scholarly journals YOUTH ADAPTATION TO THE LABOR MARKET CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
O. CHUB ◽  
◽  
A. ILYENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Youth Counseling ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the need to consider the issue of Ukrainian youth adaptation to the challenges on the labor market, which is under the influence of various crisis phenomena. They are related to the influence of both global and special internal factors. The aim of the study is to identify the impact of crisis phenomena on the youth adaptation to the labor market challenges. The object of research is the processes and factors influencing youth employment. The study of theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of the concepts such as “crisis” and “adaptation” revealed a direct connection between these phenomena, where the second imitates the first and affects the development of personality and the formation of new skills for transition. The analysis of the age population structure is carried out, which shows a low indicator in the category ”youth”. The dynamics of the level of youth employment in the periods of crisis fluctuations from 2007 to 2019 is demonstrated and negative trends are revealed. It is determined that due to the impact of crises, the labor market structure has suffered significant losses due to the decrease of the country population, aging of the nation, increased labor migration especially among young people, which leads to loss of labor country potential . Economic issues are the most acute for our state, and young people usually do not have enough experience and money savings to survive the period of trouble. Unemployed youth is a category with a high risk of social degradation, which is threatened by the development of marginal qualities, distortion of consciousness and civic views. Measures aimed at financial support for young people should be a priority, which should be targeted and provide additional employment guarantees. The fastest way is to develop and implement measures that will help young people adapt to the challenges of the organizational labor market. In this aspect, it is important to motivate and coordinate the cooperation of all social partners, which include employers, employment services, schools, higher education institutions and their career centers, NGOs, district education departments, and the authorities. An example is the Community of Employment Centers of leading Ukrainian universities from Kyiv, Kharkiv, Lviv, and Odessa, which was established in 2018 to share experiences of best and effective practices for promoting youth employment within our country. This collaboration has led to large-scale career activities for young people in all these cities, and during the pandemic, quickly find new options for cooperation with business, youth counseling and new career activities online. In order to mitigate the long-term effects of the coronary crisis on the youth labor market, a special program to support youth employment during the crisis should be considered. An example of such a comprehensive program, which can be taken as a model, is the EU program, which was established in 2013 and is aimed at young people aged 15 to 29. The terms of this program provide an opportunity to register young people who have completed the period of formal training and have not been employed for 4 months – for them the program offers employment opportunities, continuing education, internships, individual counseling and mentoring.

scholarly journals The Impact of Population Aging and Public Health Support on EU Labor Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirela Cristea ◽  
Gratiela Georgiana Noja ◽  
Petru Stefea ◽  
Adrian Lucian Sala
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Older People ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Impact

Population aging and public health expenditure mainly dedicated to older dependent persons present major challenges for the European Union (EU) Member States, with profound implications for their economies and labor markets. Sustainable economic development relies on a well-balanced workforce of young and older people. As this balance shifts in favor of older people, productivity tends to suffer, on the one hand, and the older group demands more from health services, on the other hand. These requisites tend to manifest differently within developed and developing EU countries. This research aimed to assess population aging impacts on labor market coordinates (employment rate, labor productivity), in the framework of several health dimensions (namely, health government expenditure, hospital services, healthy life years, perceived health) and other economic and social factors. The analytical approach consisted of applying structural equation models, Gaussian graphical models, and macroeconometric models (robust regression and panel corrected standard errors) to EU panel data for the years 1995–2017. The results show significant dissimilarities between developed and developing EU countries, suggesting the need for specific policies and strategies for the labor market integration of older people, jointly with public health expenditure, with implications for EU labor market performance.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEMS OF YOUTH EMPLOYMENT AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM: DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenia Bondarevskaya ◽  
◽  
Mariia Kalinina ◽  
Mariia Septa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
State Education

The article considers the main trends of youth employment in the labor market in modern realities. As a result of the study, a statistic alanalysis of economic and social indicators for young people in Ukraine and the relationship with world indicators was conducted. The main recommendations for an effective national policy on this issue were also made. The most important factors influencing youth employment are the state, education and labor market conditions. It is the balance of these factors that will solve the problem of youth employment. Among the main causes of youth unemployment are the following: the growth in the total number of unemployed; the bankruptcy of a significant part of public and private enterprises; the focus of industrial enterprises on self-preservation and survival, rather than the development and expansion of production; the lack of young people with sufficient experience, in connection with which they are finally hired in the presence of vacancies, and the first to reduce when production is reduced; insufficient development of career guidance work with young people in the senior classes of the school; the increase in the structure of labor supply of the share of persons who do not have professions (foreign citizens) and decrease in the prestige of working professions; weak interest of employers in advanced training and retraining of working professionals. The ways of effectively solving this issue are: reforming the education system, encouraging young people to find employment at the educational stage, and providing benefits to enterprises that employ young people. Attention should also be paid to student internships. The other possible way to overcome the problem is studying the experience of other countries. The problem of youth employment is becoming a challenge for the economies of many countries. It is common not only in Eastern Europe, but also in many developing countries. Young people are a vulnerable category of the workforce due to a large set of factors, including: incorrectly chosen specialty, lack of work experience, inflated demands of young people for the future workplace. If you do not pay enough attention to this problem, it can cause many negative consequences. It should be noted that the UN Sustainable Development Goals include the promotion of progressive, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all, including young people.

scholarly journals REGULATION OF THE YOUTH SEGMENT OF THE LABOR MARKET ON THE BASIS OF THE EIGHTH OBJECTIVE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITION OF INDUSTRY 4.0

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Olena Trofymenko ◽  
Lyudmila Bordanova ◽  
Anastasia Volodina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Turnover Ratio

The article is devoted to the study of the youth segment of the labor market on the basis of the eighth goal of sustainable development in Industry 4.0, analysis of the basic principles of functioning and regulation of the youth segment of the labor market - part of the labor market, which is a complex of socio-economic relations. in employment at the age of 14 to 35 years. The state and dynamics of the main indicators of the youth segment of the labor market are analyzed. It is determined that the number of young people aged 25-29 and 30-34 has decreased, which is a negative trend and may indicate migration processes and problems with youth employment in Ukraine. The decrease in the number of young people was proportional to the decrease in the total population of the country. In general, the number of 20-24-year-olds has recently decreased and in the category of 25-29 years, while the number of 30-34-year-olds has increased very slowly until 2018. The dynamics of the average number of full-time employees, the coefficients of labor turnover on hiring and firing are studied. It is determined that the admission rate increased from 2014 to 2017, from 2017 to 2019 there was a decrease in admission. Also, if we consider together the dynamics of the turnover ratio on dismissal and the turnover ratio on admission, we can conclude that there is a high turnover. At the same time, the average number of full-time employees was constantly declining, and in the period from 2015 to 2019 the decline was slow. The basic principles of labor market regulation at three levels of government - national, regional and local - were analyzed. The experience of leading countries in youth employment and factors that stimulate employment were studied. Based on the study, the main recommendations were identified.

The Effect of Private Customer-Manager Social Engagement Upon Online Booking Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 193896552097533
Author(s):  
Saram Han ◽  
Christopher K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Customer Manager ◽  
The Impact

Owing to the impact of third-party commissions upon hotel profitability, many hotel brands have actively engaged in book direct campaigns, but to date, no large-scale longitudinal effort has been conducted to systematically evaluate direct booking behavior (i.e., direct versus online travel agency [OTA]). In this study, we use three years of transactional data from a large hotel brand to evaluate booking channel choices. To address the dynamic nature of the longitudinal individual-level data, we use a hidden Markov model (HMM), allowing us to evaluate both short- and long-term effects. Using the HMM, we evaluate the latent loyalty status of customers through their observed online booking channel behavior (i.e., direct versus OTA). As a result, we find that customer–manager engagement through guest satisfaction surveys (and managerial responses to those surveys) has a long-term effect on consumer propensities to book direct, gradually increasing customer loyalty to the brand. Specifically, we find that positive customer feedback signals a greater willingness to book direct in subsequent purchases. Moreover, managerial responses to the satisfied customer result in greater tendency to remain loyal and book direct. Second, the membership program tier of the customer has a significant short-term effect on the consumer’s propensity to book direct. Low-loyalty customers’ direct booking tendency increases as soon as they join the membership program. These findings not only illustrate the impact of membership status upon channel choice but also indicate the effect of the customer’s voice and the resulting managerial response upon booking behaviors over time.

Young people, precarious work, and the development of youth employment policies in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyeoun Song
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Asset Bubble ◽  
The Government ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Policy Target

AbstractJapan's labor market has been under severe strain over the past few decades, driven by its protracted economic recession, a series of labor market reforms, and changing labor management practices. Confronting these new challenges, an increasing number of young people have had extreme difficulties in searching for decent and stable jobs in the labor market, trapped in the vicious cycle of precarious employment. This paper examines the deterioration of employment and labor market conditions for Japan's youth after the collapse of the asset bubble in the early 1990s and the government's policy efforts to address these concerns, especially since the early 2000s, a period during which it has initiated a wide array of youth employment and labor market policies. In particular, it analyzes variations in policy target group and goal across different measures and evaluates the effectiveness and limitations of these programs in dealing with youth problems in the labor market. This paper argues that while the government has promoted various policy tools to help young people become economically and socially independent individuals, it has gradually shifted its policy focus toward human capital development for growth and industrial competitiveness as a way of revitalizing Japan's troubling economy.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial of energetic activity for depression in young people (READY): a multi-site feasibility trial protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Howlett ◽  
L. Bottoms ◽  
A. Chater ◽  
A. B. Clark ◽  
T. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Prevalence of depression is increasing in young people, and there is a need to develop and evaluate behavioural interventions which may provide benefits equal to or greater than talking therapies or pharmacological alternatives. Exercise could be beneficial for young people living with depression, but robust, large-scale trials of effectiveness and the impact of exercise intensity are lacking. This study aims to test whether a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of an intervention targeting young people living with depression is feasible by determining whether it is possible to recruit and retain young people, develop and deliver the intervention as planned, and evaluate training and delivery. Methods The design is a three-arm cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial with embedded process evaluation. Participants will be help-seeking young people, aged 13–17 years experiencing mild to moderate low mood or depression, referred from three counties in England. The intervention will be delivered by registered exercise professionals, supported by mental health support workers, twice a week for 12 weeks. The three arms will be high-intensity exercise, low-intensity exercise, and a social activity control. All arms will receive a ‘healthy living’ behaviour change session prior to each exercise session and the two exercise groups are energy matched. The outcomes are referral, recruitment, and retention rates; attendance at exercise sessions; adherence to and ability to reach intensity during exercise sessions; proportions of missing data; adverse events, all measured at baseline, 3, and 6 months; resource use; and reach and representativeness. Discussion UK National Health Service (NHS) policy is to provide young people with advice about using exercise to help depression but there is no evidence-based exercise intervention to either complement or as an alternative to medication or talking therapies. UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines suggest that exercise can be an effective treatment, but the evidence base is relatively weak. This feasibility trial will provide evidence about whether it is feasible to recruit and retain young people to a full RCT to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an exercise intervention for depression. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN66452702. Registered 9 April 2020.

scholarly journals Problems of youth in the labor market in modern conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Tetyana Zbrytska ◽  
Vladislav Minin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Youth Labor Market ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Systematic Solution

The article investigates a modern state of youth employment in the labor market. The purpose of the article is to consider of youth segment in the labor market, to study the dynamics of youth employment in recent years and to develop proposals for improving the state of youth employment in Ukraine. Current trends in youth employment and unemployment in the labor market are analyzed. In the process of analysis, such methods of scientific research as analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization were used, which made it possible to ensure the validity of the study. Based on the results of youth employment issues analysis, the main problems faced by young people in finding a job (specific problems in the youth segment of the labor market) are determined, namely: imperfection of the legal framework that regulates labor relations; young people after graduation cannot put their skills and abilities into practice; imbalance in the professional and qualification structure of the labor supply, which does not correspond to the demand in the labor market; lack of professional experience among young people; gender inequality by sex and age; labor migration due to the non-competitiveness of wages in Ukraine compared to wages in Europe. For a systematic solution to the problems of youth labor market, it is necessary to improve the existing mechanism for increasing the level of youth employment, thereby a new impetus will appear for the development of the Ukrainian economy. The main directions of improving the state regulation of the youth segment of the labor market in Ukraine are proposed, namely: the creation of effective interaction between public employment agencies, business and education. An improvement and systemic implementation of the mechanism for increasing youth employment will reduce the outflow of labor force abroad and ensure the competitiveness of the national economy in the long term.

scholarly journals Scenario cognitive modeling of development trends of the complexity system “youth, labor market, quality of life”

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Galina Gorelova ◽  
Andrey Saak
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Market Quality ◽  
Youth Labor Market ◽  
Structured Problems ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Impact

Conducting research on the quality of life of young people and the impact on it of such a significant factor as the youth labor market, as well as related research on the problems of state support for young people, require the use of simulation methods due to the incompleteness of information and poorly structured problems of such complex systems as the quality of life of young people and the labor market. The article gives a brief overview of the categories “labor market”, “quality of life”, “youth”, which is necessary to determine the content of cognitive modeling of the complex system “youth, labor market, quality of life”. The technology of cognitive modeling is briefly presented. The results of the application of cognitive simulation modeling to the study of the quality of life of young people in relation to the labor market are presented. An example of modeling is presented in the form of a corresponding cognitive map and a number of scenarios for the possible development of situations on it, which may arise under the assumed influence of various social and economic factors, as well as under the influence of regulatory and control systems.

Zenon Wiśniewski: YOUTH IN THE GERMAN LABOR MARKET. EDUCATION, TRANSITION TO WORK, VOCATIONAL ACTIVATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 564 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-32
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Piątek
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Education System ◽  
Transition To Work ◽  
The Impact

The book means very much that the specification of the education system in Germany, taking into account all the roles of land, contains up-to-date information on the situation of young people on the German labor market, the impact of COVID-19 effects on the economy and the education system of our western neighbors.

DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL RISKS AND FEATURES OF THEIR MANIFESTATION IN THE LABOR MARKET DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radmila Pidlypna ◽  
◽  
Valeriia Smochko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Money Transfers ◽  
The Impact

Current article considers theoretical approaches to the consistency of the term "social risk", outlines their classification features. The impact on the labor market of quarantine restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic was investigated, the sequence of manifestation of social risks associated with a decrease in the level of economic activity was determined. Ukraine has been in conditions of economic and political instability since 2014, which was the result not only of a “hybrid war” from Russia (the main trading partner at that time), but also of chronic inefficiency of state and corporate governance. The 2020 pandemic only intensified the stagnation of the economy, with an annual GDP contraction of 4%. The labor market has undergone negative changes, basic social indicators have get worse − employment of the population and the level of unemployment; the number of labor migrants abroad has decreased and, accordingly, money transfers from abroad have reduced too; incomes of the population decreased due to a reduce of salary, partial or full loss of job,suspension ortermination of activities of individual entrepreneurs and selfemployed persons. The difference between the number of the active and inactive population is growing, which increases the social pressure on the employed population. Of the 15915.3 thousand employed persons, the number of insured persons was only 12823.5 thousand, while the number of retirees was 11131.0 thousand, that is, the coefficient of demographic dependence of the pension system in Ukraine is 0.87 (the number of retirees per one worker). Disbursement on social payment, excluding pensions, in Ukraine are 8-20 times less than in the closest European neighbors; despite the fact that the number of citizens living below the poverty line is 2-5 times higher than the indicators of neighboring countries. The consequence of the COVID-19 crisis was not only a drop in GDP, but also an increase in the state budget deficit to 5.3% of GDP in 2020 and to 5.5% of GDP in 2021. There is a growing risk that repeated waves of COVID-19 and unacceptably slow roll-out of vaccination will undermine optimistic forecasts for the domestic economy for the next decade.

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