scholarly journals Zmiany w procedurach podatkowych i uprawnieniach organów podatkowych – ich znaczenie w kontekście uszczelniania systemu podatkowego w Polsce w latach 2015–2019

Studia BAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (64) ◽  
pp. 9-27
Author(s):  
Magdalena Janiszewska

One of the effects of globalization is the intensification of tax avoidance which leads to the erosion of tax bases in many tax jurisdictions. Not surprisingly, one of the main objectives of governmental policies is to tighten (seal) their tax systems. This can be illustrated by the changes to the tax procedures and powers of tax authorities introduced in Poland. The aim of the article is to examine to what extent these changes have impacted the tax gap. The author analyzed the relevant literature, legal provisions and empirical data. The results demonstrate that the changes in question deserve approval and they could impact the tax gap. However, they do not fully solve the problems resulting from the former legal solutions and it is not entirely clear whether the higher revenues to the state budget result from the activities of tax authorities or whether they are primarily driven by economic growth and the growth in prosperity. The constantly growing gap in foreign CIT also calls for further action.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 4-19
Author(s):  
Akmal Baltayevich Allakuliev ◽  

The article examines the interaction of the country's GDP with the state budget in the short and long term, the impact of the macro-fiscal mechanism on the country's economic growth on the example of Uzbekistan.The aim of the study is to identify dynamic correlations between the country's state budget expenditures and the economic growth of the macro-fiscal mechanism in the short and long term, as well as to analyze the approximation or rate of return of GDP and the state budget to equilibrium during various macroeconomic shocks. and hesitation.The scientific novelties of the research are:


2020 ◽  
pp. 177-192
Author(s):  
Richard S Collier

This chapter examines how the cum-ex transaction has been assessed to date before arguing that those assessments reflect a limited understanding of the real complexity and wider causes and implications of schemes such as the cum-ex trade. The reaction to cum-ex in the media and in political circles has focused on the scale of financial loss to the state and on the culpability of the individuals involved. This response to cum-ex involves relatively little focus on the nature of the transaction itself or how it came about. However, this chapter raises wider questions as to what transactions like cum-ex tell us about the nature of banks and inter-bank market activities, and what they reveal about tax systems. The chapter also explains what is meant by talking of bank ‘misconduct’, and considers the problematic distinction between tax avoidance and tax evasion.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Anatolii Kulish ◽  
Volodymyr Chumak ◽  
Roman Chernysh ◽  
Oleksandr Khan ◽  
Roman Havrik

The article deals with an important and relevant issue – measures to combat smuggling and corruption during customs clearance of commercial goods in Ukraine. The authors analyze the scientific doctrine regarding the nature and level of influence of smuggling and corruption on the state budget and the level of economic growth in Ukraine. It has been found out that scientists who choose different definitions and forms were unanimous about the negative nature and level of harmful influence of these phenomena on the economy of Ukraine. Various methods were used in the article: dogmatic, formal legal, and system-structural. It is proposed to analyze the main measures necessary to overcome smuggling and corruption in the customs clearance of commercial goods in Ukraine. First, the implementation of the principle of transparency in the activities of customs during the customs clearance of commercial goods. Second, updating the qualification requirements for positions in this service and the procedure for competitive selection. Third, criminalizing the smuggling of commercial goods. Fourth, establishing coordination of law enforcement and regulatory agencies of Ukraine with the relevant authorities of neighboring countries. Fifth, expanding the powers of the State Customs Service of Ukraine to investigate the smuggling of commercial goods. It is concluded that it is necessary and important to develop and introduce specific, rather than declarative, measures to counteract smuggling and corruption in the customs clearance of commercial goods in Ukraine.


Author(s):  
Nguyen Kim Phuoc

The objective of the study is to find out factors affecting the economic growth (GDP) of the 13 provinces/cities in the Mekong Delta. The study used secondary data from Statistical Yearbook of Statistical Office of 13 provinces cities in the Mekong Delta in the period of 2005-2014 . The study included 12 independent variables which impact on the ability of the local GDP method, which has turned "economic crisis" to a dummy variable. With technical analysis panel regression, regression of GDP variables is made by macro factors and local characteristics. This study has found that the elements of economic crisis had a stronger impact and adverse effects on GDP. In addition, factors such as the state capital, private investment in the country, the situation of balancing the state budget revenues and expenditures, the open economy, inflation, and the total workforce retail sales also affect GDP. In particular, most of the variables are affected in the same way except two variables GDP which is inflation and balance of payment of the state budget (mixed impacts). From the research findings, some recommendations are proposed to promote economic growth of the Mekong Delta.


Studia BAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (64) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Tomasz Nowak

This paper investigates the effects of legal solutions introduced to the VAT system in Poland in 2015–2019 to prevent VAT fraud, primarily carousel fraud, which caused the so-called tax gap. The article begins with chron­ological presentation of these solutions. In the second part the author formulates the criteria of certainty of business transactions in relation to VAT and on this basis he analyses the presented solutions. Next, he considers the costs incurred by the VAT payer to meet the obligations or requirements established by the introduced regulations. In the final section the effectiveness of the introduced solutions from the point of view of the state budget revenues from VAT is assessed.


Author(s):  
Serhii Sobchuk

Relevance of the research topic. Socio-economic development, which is the main task and simultaneously an instrument for ensuring the effective functioning of the country and increasing the well-being of its population, is directly dependent on the effectiveness of fiscal policy. The choice of forms, methods and models of budget regulation allows to achieve the achieved results by allocation and redistributing the gross domestic product according to the priorities of ensuring economic growth. However, at the present stage, the danger of destructive influence on the budget system of endogenous and exogenous factors of influence increases. Thus, the analysis and characterization of the main approaches to the formation of the state budget security and determination of its increase the directions in the conditions of the country's transformation fiscal system and the limited financial resources are relevant. Formulation of the problem. Budgetary security as a component of the country's financial and economic security reflects the ability to effectively use financial resources accumulated in centralized and decentralized funds to ensure the country's financial stability, opportunities for expanded reproduction and social development. That is why it is expedient to determine the main threats to budget security, the degree of their impact on economic dynamics and possible options for their minimization. Analysis of recent research and publications. The work of foreign scientists is devoted to the study of the formation and assessment of the country's budget security: S. Blancart, J. Buchanan, J. Golden, R. Kelly, A. Rotfeld, A. Pigou, R. Dornbusch, J. Stiglitz, A. Hansen and others. Theoretical and practical contribution to the assessment of the budget regulation role of the socio-economic development and ensuring a sufficient level of its budgetary security of domestic scientists was made by O. Vasilik, V. Geyts, V. Gorbulin, A. Gritsenko, L. Lysyak, I. Lukyanenko, V. Oparin, S. Pirozhkov, V. Fedosov, I. Chugunov, S. Yuri and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Highlighting issues become relevant in the face of increasing integration processes and financial globalization. It is important to develop the institutional framework for budget security, the expansion the system factors and indicators that characterize it, in accordance with international requirements and standards. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The task of the study is to analyze the budget security characteristics. The aim of the study is to reveal the methodological and practical provisions of the formation Ukraine budget security in the context of the institutional modernization of the economy and to determine the directions of its increase by means of fiscal regulation. Method or methodology for conducting research. The article uses a set of methods and approaches of scientific knowledge, among which it is worth noting: systemic, structural, comparative, statistical, analysis and synthesis, synthesis and scientific abstraction. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The features of the formation of the country's budget security are determined. The main indicators of the functioning of the budget system of Ukraine are characterized and the degree of their influence on the level of budget security and socio-economic development is determined. The directions of increasing budget security in the context of institutional modernization of the economy are substantiated. The field of application of results. Organization and conduct of research on the formation and improvement of the budget security. Conclusions according to the article. The country's budget security is one of the main indicators of the level of development of the financial system. Providing long-term sustainability of public finances, balancing social and economic development is a priority task of state authorities. The main indicators of Ukraine's budget security show that there are destabilizing factors, but effective budget regulation will minimize their negative impact on the pace of economic growth. It is advisable to increase the level of budgetary discipline, improve medium-term budget planning and forecasting, form an effective strategy for managing public debt and budget deficit.


Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Thùy Minh ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Thùy Dương

<p>In recent years, Vietnam has achieved high economic growth rate so inflation has become a noticeable problem. The relationship between state budget deficit and inflation is a two-way dialectical relationship. However, within the limit of this article, the author only studies one-way relationship, the effect of budget deficit on inflation rate in Vietnam. Prolonged budget deficit and the remediation of the state budget deficit by different methods have affected the inflation rate on different degrees. This effect is analyzed by many approaches, both quantitative and qualitative, and includes five approaches: impact of fiscal policy inflation, impact of the state budget deficit level on inflation, impact of budget deficit funding on inflation, independence of monetary policy and its effect on inflation, effect of public expenditure on inflation.</p>


2019 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Ihor Honak

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the features of mutual influence of expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget on national defence, youth and sports on the gross domestic product of Ukraine in the conditions of aggravation of economic rivalry in the global economy. Methodology of research. The following methods are used during the research: generalization of information and literature sources – to formulate proposals on the progressive development of the Ukrainian economy and quality of its labour resources, on the cohesion of the society and its psychological and physical health through the implementation of expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget for national defence and youth and sports; regression and correlation analysis – to analyse the mutual impact of GDP and expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget on national defence, youth and sports. Findings. Methods for educating young people are proposed in order to provide an educated and physically healthy workforce for the national economy and defence and security. The influence of arms exports and military equipment on the economy of Ukraine is analysed. The need to carry out some reforms of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in order to increase the country's defence capability and ensure economic prosperity is substantiated. The correlation between the growth of gross domestic product and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine through the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Youth and Sports, which is linear, is established. Suggestions are made to reform other specific aspects of the state mechanism in order to increase the country's defence capability and ensure the following economic growth. Originality. The article provides suggestions for reforming youth policy and the national defence sphere to ensure economic growth and strengthen the country's defence capability. Correlation between the growth of gross domestic product and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine through the Ministry of Defence has been established (increase of expenditures on the Ministry of Defence by 1 billion hryvnias has a direct impact on GDP growth in the amount of 29.884 billion hryvnias) and the Ministry of Youth and Sports (growth spending on the Ministry of Youth and Sports by UAH 1 million influences GDP growth by UAH 1.045 billion), which is close. Practical value. The practical significance of the obtained results is the possibility of studying the mutual influence of the expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget, spent on national defence, youth and sports, on the gross domestic product of Ukraine in the conditions of aggravation of economic rivalry in the global economy. Key words: national security; arms and military equipment exports; military-patriotic education of youth; reform; economic growth; unemployment; employment; gross domestic product.


Author(s):  
Hoang Xuan Hoa ◽  
Trinh Mai Van

In Vietnam, there are currently more than 40 State off-budget funds (off-budget funds) operating. These are special financial institutions owned by the government that are not part of the State budget and that established by the State to mobilize additional resources from the society to facilitate the determined tasks. In recent years, off-budget funds have made important contributions to ensuring social goals, attracting investment from domestic and foreign sources and providing additional revenue to the State budget to support economic growth and social development. However, according to many assessments, the tasks of managing, monitoring and evaluating off-budget funds are still inadequate. Moreover, because the policy framework for off-budget funds are still imperfect, these funds could not meet the expected efficiency level. There are issues relating to the “self-controlling” spending problems, lack of unified framework and mechanisms governing different types of off-budget funds, and the unique charter of each fund. These issues have been causing the problems of overlapping objectives, tasks, revenue and expenditure activities of off-budget funds with the State budget. In some cases, off-budget funds are even relying on the annual state budget that fragmenting the State’s resources. This paper presents an overview of the current situation and governing policies of the off-budget funds in Vietnam, as well as analyzes some limitations and shortcomings of such funds and makes suggestions for solutions to govern and manage off-budget funds efficiency expecting by the Party and the government.


Author(s):  
Chu Tien Minh

The increasingly broad participation in world economic organizations provides Vietnam with many opportunities to attract foreign investors. However, Vietnam faces a situation where many foreign investors would take advantage of the gaps in the Government’s tax incentive policies to avoid taxes. This has caused many losses and serious state budget deficit. Not only does the state lose a large amount of money which businesses have an obligation to pay, but it also creates a bad precedent, unfairness in tax for businesses. In this article, the author will analyze and assess the state of affairs of the Government’s preferential tax policies and the tax avoidance in the form of transfer pricing in Vietnam by foreign investors. Following after are recommendations to complete the tax incentive policies and prevent tax avoidance in the form of transfer pricing of foreign investors.


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