scholarly journals Effect of Rhizobium on Growth and Biomass Production of Rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARM Solaiman ◽  
GMA Hossain ◽  
MAB Mia
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Soil Microbiology ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Glucose Agar ◽  
High Turbidity

To characterize twenty Rhizobium strains isolated from nodules of lentil, grasspea and chickpea, an experiment was conducted in the Soil Microbiology laboratory of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The isolates were tested for growth on Congo red Yeast Extract Mannitol (YEM) agar, peptone glucose agar, and YEM agar containing Bromothymol blue (BTB). All the strains except Ls 12 absorbed Congo red dye very weekly. Except Le 2 strains, isolated from lentil showed no growth in peptone glucose agar. All the strains isolated from grasspea and chickpea showed moderate growth on this   medium. All the strains were fast-growing and showed acidic reaction on YEM agar medium. Among the   strains isolated from lentil, Le 1, Le 2 and Le 4 produced moderate turbidity while Le 3, Le 6, Le 7 and Le 8   produced high turbidity in YEM broth. All the strains isolated from grasspea except Ls 3 and chickpea except   Ca 1 produced moderate turbidity in YEM broth medium. Strains Ls 3 and Ca 1 produced high turbidity. To   assess the effect of ten of these Rhizobium isolates viz. Le 1, Le 4, Le 6, Le 8, Ls 1, Ls 2, Ls 6, Ls 7, Ca 3 and Ca   4 on growth and biomass production of rice, a follow-up experiment was conducted in the same laboratory. Root length of rice was significantly increased over control (without inoculation) due to inoculation with different Rhizobium strains. The highest root length (9.63 cm) was obtained by inoculation with strain Ls 6   isolated from lentil. All the Rhizobium strains produced significantly higher shoot length, fresh and dry   biomass over control. The highest shoot length (16.50 cm), fresh biomass (138.3 mg) and dry biomass (27.75   mg) were also obtained from the strain Ls 6. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i2.11818 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 2, December 2011, pp 64-68    

Growth and Variabilty Studies in Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Provenances at Nursery Level

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Makrand Gujar ◽  
◽  
Jyothi K. Mandan ◽  
A. Vijayraghavana ◽  
K.T. Parthiban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Collar Diameter

Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) is a fast growing species recognized as a raw material for match wood industry, pulp wood, plywood industry. Seeds from thirty CPTs of Neolamarkia cadamba across the India were collected and evaluated in nursery for various growth and variability parameters. Significant variation was recorded for shoot length, root length, collar diameter, root shoot ratio, biomass production, sturdiness quotient, volume index and quality index among 30 genotypes. FCRIAC 6 (Pantnagar), have outperformed in seven growth parameters studied, followed by FCRIAC 11 (Chandrapur), FCRIAC 19 (Ragihosalli), FCRIAC 20 (Kodigehalli), FCRIAC 26 (Nashik) performing better in six growth parameters. Shoot length, biomass production and volume index registered high genetic estimates. Heritability was high for all the growth characters. PCV values were slightly higher for all the parameters compared to GCV. Collar diameter, shoot length and root length positively and significantly correlated with biomass, volume index, sturdiness quotient and quality index both genotypically and phenotypically. These results will assist in early selection of good performing and fast growing genotype for raising plantations as well as during further investigation in field trials.

Effect of rhizobium inoculation on juvenile growth ofProsopis cineraria (L.) Druce at nursery stage

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumari ◽  
K.K. Bardhwaj ◽  
S.S. Dhillon ◽  
K.S. Bangrawa ◽  
N.K. Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Large Genus

Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce is a large genus comprising of more than 44 species and found distributed throughout the arid and semiarid region of world. Differences on growth parameters of 20 different seeds sources of P. cineraria were assessed in polyethylene bags under nursery conditions at Hisar. These sources were inoculated with three Rhizobium strain viz., VRF-76, Ca-181 and Mf-23a. The seeds of P. cinerearia collected from different seed sources had considerable variation for different growth parameters. All the tested Rhizobium strains responded for different parameters but strains Ca-181 was found significantly superior for majority of parameters. It was followed by Rhizobium Mf-=23a. However the VRF-76 strain was least effective. The significantly highest collar diameter was recorded in seed source RWC inoculated with strain Ca-181. Maximum root length (47.3 cm) was recorded in strains Ca-181 inoculated seed source (NNV-3) whereas a significant reduced root length was recorded in VRf-76 inoculated seed sources. Seed sources NNV-2, MV-3 NNV-3 and RTG were found having higher mean root length. Inoculations with either of Rhizobium strains significantly increase the shoot length in comparison to control. Maximum shoot length was recorded in the seed source MV-3 inoculated with Rhizobium strain Ca-181. Seed sources NNV-2, MV-3, NNV-3CAZRI and RTG had higher mean shoot length. These seed sources had good compatibility with Rhizobium strain Ca-181 and Mf-23a.

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sohail Saddiq ◽  
Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Hafeez ◽  
Amir M. H. Ibrahim ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Improvement Programs

Salinity is a leading threat to crop growth throughout the world. Salt stress induces altered physiological processes and several inhibitory effects on the growth of cereals, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this study, we determined the effects of salinity on five spring and five winter wheat genotypes seedlings. We evaluated the salt stress on root and shoot growth attributes, i.e., root length (RL), shoot length (SL), the relative growth rate of root length (RGR-RL), and shoot length (RGR-SL). The ionic content of the leaves was also measured. Physiological traits were also assessed, including stomatal conductance (gs), chlorophyll content index (CCI), and light-adapted leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, i.e., the quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv′/Fm′) and instantaneous chlorophyll fluorescence (Ft). Physiological and growth performance under salt stress (0, 100, and 200 mol/L) were explored at the seedling stage. The analysis showed that spring wheat accumulated low Na+ and high K+ in leaf blades compared with winter wheat. Among the genotypes, Sakha 8, S-24, W4909, and W4910 performed better and had improved physiological attributes (gs, Fv′/Fm′, and Ft) and seedling growth traits (RL, SL, RGR-SL, and RGR-RL), which were strongly linked with proper Na+ and K+ discrimination in leaves and the CCI in leaves. The identified genotypes could represent valuable resources for genetic improvement programs to provide a greater understanding of plant tolerance to salt stress.

Isolation, identification and characterization of native plant growth promoting bacteria and their plant growth promotion in Zea mays

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Pitchaiah Pelapudi ◽  
Sasikala Ch ◽  
Swarnabala Ganti
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Shoot Weight

In the present rapid growing world, need for a sustainable agricultural practice which helps in meeting the adequate food demand is much needed. In this context, plant growth promoting bacteria were brought into the spot light by the researchers. Though the plant growth promoting bacteria have several beneficial applications, due to some of the disadvantages in the field conditions, they lagged behind. In the current research work, native PGPR were isolated from the rhizosphere soil samples of maize with an aim to isolate the nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilising and potash solubilising bacteria. Out of the several isolates, potent PGPR isolates viz., Paenibacillus durus PCPB067, Bacillus megaterium PCBMG041 and Paenibacillus glucanolyticus PCPG051 were isolated and identified by using the 16 S rRNA gene sequencing studies. Genomic DNA sequences obtained were deposited in the NCBI Genbank and accession numbers were assigned as MW793452, MW793456 and MW843633. In order to check the efficacy of the PGPR isolates, pot trials were conducted by taking maize as the host plant. Several parameters viz. shoot length, shoot weight, root length, root weight and weight of the seeds were tested in which PGP treatment showed good results (shoot length - 187±3.5 cm, shoot weight - 31±4 g, root length - 32±3.6 cm, root weight - 17±2 g, yield- 103.3±6.1 g) when compared to the chemical fertilizer treatment (shoot length - 177±3.5 cm, shoot weight - 25±3.6 g, root length - 24±3.5 cm, root weight - 14.6±1.52 g, yield- 85.6±7.6 g). Based on the results, it can be stated that these native PGPR isolates can be effectively used in the plant growth promotion of maize.

scholarly journals Comparison on biomass production of three fodder germplasms

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Kanak ◽  
MJ Khan ◽  
MR Debi ◽  
ZH Khandakar ◽  
MK Pikar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

The experiment was conducted to study the comparison on biomass production of fodder germplasm. Para (Brachiaria mutica Stapf.), German (Echinochloa crusgalli L.) and Dhal (Hymenachne pseudointerrupta C. Muell) grasses were cultivated in a completely randomized design (CRD). The whole area was divided into nine plots. The area of each unit plot was 6 m x 6 m. Number of cuttings were 16,000 /hectare where Plant to Plant distance was 16 cm and row and raw distance was 16 cm. Equal amount of organic and chemical fertilizer were applied in all cutting. The fodders were first harvested after 60 days of planting, second and third after successive 60 days of re-growth. The findings of the study showed that fresh biomass (p<0.01) and dry biomass yield (p<0.05) of three fodder germplasm differed significantly. Crude protein and organic matter yield were significant (p<0.01) only in the second cutting. German grass was showed significantly higher in CP and OM yield (p<0.01) at second cutting than other grasses. However, no significant effect on plant height was observed among three grasses. From the above findings it may be concluded that among the three fodder germplasm, German fodder showed best result in respect of biomass production. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15772 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 35-39

scholarly journals Growth of mango (Mangifera indica L.) rootstocks as influenced by pre-sowing treatments

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 582-586
Author(s):  
R. J. Patel ◽  
T. R. Ahlawat ◽  
A. I. Patel ◽  
J. J. Amarcholi ◽  
B. B. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Total Dry Weight

An experiment was carried out at Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during 2014 to evaluate the effect of pre-sowing treatments on survival percentage and growth of mango rootstocks. Mango stones were soaked in aqueous solutions of GA3 (100 and 200 ppm), Beejamruth (2 % and 3 %) and Thiourea (1 % and 2 %) for 12 and 24 hours. The trial was evaluated in Completely Randomized Design based on factorial concept and the treatments were replicated thrice. Imposition of treatments led to significant differences at 5 % level of significance for all parameters chosen in this study. Mango stones when treated with Thiourea at 1 % had the maximum shoot length (49.93 cm), root length (34.38 cm), shoot dry weight (21.08 g) and total dry weight (26.36 g). The highest number of lateral roots (10.90) and survival percentage (64.17) was observed in mango stones dipped in 100 ppm GA3. Between the two soaking duration, soaking mango stones for 24 hours recorded higher values for shoot length (45.03 cm), root length (32.79 cm), number of lateral roots (9.83), survival percentage (62.72), shoot root fresh weight ratio (4.30), shoot dry weight (21.33 g), total dry weight (26.28 g) and shoot root dry weight ratio (4.32). Thus, survival percentage and growth of mango rootstocks can be substantially improved by soaking mango stones in aqueous solutions of 100 ppm GA3 or Thiourea at 1 % for 24 hours before sowing.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Chachar ◽  
N. A. Chachar ◽  
Q.I. Chachar ◽  
S.M Mujtaba ◽  
G.A Chachar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Climate change is emerging phenomena and causing frequent drought which lead to scaricity of water, which ultimately nagetively affecting wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) yield all around the world. The aim of this study was to explore the potential deought tolerant wheat genotypes for candidate genes exploration. This study was conducted during the year 2014-2015 at Plant Physiology Division, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tandojam. The six wheat genotypes (cv. MT-1/13, MT-2/13, MT-3/13, MT-4/13 Chakwal-86 and Khirman) were investigated for their response at germination and seedling stage under different water stress treatments (0, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa) in controlled conditions. The results of experiments with reference to genotypes revealed that genotype Chakwal-86 shows maximum seed germination (82.58 %), while the genotype Khirman shows maximum shoot length  (7.23 cm), root length  (15.1 cm), shoot fresh wt. (5.85 g 10-1shoots), root fresh wt.  (3.45 g 10-1roots), shoot dry wt. (1.33 g 10-1shoots), root dry wt. (0.69 g 10-1roots). Among the genotypes tested Khirman and MT-4/13 are the tolerant genotypes had the potential to perform better under drought conditions, whereas  MT-4/13 and Chakwal-86 were moderate tolerant under water stress conditions. Moreover, the genotypes i.e. MT-1/13 and MT-2/13 are the sensitive genotypes under drought environment. It is concluded from present in-vitro studies that osmotic stress significantly reduced the seed germination shoot/root length fresh and dry weight in all six wheat genotypes. The maximum reduction was found at higher osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000 (-1.0 MPa) significantly.

scholarly journals Impacts of different salt source and concentrations on germination and seedling growth of many pumpkin seeds used as rootstoch in Iran

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dadashpour
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Shoot Weight

The effects of different salt sources (C Cl2, NaCl, and KCl) and concentrations, as measured by electrical conductivity, (0, "control", 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) on seed germination and seedling growth of ?Ferro?, ?Obez?, ?RS 841? and ?Strong Tosa F1? pumpkin varieties used as rootstock were investigated in this study. The results showed that germination rate, root length, shoot length, fresh root weight, dry root weight, fresh shoot weight and dry shoot weights tend to decrease when the electrical conductivity of the solution is higher than 5 dS m-1, independent of salt sources and in all of the varieties. Three days after seeding, a germination ratio of 5 % was obtained from RS 841 variety in all salt source and concentrations, while a germination ratio over 50 % was obtained in ?Strong Tosa? variety for the same conditions except CaCl2 salt source. Nevertheless, seeds germinated in medium having high concentrations of CaCl2 had lower germination rate and poor seedling growth, compared to media having the same concentrations of NaCl and KCl. It was concluded that all of the varieties studied were more sensitive to the concentrations prepared using CaCl2 than that of the KCl, and NaCl.

scholarly journals Elevated carbon dioxide and temperature effects on rooting behaviour of grape cuttings

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
SHRUTHI REDDY L ◽  
GOPALA KRISHNA REDDY A ◽  
VANAJA. M ◽  
MARUTHI. V. ◽  
VANAJA LATHA. K.
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Total Root Length ◽  
Thompson Seedless ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
Root Parameters ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
The Impact

An experiment was laid out to study the impact of eCO2 (550ppm), eT (+3ºC) and their interaction (eCO2+eT) on rooting behaviour of cuttings of three grape varieties- Thompson Seedless, Bangalore Blue, and Dogridge in FATE and OTC facilities. Observations were recorded at 50 and 80 days after planting (DAP) and root growth data was recorded and analysed using WinRHIZO root scanner and its software. Analysis revealed that, among the selected grape varieties, Thompson Seedless cuttings has shown highest number of roots, root volume and dry biomass under eCO2 and eCO2+ eT conditions, while total root length and root length density were highest with Bangalore Blue. Under eT condition, Bangalore Blue showed highest number of roots, total root length and root length density, while root volume and dry biomass was highest with Thompson Seedless. The per se values of root parameters under all conditions and their response to eCO2 was lowest with Dogridge. Though eT condition reduced all the root parameters, their performance improved under eCO2+ eT indicating the presence of higher concentration of CO2 reduced the ill effects of high temperature. Overall, eCO2 and eCO2+eT conditions improved root parameters of grape varieties, while eT reduced them as compared to their performance under ambient condition and varietal variation is significant.

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