scholarly journals Effect of Combined Paracetamol and Dexamethasone on Pain and Postoperative Nausea Vomiting

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Dian Ayu ◽  
Apita Sekar Widowati ◽  
Mohamad Riza

Background : Pain and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) are surgical side effects. Pain management can use opioids and non-opioids. Opioids have side effects such as nausea, vomiting, pruritus, somnolence, and respiratory depression, so other alternatives are needed to reduce pain. Paracetamol is an analgesic while dexamethasone is antiinflammatory and anti-emetic. This study was to determine whether the combination of paracetamol and dexamethasone was more effective in dealing with pain and PONV after cesarean section than paracetamol.Materials and Methods : This was an experimental study employing post-test only control group design, using two study groups. Group PD (combined paracetamol and dexamethasone) was treated using dexamethasone 8 mg and paracetamol 1 gram intravenously, while the group P (paracetamol) was treated using paracetamol 1 gram intravenously. Data of Pain and PONV were collected using the Wong Baker Faces Scale, Numeric Rating Scale, and a frequency table for PONV at the 4th, 6th, 12th, and 24th hours of postoperative administration. The data were analyzed using Mann Whitney test.Results : The results of this study found that the multimodal administration of combined paracetamol and dexamethasone was better in reducing the pain compared to administration of a paracetamol at 4th, 6th, 12th, and 24thhours of post cesarean section(p <0.05). Multimodal administration of combined paracetamol and dexamethasone was better reduced the incidence of PONV compared tothat of paracetamol at the 4thhour of post cesarean section(p <0.05). The multimodal use of combined paracetamol and dexamethasone had resulted fewer use of opioid and anti-emetic frequencies compared to that of paracetamol.Conclusion : The combined paracetamol and dexamethasone was more effective to reduce pain and PONV in samples with post cesarean section.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 03 July’20 Page : 184-188

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 580-587
Author(s):  
Shinta Novelia ◽  
Milla Evelianti Saputri ◽  
Ficky Adi Putri Sinkawati

Pain is the most common adverse effects in the early postoperative period. Routine pharmacologic Methods may impair the recovery of patients for their sedative and emetic effects. Therefore, patients’ relaxation is necessary for a successful post-operative pain managements and it is among the interventions addressed to improve physiologic response. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of zikr meditation on post-operative pain among post cesarean section women. This is a quasy experimental research with control group pre-test post-test. A total of 30 muslim post cesarean section women were included in the study.  Medical information form, Numeric Rating Scale, and Interument Guideline are used to collect the data. The results show that there is a significant difference of pain between experiment and control group (p= .012), there is a significant difference of pain before and after intervention in the experiment group (p=  .00).


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
Tina Mawardika ◽  
Wacidatum Mutohharoh

Nyeri haid merupakan nyeri di daerah panggul akibat menstruasi dan produksi zat prostaglandin yang membuat dinding rahim berkontraksi. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi nyeri yaitu dengan Massage Effleurage. Massage effleurage dapat menstimulasi serabut di kulit yang akan membuat nyaman, menurunkan rasa nyeri haid karena sentuhan dan nyeri yang di rangsang bersama sensasi sentuhan berjalan ke otak dan meningkatkan hormone endhorpin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh massage effleurage terhadap intensitas nyeri haid. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasy eksperiment dengan rancangan non randomized pretest-post test with control group design. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling, jumlah populasi 126 siswi dan sampel 36 responden. Instrument penelitiannya berupa numeric rating scale dan lembar self report. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistic Independent t-test dan Dependent t-test. Hasil penelitian melalui uji statistik independent t-test didapatkan nilai p-value (0,001) < α (0,05) yang artinya ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara massage effleurage terhadap intensitas nyeri haid   Kata kunci: massage effleurage, nyeri haid THE EFFECT OF MASSAGE EFFLEURAGE ON THE BACK FOR PERIOD MENSTRUAITION PAIN   ABSTRACT Period pain is pelvis pain area because of menstruation and prostaglandin subtances production. Prostaglandin used to make cervix contraction. One of the way for reduce the pain are massage effleurage. Massage effleurage can stimulated fiber on the scalp and make comfortable. Massage effleurage can reduce period pain because touch and pain stimulated with touch sensation going to brain and increase endhorpin hormone. Analyzing Massage Effleurage influence for period pain intensity. These research are using quasy experiment research design with non randomized pretest-post test with control group design. Taking sample by purposive sampling on 126 women students in total and 36 respondents for sample. Research instrument are numeric rating scale and self report paper form. Data analyze using statistic test : Independent t-test and Dependent t-test. Research result by statistic test independent t-test show p-value (0,0001 )< α (0,05) that mean there are a significant influence on massage effleurage in period pain intensity.   Keywords: massage effleurage, menstruation pain


Author(s):  
Aqliya Nursahidah ◽  
Shinta Novelia ◽  
Anni Suciawati

This study aims to find out the effect of aromatherapy lavender on labor pain,  Labor pain is a manifestation of cervical nerve compression. When there is pain, stress hormones cause the opening of the cervix is ​​inadequate, so that labor can increase in time. The way to deal with labor pain, which is one of them with non-pharmacological methods, aromatherapy lavender is known to contain linalool, the main active ingredient that plays a role in the relaxing effect to reduce pain and anxiety. This research using the quasi-experiment, with a post-test only control group design, with the first group or 15 respondent given lavender aromatherapy while the second group or 15 respondent was not given, the sample in this study were 30 respondents in the first phase of active labor. Labor pain assessment using a Numeric Rating scale. Statistical tests using the Mann Whitney test showed that the P value was 0.002<0.05, so it can be concluded that there was an effect of lavender aromatherapy on labor pain during the first of the active phase at the Afifah Clinic in Bandung Regency.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-646
Author(s):  
Rosvita Dewi Siregar ◽  
Nora Veri ◽  
Meliani Sukmadewi Harahap ◽  
Alchalidi Alchalidi ◽  
Nora Usrina

Background: Dysminorrhea will get worse if accompanied by an unstable psychological condition. One of the causes of dysmenorrhea is hormonal factors where there is a hormonal imbalance. Pain during menstruation occurs due to high levels of prostaglandin hormones that make the uterine muscles contract. In Indonesia, the incidence of type dysmenorrhea primary is about 54.89% while the rest sufferers with secondary dysmenorrhea. Non-pharmacological therapy for dysmenorrhea is highly recommended, one of which are dark chocolate and carrots.Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of the combination of dark chocholate and carrots in reducing the intensity of dysminorrhea.Methods: This type of research uses a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-post-test control group design with a sample of 28 respondents experiencing primary dysmenorrhea. Pain intensity was measured by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data collection was carried out during the pre-test, namely during menstruation in the first cycle and post-test data collection was carried out in the second cycle or after 30 days of treatment and assessed on the 31st day or the first menstruation in the following month. The statistical test used is Paired sample t-test.Results: The administration of dark chocholate, carrots and a combination of the two was able to reduce the intensity of primary dysminorrhea with a glossy p-value ≤ 0.05.Conclusion: Consumption of dark chocholate, carrots and a combination of both can reduce the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea. Suggestion for adolescents with primary dysmenorrhea to use non-pharmacologic therapy to reduce pain intensity such as carrots and dark chocholate in order to avoid the side effects of pharmacological drugs. Further research is needed in vitro on the mechanism of the combination of carrots and dark chocholate in reducing the intensity of dysmenorrhea Keywords : Dark Chocholate, Carrot, Dysminorea Intensity, adolescents ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Disminorea akan bertambah parah apabila disertai dengan kondisi psikis yang labil. Salah satu penyebab dismenorea adalah faktor hormonal dimana adanya ketidakseimbangan hormonal. Nyeri ketika menstruasi tersebut timbul akibat tingginya hormon prostaglandin yang membuat otot rahim berkontraksi. Di Indonesia angka kejadian dismenorea tipe primer adalah sekitar 54,89% sedangkan sisanya penderita dengan dismenorea sekunder. Terapi disminorea secara non farmakologi sangat diabjurkan salahs satunya adalah dark chocholate dan wortel.Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi dark chocholate dan wortel dalam menurunkan intensitas disminorea.Metode Penelitian : Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperiment dengan desain pretest- post test control group design dengan sampel adalah responden yang mengalami disminorea primer sebanyak 28 orang. Intensitas nyeri diukur dengan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Pengambilan data dilakukan pada saat pre-test yaitu saat haid pada siklus pertama dan pengambilan data post-test dilakukan pada siklus kedua atau saat setelah dilakukannya perlakuan selama 30 hari dan dinilai pada hari ke 31 atau pertama haid di bulan berikutnya. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Paired sample t-tes.Hasil Penelitian : Pemberian dark chocholate, wortel dan kombinasi keduanya mampu menurunkan intensitas disminorea primer dengan nilap p-value ≤ 0,05.Kesimpulan : Pemberian dark chocholate, wortel dan kombinasi keduanya mampu menurunkan intensitas disminorea primer.Sarankan pada remaja yang mengalami disminorea primer untuk menggunakan terapi non faramakologis untuk mengurangi intensitas nyeri seperti wortel dan dark chocholate agar terhindar dari efek samping obat-obatan farmakologi. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut secara in vitro tentang mekanisme kombinasi wortel dan dark chocholate dalam menurunkan intensitas disminorea. Kata Kunci : Dark Chocholate, Wortel, Intensitas Disminorea, Remaja Putri 


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Dewi Zolekhah ◽  
Nendhi Wahyuni Utami

Latar belakang: Nyeri menstruasi merupakan ketidaknyamanan pada saat menstruasi yang dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari. Banyak wanita yang menangani nyeri menstruasi  dengan cara  membeli kemudian mengkonsumsi  obat-obatan sendiri untuk mengurangi nyeri menstruasi yang bisa berdampak menjadi ketergantungan terhadap efek  obat penghilang nyeri.Tujuan:  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian coklat hitam dan jus wortel untuk mengatasi nyeri menstruasi.Metode: Rancangan dalam penelitian ini yaitu quasy eksperimen, dengan one group pre test and post test control group design dengan menggunakan lembar observasi skala pengukuran nyeri numeric rating scale (NRS) kemudian dilakukan uji normalitas dengan shapiro wilk test dan analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan mann whitney. Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Februari sampai Agustus 2020. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh mahasiswa prodi kebidanan yang mengalami nyeri mentruasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling dan sampel  berjumlah 30 responden yang terdiri dari 15 responden untuk kelompok intervensi dan 15 responden untuk kelompok kontrolHasil: Penelitian dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon didapatkan hasil p value 0.001 < 0.05 maka disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pemberian coklat hitam dan jus wortel terhadap nyeri menstruasi. Pada kelompok kontrol hasil p value 0.001 < 0.05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh pemberian cokelat hitam terhadap nyeri menstruasi.


MEDISAINS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Qurota A'yun ◽  
Mukhoirotin Mukhoirotin

Background: The dysmenorrhea prevalence is still reported high in the world. Several previous studies discovered that deep breathing relaxation effectively reduced dysmenorrhea. Other studies presented the combination of early mobilization and spiritual relaxation could reduce the level of client pain postoperative appendectomy, however the effectiveness of spiritual relaxation techniques to reduce dysmenorrhea is not yet tested.Objective: to determine the effect of spiritual relaxation to reduce dysmenorrhea.Method: The research design used was Quasi Experiment with the pretest-posttest Control Group Design approach. The populations were female students who experienced menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variable in this study was dysmenorrhea. The sampling technique was simple ramdom sampling consisted of 44 respondents. The calculation instrument was NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) and data were analyzed through statistical test of Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test.Results: After spiritual relaxation treatment, the intensity of menstrual pain reduced significantly from 6.05 - 1.77, it proved that there was an effect of spiritual relaxation on dysmenorrhea with a significant value (ρ) of 0.000 (p ≤ 0.05). There were significant differences in the intensity of menstrual pain in the intervention and control groups (1.77 ± 1,109 vs 5.63 ± 0.445; p> 0.05).Conclusion: Spiritual relaxation effectively reduces dysmenorrhea


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Yunita Liana

Young women often feel primary dysmenorrhoea because the hormonal cycles experienced are not stable, this can disrupt the concentration and activity of young women. The principle of back to nature is increasingly popular today, the side effects of chemical drugs can cause new problems, it is one of the driving force of the development of traditional medicine. Papaya leaves contain Vitamin E which can reduce dysmenorrhea. In addition, turmeric acids also contain curcumine and anthocyanins that inhibit cyclooxygenase, thereby reducing the occurrence of inflammation during uterine contractions. The aim of this research is to know the effectiveness of papaya leaf stew with acidic turmeric to primary dysmenorrhea. Type of Research is an experimental study with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design design. The sample is 30 people. The research was conducted on December 27, 2017 s.d February 24, 2018 at SMP Negeri 46 Palembang. Instrument to measure pain Numeric Rating Scale. The statistical test used by Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney U. Average score of pain before papaya leaves stem 5.40 ± 0.73 while the mean score of pain after given turmeric acid 5.33 ± 0.61 The mean score of pain after being given papaya leaves stew 3.60 ± 0.91 while the mean score of pain after given turmeric acid 4.06 ± 0.79. There was a difference of mean score of dysmenorrhea pain before and after given papaya leaf stem p value = 0.000. There is difference of mean score of dysmenorrhea pain before and after given turmeric acid p value = 0,002. There was no difference of mean score of dysmenorrhea pain before and after given papaya leaf sting and turmeric acid p value = 0,217. The decoction of papaya leaf and turmeric acid have the same effectiveness in reducing primary dysmenorrhea pain.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Astrid Astrid ◽  
Memed Sena Setiawan

Apendicitis adalah peradangan dari apendiks vermiformis yang menyebabkan usus berhenti mengeluarkan sisa makanan yang tidak diserap oleh tubuh sehingga dilakukan Apendictomy dimana terjadi nyeri akut pada level severe. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik relaksasi Guided Imagery Music terhadap intensitas nyeri post operasi apendicitis di ruang rawat inap bedah RSPAD Gatot Soebroto Ditkesad Jakarta. Desain penelitian menggunakan purposive sampling dengan rancangan random assignment pre test-post test with control group. Jumlah sampel adalah 36 orang (18 orang kelompok kontrol dan 18 orang kelompok intervensi). Nyeri diukur dengan menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) dan Faces Pain Scale Resived (FPSR). Uji statistik menggunakan uji T test independen. Hasil uji menunjukkan ada pengaruh teknik relaksasi Guided Imagery Music terhadap intensitas nyeri pada klien post operasi Apendicitis. Perbedaan rata-rata intensitas nyeri pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 1,55 dan pada kelompok intervensi sebesar 3,17. Variabel confounding telah dilakukan uji normalitas didapatkan hasil tidak ada hubungan usia, jenis kelamin, koping, individu pendukung, lingkungan, pengalaman nyeri sebelumnya terhadap intensitas nyeri, ini dikarenakan klien tidak mampu mengalihkan perhatian dari rasa nyeri yang hebat post operasi apendicitis, sehingga hasil statistik nya tidak perlu dilakukan transformasi. Teknik relaksasi Guided Imagery Music dapat digunakan sebagai intervensi mandiri keperawatan untuk mengurangi intensitas nyeri klien post operasi apendicitis. Kata Kunci: Guided Imagery Music, Klien Post Operasi Apendicitis, Intensitas Nyeri


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Gede Parta Kinandana ◽  
I Ketut Suyasa ◽  
Wahyuddin Wahyuddin ◽  
Putu Astawa ◽  
I Made Ady Wirawan ◽  
...  

Pendahuluan: Cervical radiculopathy merupakan suatu kondisi klinis dimana terjadinya kompresi pada akar saraf yang menyebabkan perubahan fisiologis pada jaringan saraf. Tujuan Penelitian: membuktikan upper limb neurodynamic bilateral lebih menurunkan nyeri, meningkatkan range of motion (ROM) cervical, dan ekstensi elbow pada penderita cervical radiculopathy jika dibandingkan dengan neurodynamic ipsilateral. Metode:  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan pre dan post-test control group design menggunakan 24 orang sampel yang dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok. Pada Kelompok 1 diberikan upper limb neurodynamic ipsilateral sedangkan Kelompok 2 diberikan intervensi upper limb neurodynamic bilateral. Intervensi diberikan sebanyak 12 kali. Pengukuran skor nyeri menggunakan numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) dan ROM cervical menggunakan goniometer dan tension nervus medianus diukur melalui ROM ekstensi elbow. Hasil: Perbedaan yang bermakna antara kedua kelompok didapatkan pada pengukuran skor nyeri dengan nilai p = 0,000 (p<0,05) pada pengukuran nyeri diam dan saat neurodynamic testing. Perbedaan yang bermakna juga ditemukan pada pengukuran ekstensi elbow dengan nilai p = 0,000 (p<0,05). Perbedaan yang tidak bermakna ditemukan pada pengukuran ROM cervical (ekstensi, rotasi, dan lateral fleksi ipsilateral) dengan nilai p = 0,377; 0,110; dan 0,342 secara berurutan (p > 0,05). Kesimpulan: upper limb neurodynamic bilateral lebih menurunkan skor nyeri dan menurunkan tension nervus medianus dibandingkan dengan upper limb neurodynamic ipsilateral dan tidak lebih meningkatkan ROM cervical pada penderita cervical radiculopathy.   Kata kunci: nyeri, ROM cervical, ROM ekstensi elbow, neurodynamic ipsilateral, neurodynamic bilateral, cervical radiculopathy


Author(s):  
Lutfatul Latifah ◽  
Dian Ramawati

Introduction: Every woman who undergo Sectio Caesaria (SC) surgery for delivery their babies often complain about pain after the surgery and it become very distrubing. The effect of the pain cause mobilisation limitation, interrupting bonding attachment between mother and child, and postponning breastfeeding inititation. This study conduct EFT or tapping as the pain management in women post SC surgery.The aim of this study is to identify the effect of EFT or tapping for reducing pain after SC surgery. Methods: Quasy experimental with pre-post non randomized control group design was used in this study. The data been colleted using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to measure the pain in participants before and after EFT or tapping treatment. The number of participants was 30 mothers with 15 women in control and treatment group respectively. The t-test was used to analize the effect of the EFT. Results: The mean of pain scale before treatment in control group was 5.20 dan 6.20 for the treatment group. The pain scale after treatment in control group was 5.00 and 4.27 in treatment group. There was a significant difference between the reducing pain scale in treatment group with p value = 0,000 (α = 0.05). Discussion: EFT or tapping can be one of many non farmacologic treatment as complementer therapy to reduce pain after SC surgery. Keywords: post SC pain, EFT, pain scale decline, non farmacologic therapy


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