), but less is known about the relationships between eating rate, energy intake, body composition, and cardio-metabolic risk factors in different Asian ethnic groups. Using data from the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort (n = 7011; 21–75 y), we investigated associations between self-reported eating rate (SRER), with energy intake, body composition, blood pressure, and blood lipids. SRER and lifestyle was assessed using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Multivariable models were used to examine the associations of SRER with energy intake, body composition, blood pressure, and blood lipids after adjusting for covariates. General and abdominal overweight were defined as BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 and waist circumference >90 cm (men) and > 80 cm (women), respectively. On average, faster eaters (vs. slower eaters) consumed 105 kcal/day more (p = 0.034), had ~5 kg higher body weight (p < 0.001), 1.3 kg/m2 higher BMI (p < 0.001), and 3.1 cm larger waist-circumference (p < 0.001). Faster eaters had significantly higher blood pressure, circulating triglycerides, and total-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio than slower eaters. Faster eaters were twice as likely to develop general (multivariable-OR: 2.2; 95% CI, 1.8–2.6; p < 0.001), and abdominal (OR: 1.8; 95% CI, 1.5–2.2; p < 0.001) overweight than slower eaters. This association was observed across all subgroups by age, sex, and ethnicity. Findings suggest that SRER is a robust behavioral marker for increased risk of higher energy intake, obesity, and poor cardio-metabolic health, and a modifiable behavioral risk-factor for obesity prevention.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeongra Yang ◽  
Eileen R. Chasens ◽  
Susan M. Sereika ◽  
Lora E. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the presence of diabetes in a large population-level dataset. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a population-based survey (n = 403,137) conducted in the United States. Results The majority of the respondents were middle-aged and overweight. Approximately half of the sample reported little or no physical activity. Estimates from a logistic regression model for a weighted sample of white, black, and Hispanic adults revealed that having hypertension or elevated cholesterol was a strong predictor of diabetes even when controlling for age, gender, race, education, income, body mass index, smoking status, and physical activity. Conclusions The results confirmed the importance of diabetes educators counseling patients with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia about their increased risk for developing diabetes.

The Interleukin-1 Polymorphism, Smoking, and the Risk of Periodontal Disease in the Population-based SHIP Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Meisel ◽  
A. Siegemund ◽  
R. Grimm ◽  
F.H. Herrmann ◽  
U. John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Increased Risk

Several studies have shown a role for interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms in the risk assessment for periodontal diseases. In the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), 3148 subjects were randomly selected from the population and assessed for a broad range of diseases and environmental/behavioral risk factors. From the complete study group in the age 40 to 60 years, N = 1085 subjects were genotyped for the interleukin-1 genotype composite polymorphism in relation to periodontal parameters. The study objective was to elucidate the gene-environment interaction between the risk factors smoking and IL-1 polymorphism. An increased risk of periodontal disease was found for IL-1 genotype-positive smokers: odds ratio adjusted for age, sex, education, and plaque OR = 2.50 (95% C.I. 1.21 to 5.13; p = 0.013). This was not the case with subjects who never smoked: OR = 1.09 (0.73-1.62; p = 0.676). These results support the hypothesis of gene-environmental interaction in periodontitis.

Interaction of Apolipoprotein E Genotypes, Lifestyle Factors and Future Risk of Dementia-Related Mortality: The Cohort of Norway (CONOR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Heine Strand ◽  
Tor Atle Rosness ◽  
Knut Engedal ◽  
Per Magnus ◽  
Astrid Liv Mina Bergem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Genotypes ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Apoe Genotypes ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Related Mortality

Background/Aims: Our aims were two-fold: firstly, to investigate the association and interaction between apolipoprotein E (ApoE), lifestyle risk factors and dementia-related mortality and, secondly, to examine if using dementia-related mortality yielded comparable risk estimates for the ApoE genotypes as reported in studies using a clinical dementia diagnosis as the end point. Methods: We used a nested case-control study with 561 cases drawn from dementia deaths in the Cohort of Norway (CONOR) and 584 alive controls. Results: ApoE ε4 carriers were at increased risk of dementia-related mortality compared to noncarriers [odds ratio (OR) 2.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.93-3.13], and ε4 homozygotes were at particularly high risk (OR 7.86, 95% CI 3.80-13.8), while the ε2 type was associated with a lower risk. The highest risk of dementia-related mortality was found among ε4 carriers with more lifestyle risk factors (ε4 carriers who were smokers, hypertensive, physically inactive and diabetics) versus ε4 noncarriers without lifestyle risk factors (OR 15.4, 95% CI 4.37-52.4). The increased risk was additive, not multiplicative. Conclusions: Ensuring a healthy lifestyle is important to be able to prevent dementia in populations at large, but especially for ε4 carriers. Using dementia mortality gives comparable results for the ApoE-dementia association as studies using clinical dementia diagnoses.

scholarly journals Effective Model of Public Health Formation

2018 ◽  
pp. 411-414
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Capital Development

The article considers the demographic and epidemiological grounds for evolutionary transition from the economics of medical care to the public health economics; the methodology for the formation of an effective strategy of public health promotion in Russia; the modern concepts of the economy of public health; and data, calculated on this basis, such as the Human Capital Development Index, Human Development Index and the ratings of the Russian Federation in these international indices. The analysis of models of public health and the most important factors, determining the health of population (lifestyle, heredity, ecology, medicine) were presented. Also, the most significant risk factors of mortality of the Russian Federation population were considered, among which the behavioral risk factors, associated with the way of life of population, were defined. On this basis, the strategy for reduction of behavioral risk factors and for promotion of healthy lifestyle of population was formulated. The analysis of the features of State Program of the Russian Federation "Health Development" for 2013-2020, and the new program, having the same name, was carried out. These programs are connected with the development of prevention and the formation of healthy lifestyle of population (HLS) in the country. In addition, the regional targeted programs for the prevention of diseases, the formation of healthy lifestyle, and their social results were studied. The effectiveness of a comprehensive intersectoral approach to the formation of healthy lifestyle of population in the regions of Russia in modern conditions was substantiated.

scholarly journals Malaria risk factors in northern Namibia: The importance of occupation, age and mobility in characterizing high-risk populations

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252690
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Smith ◽  
Davis Mumbengegwi ◽  
Erastus Haindongo ◽  
Carmen Cueto ◽  
Kathryn W. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

In areas of low and unstable transmission, malaria cases occur in populations with lower access to malaria services and interventions, and in groups with specific malaria risk exposures often away from the household. In support of the Namibian National Vector Borne Disease Program’s drive to better target interventions based upon risk, we implemented a health facility-based case control study aimed to identify risk factors for symptomatic malaria in Zambezi Region, northern Namibia. A total of 770 febrile individuals reporting to 6 health facilities and testing positive by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) between February 2015 and April 2016 were recruited as cases; 641 febrile individuals testing negative by RDT at the same health facilities through June 2016 were recruited as controls. Data on socio-demographics, housing construction, overnight travel, use of malaria prevention and outdoor behaviors at night were collected through interview and recorded on a tablet-based questionnaire. Remotely-sensed environmental data were extracted for geo-located village residence locations. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify risk factors and latent class analyses (LCA) used to identify and characterize high-risk subgroups. The majority of participants (87% of cases and 69% of controls) were recruited during the 2016 transmission season, an outbreak year in Southern Africa. After adjustment, cases were more likely to be cattle herders (Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 4.46 95%CI 1.05–18.96), members of the police or other security personnel (aOR: 4.60 95%CI: 1.16–18.16), and pensioners/unemployed persons (aOR: 2.25 95%CI 1.24–4.08), compared to agricultural workers (most common category). Children (aOR 2.28 95%CI 1.13–4.59) and self-identified students were at higher risk of malaria (aOR: 4.32 95%CI 2.31–8.10). Other actionable risk factors for malaria included housing and behavioral characteristics, including traditional home construction and sleeping in an open structure (versus modern structure: aOR: 2.01 95%CI 1.45–2.79 and aOR: 4.76 95%CI: 2.14–10.57); cross border travel in the prior 30 days (aOR: 10.55 95%CI 2.94–37.84); and outdoor agricultural work at night (aOR: 2.09 95%CI 1.12–3.87). Malaria preventive activities were all protective and included personal use of an insecticide treated net (ITN) (aOR: 0.61 95%CI 0.42–0.87), adequate household ITN coverage (aOR: 0.63 95%CI 0.42–0.94), and household indoor residual spraying (IRS) in the past year (versus never sprayed: (aOR: 0.63 95%CI 0.44–0.90). A number of environmental factors were associated with increased risk of malaria, including lower temperatures, higher rainfall and increased vegetation for the 30 days prior to diagnosis and residing more than 5 minutes from a health facility. LCA identified six classes of cases, with class membership strongly correlated with occupation, age and select behavioral risk factors. Use of ITNs and IRS coverage was similarly low across classes. For malaria elimination these high-risk groups will need targeted and tailored intervention strategies, for example, by implementing alternative delivery methods of interventions through schools and worksites, as well as the use of specific interventions that address outdoor transmission.

scholarly journals The analysis of the medical university students’ health condition and lifestyle

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
OLGA KHURS ◽  
IGOR NAUMOV
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Students ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Scale Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Medical University

Introduction: Significant psychophysiological burdens and unhealthy lifestyle constitute the risk factors leading to students’ health deterioration.Purpose: The purpose of the research was the analysis of students’ health condition and lifestyle in medical university.Material and methods: The objects of the research were 100 third year students of the Faculties of General Medicine and Pediatrics of Grodno State Medical University. For the study of students’ orientation on healthy lifestyle, a special scale-type questionnaire was developed and used.Results: According to the respondents’ opinions it has been detected that the basic factors influencing the state of health are the lifestyle and the living conditions. The students activity is evaluated as very low as well as their rational nutrition. The majority of them smoke and drink alcohol.Conclusions: The peculiarities of studying at a medical university accompanied by imbalanced nutrition might lead to the deterioration of health in the students which are doctors to be. The results ought to lead to the optimization of prophylaxis programs and entire alteration of the students’ lifestyles.

Influence of production and behavioral risk factors on health disorders in employees of locomotive crews

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 694-700
Author(s):  
Elena A. Zhidkova ◽  
Ekaterina M. Gutor ◽  
Mikhail F. Vilk ◽  
Vera B. Pankova ◽  
Gennadij G. Onishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Health Disorders

Preserving the working longevity of locomotive crew employees is one of the priority tasks of Russian Railways. The urgency of the problem is related to both the medical aspects of railway traffic safety and the importance of preserving human capital. The aim of study is to research the influence of occupational and behavioral risk factors on health disorders in drivers and their assistants. The study included the results of a survey of 9308 employees of locomotive crews on the presence of production and behavioral risk factors for health disorders, as well as on the presence of cases of temporary disability, hospitalization or unscheduled medical care in the previous year. Additionally, the results of clinical and laboratory studies were studied. Noise exposure is the main production factor affecting the unscheduled attendance of locomotive crew employees to the doctor, the number of cases of temporary disability and hospitalization. Only 13% of respondents have a high level of commitment to a healthy lifestyle. Among employees who are not exposed to industrial noise, the number of people who have a high commitment to a healthy lifestyle is 2 times higher than among those who complain about the presence of an acoustic factor. The main differences in adherence to a healthy lifestyle between people who have and do not have complaints about the negative impact of the sound factor are related to alcohol abuse (1.4 times more often used by people working in conditions of noise exposure), frequent use of semi-finished products and fatty foods (1.2 times more often). Among people exposed to industrial noise, a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m2 is 1.5 times more common than in people who do not have noise exposure. The frequency of occurrence of blood pressure is more than 130/80 mm Hg. and blood cholesterol more than 5 mmol/l, respectively, is 1.9 and 2.2 times higher in individuals with intra-cab acoustic load, compared with those without. An increase in the number of cases of temporary disability, hospitalization, and unscheduled visits to a doctor in people who report exposure to noise in the driver's cab may be associated with both occupational and behavioral factors: alcohol consumption, poor nutrition, and a high proportion of people with a BMI exceeding 25 kg/m2.

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