scholarly journals Effect of Hibiscus rosasinensis on the liver of Swiss albino mice: a histo-morphological investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
S Bhakta ◽  
SK Das
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Histological Architecture

Nature has been a source of medicinal agents for the thousands of years and a large number of drugs have been isolated from natural sources. Over 50% of all modern drugs are originated from natural sources. Hibiscus rosasinensis is also a very renowned flower having a vast use as a medicinal plant. Several studies have shown that the flower, leaf of this plant has a wide range of medicinal uses such as contraception, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-tumor, anti-diarrheic and anti-convulsent. But whether this plant affects the liver or not is still not investigated with proper care. For the sake of this purpose a research was conducted on the Swiss albino mice in the Bioresearch Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202. Twenty (20) mice (Avg. weight of 27-28 gm and avg. age of 6-7 weeks) were purchased from ICDDRB, Mahakhali, Dhaka and divided into two groups (control, C and Treated, T) each having 10 mice. During the experimental period, the control group was supplied with the normal mice pellet and plane water whereas, the powder of the Hibiscus rosasinensis @ 500 mg/ml with drinking water and the normal mice pellet was provided to the treated group. After the end of the experimental tenure of one month the mice were sacrificed ethically and sample (liver) was collected for the gross and histological analysis. Both in the gross and histology the histomorphology of the liver was similar without having any alteration from the normal. No remarkable changes of the gross and histological architecture were found. So it can be said that the extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis has no baleful effects on the histomorphology of the liver in Swiss Albino mice.Progressive Agriculture 27 (3): 296-300, 2016

scholarly journals Combined toxic effects of aflatoxin B2 and the protective role of resveratrol in Swiss albino mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alperen Gündüz ◽  
Emine Yalçın ◽  
Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Buccal Epithelium ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Cytogenetic Parameters

AbstractIn this study, the toxic effects of aflatoxin B2 (AFB2) on Swiss albino mice and the protective effects of resveratrol were investigated. Physiological (body weight, liver and kidney weight), biochemical (aspartate aminotransferase-AST, alanine transaminase-ALT, blood urea nitrogen-BUN, creatinine, malondialdehyde-MDA and glutathione-GSH) and cytogenetic parameters (micronucleus-MN in buccal epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte cells and chromosomal aberrations-CAs) were used to determine the toxic effects. Additionally, scavenging effects of resveratrol against superoxide, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals were also investigated. In experimental period, mice were divided into six groups and the groups were treated with tap water, 10 mg/kg b.w resveratrol, 20 mg/kg b.w resveratrol, 20 µg/kg b.w. AFB2, 10 mg/kg b.w resveratrol + 20 µg/kg b.w AFB2, 20 mg/kg b.w resveratrol + 20 µg/kg b.w AFB2, respectively. As a result, the scavenging effects of resveratrol increased with increasing dose and the superoxide, H2O2 and DPPH radical scavenging activity of resveratrol were 74.9%, 79.1% and 49.2%, respectively. AFB2 administration caused a significant decrease in physiological parameters, and these decreases regressed in AFB2 + resveratrol treated groups. Serum ALT and AST activities, BUN and creatinine levels were higher in the AFB2 treated group compared to the control group and serious abnormalities were found in MDA and GSH levels in the kidney and liver. In the group treated with AFB2 + 20 mg/kg resveratrol, ALT, AST, BUN and creatinine levels decreased significantly and GSH levels increased compared to only-AFB2 treated group. AFB2 triggered MN formation in buccal epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte cells and CAs in bone marrow cells. The application of 20 mg/kg resveratrol together with AFB2 was decreased the MN and CAs frequency. Resveratrol exhibited a recovery effect in the range of 40.9–80.5% against AFB2 toxicity in all tested parameters. In this study, it was determined that AFB2 caused serious changes in selected physiological, biochemical and cytogenetic parameters while resveratrol displayed a protective role against these toxic effects.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM (WHEATGRASS) AGAINST ARSENIC INDUCED HEPATIC DAMAGES

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
ANITA NAREDA ◽  
MADHU KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Objective: Arsenic is a metalloid element that is one of the most important global environmental toxicants and is found in both organic and inorganic forms. The present study was designed to find out the preventive role of Triticum aestivum against arsenic-induced oxidative stress in the liver of Swiss albino mice Methods: The protective role of T. aestivum (Wheatgrass) against arsenic-induced hepatic damages was investigated in adult Swiss albino mice. The animals were divided in to four groups: (i) Control group – only vehicle (double distilled water), (ii) T. aestivum treated group-20 ml/kg body weight (b.wt.), orally (iii) NaAsO2 treated group- 4.0 mg/kg b.wt., and orally (iv) combination group – T. aestivum leaves extract (20 ml/kg b.wt.) and NaAsO2 (4.0 mg/kg/b.wt.). Bodyweight and liver weight were measured in the process. Activities of marker enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase were measured in serum. Activities of lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured in the liver. Results: The results indicated that arsenic intoxication caused a decrease in b.wt. and liver weight. Arsenic intoxication significantly increased hepatic LPO, Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), and Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) activities whereas significantly decreased hepatic GSH, hepatic LDH, and serum ALP activities. Combined treatment of T. aestivum and NaAsO2 showed: (i) An increase in body and liver weight, (ii) a significant decrease in LPO, SGOT, and SGPT activities, (iii) an elevation in GSH content, LDH, and serum ALP activities, as compared to NaAsO2 treated group. Conclusion: Thus, T. aestivum was found to be protective against arsenic-induced hepatic damages.

scholarly journals Toxic effect of cathinone (an active principle of Catha edulis) on brain lipids in Swiss albino mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Safhi ◽  
M. F. Alam ◽  
Ibrahim Abdu Jubran Khardali ◽  
Sohail Hussain ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Hakeem Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Brain Lipids ◽  
Catha Edulis ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
The Brain

The leaves of khat plant (Catha edulis) are widely consumed by people of East African countries and Arabian Peninsula for their pleasurable and stimulating effects. The consumption of khat is prohibited in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia but it is being used by the people of Kingdom, especially in the region of Jazan, where it is easily available due to its cultivation in the neighbouring country Yemen. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of very low doses of cathinone on the brain lipids. Male Swiss albino mice were divided in 4 groups, one control and 3 experimental and each group having 6 animals. (-) Cathinone, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg body weight was given intraperitoneal to animals for 10 days, once daily.  Cathinone has elevated the level of triglyceride significantly and dose dependently as compared to control group. On the other hand, the content of ganglioside was depleted significantly and dose dependently in experimental groups as compared to control group. A significantly elevated level of cholesterol was observed with the doses of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg and phospholipids with the dose of 0.5 mg/kg of cathinone as compared to control group. No significant change on total lipids was observed in cathinone treated group as compared to control group. The study concludes that very low doses of cathinone were sufficient for the change on the brain lipid contents to provide excitement in khat chewers. 

Effect of active or passive immunization against steroids on reproductive performance of ewes in different levels of body condition at mating

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Rhind ◽  
B. A. Morris ◽  
Jill Clayton ◽  
J. M. Doney ◽  
R. G. Gunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antibody Titres

ABSTRACTBorder Leicester × Scottish Blackface (Greyface) ewes of three groups, each comprising 118 animals in a wide range of body condition scores, were mated at a synchronized oestrus in mid October. The ewes were passively immunized against testosterone (group P), actively immunized against androstenedione (group F), or not treated (group C). All ewes were slaughtered at return to service or at 35 to 45 days of pregnancy and ovulation rates and numbers of embryos present were determined. Mean ovulation rates of ewes in group P were higher than in those in group C (P < 0·05) and this difference was evident at most levels of body condition. The absolute increase in ovulation rate, compared with the control group, was similar at all condition scores. Mean ovulation rates of ewes in group F were higher than those in group C (P < 0·001) and the magnitude of the increase was greater in ewes in higher condition scores. The incidence of ova wastage was variable but differences between treatments in mean ovulation rate were generally reflected in mean litter size. The conception rates of immunized ewes were depressed compared with those of control animals, particularly in ewes with a body condition score less than 3·0 at mating. Consequently, there was no improvement in the potential lambing rate of immunized ewes following only one cycle of mating. Circulating antibody titres were not related to conception rate or body condition at mating and were related to ovulation rate only in group F ewes. It is concluded that immunization against steroids, using either passive or active techniques, can improve the reproductive performance of individual ewes but improvement in the performance of the flock as a whole may only be achieved under optimal conditions of nutrition and season.

Effect of Sorafenib on Sex Hormone Levels in Male Swiss Albino Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 3883-3888
Author(s):  
Surekha D. Shetty ◽  
Laxminarayana Bairy K. ◽  
AM Prasad ◽  
Satheesha Nayak B. ◽  
Ashwini Aithal P.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

Background: Hormones play a vital role in initiating and maintenance of male reproductive or testicular function which includes the production of androgens and spermatozoa. Testosterone is essential for the initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis. FSH is responsible for the stimulation of spermatogenesis. Semen analysis and hormone evaluation are essential parameters in the diagnosis of infertility in males. Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of sorafenib on FSH and intratesticular testosterone levels in male Swiss albino mice. Materials and Methods: The animals were segregated into control, positive control, and treatment groups (n=6). Treatment group received 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of sorafenib orally for seven consecutive days at intervals of 24 hours between two administrations. Positive control group received 100 mg/kg body weight of imatinib. The animals were sacrificed at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th and 10th week after the last exposure to sorafenib. Results: The intratesticular testosterone level was significantly (P<0.05) reduced in treated groups and severe effect was observed on week 4th and 5th weeks. FSH level was increased significantly (P<0.05) in sorafenib treated groups of mice. Conclusion: The administration of sorafenib does affect testosterone and FSH level significantly, but this effect is reversible once the drug is withdrawn. This finding may help the clinicians to plan and address the fertility-related issues in young patients of reproductive age who are being treated with sorafenib for advanced renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

scholarly journals Effect of aqueous Extract of Terminalia bellirica fruit pulp on Alcohol affected learning in swiss albino mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
Sowmya ◽  
Manohar VR ◽  
Mohandas Rai ◽  
H N Gopalakrishna ◽  
Chandrashekar R
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Alcohol Administration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Albino Mice

To evaluate the effect of Aqueous extract of Terminalia belliricafruit pulp (AETB) on learning by Hebb William maze model in mice with acute alcohol consumption.Swiss albino mice (n=48) of either sex weighing 20-30g will be divided into eight groups of six mice each. Drugs were given orally after 12 hours of fasting. Group I mice received 10ml/kg of Normal Saline, Group II mice received Piracetam 200mg/kg, Group III received AETB 36mg/kg, Group IV received ethanol 1.5g/kg orally, Group V received ethanol(1.5g/kg )+ piracetam (200mg/kg), Group VI mice received ethanol(1.5g/kg) +AETB(9mg/kg), Group VII mice received ethanol(1.5g/kg) +AETB (18mg/kg), Group VIII mice received ethanol(1.5g/kg) +AETB(36mg/kg). Time taken by the animal to reach the reward chamber from the start chamber (TRC) in Hebb-William maze was used as a parameterto evaluate the learning.Acute alcohol administration showed increase in TRC. Whereas, acute administration of Aqueous extracts of Terminalia belliricafruit pulp showed a decrease in TRC when compared to the control group. The TRC values for the groups that were administered AETB along with acute alcohol administration showed decrease in TRC values compared to the negative control.Current study showed acute alcohol administration caused impairment of thelearning ability in mice. Whereas, acute administration of Aqueous extracts of Terminalia belliricafruit pulp (AETB)caused enhancement of learning. Pre-treatment with AETB before acute alcohol administration indicated protective action of AETB on alcohol affected learning in mice.

scholarly journals The Effect of Piracetam on Valproic Acid Induced Congenital Malformations in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Shamsher Shrestha ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
S.P. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Higher Doses

Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug which is widely used in humans and is a well known teratogenic agent when used during pregnancy. Piracetam is a nootropic or cognitive enhancer drug used to treat cognitive impairment in aging, brain injuries as well as dementia. In the present study, these two drugs VPA and Piracetam were administered orally to Swiss albino mice in the doses of400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg body weight respectively from gestational day (GD) 6-11 in order to see the protective effect of Piracetam against VPA induced teratogenesis. The fetuses were collected on GD 18 after uterotomy and observed for gross malformations if any. In VPA treated group the malformations observed were exencephaly, cranioschisis, limb and tail defects, haemorrhage, resorptions and retardation. No such anomalies were observed in control and Piracetam treated groups. However,in VPA+ Piracetam treated group some resorptions and growth retardation were noted. This group showed highly significant (p < 0.001) protection against the teratogenic effects of VPA treated group though the developmental parameters were significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in comparison to those of group I (control) and group III (receiving piracetam). These findings suggest that Piracetam, if given in higher doses might protect the development in utero against the teratogenic effects of VPA.

scholarly journals Effectivity of topical mangosteen pericarp extract cream on wound healing in Swiss albino mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Brigitta Sombolayuk ◽  
Khairuddin Djawad ◽  
Siswanto Wahab ◽  
Upik A. Miskad ◽  
Gemini Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing ◽  
Acute Wound ◽  
Albino Mice

Wound healing is a complex physiological process consisting of four phases: coagulation, inflammation, proliferation and migration, and remodeling, each with distinct characteristics. Studies have suggested that mangosteen pericarp extract (MPE) may accelerate wound healing. However, the mechanism has not been fully understood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of MPE cream in various concentrations in acute wound healing of albino mice, both histologically and macroscopically. Thirty-two healthy female Swiss albino mice, aged 6-9 weeks, weight 20-30 g, were included in this study. The samples were randomly divided into eight groups each consisting of 4 mice. The first four groups were treated with MPE cream 5%, 10%, and 20%, and no medication (control group), respectively, and were sacrificed after three days. The other four groups received the same application and were sacrificed after 8 days. Wound bed diameter was measured and biopsy from the skin lesion was performed for histopathologic examination. Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the diameter of the wound bed and histopathological findings of granulation tissue formation, reepithelialization, and inflammation, with P<0.05 considered as significant. MPE cream significantly improved wound healing by increasing granulation tissue formation, and reepithelialization. In addition, MPE cream application was also shown to decrease the number of inflammatory cells, particularly in 5% and 10% concentrations, both in the 3-day and 8-day groups. MPE cream application can accelerate wound healing and thus can be used in acute wound treatment.

Effect of exercise duration on feed intake and body composition of Swiss albino mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bulbulian ◽  
K. K. Grunewald ◽  
R. R. Haack
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Daily Exercise ◽  
Albino Mice

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of daily exercise of varying duration on the body composition, weight, and feed intake of mature Swiss albino mice. Fifty-four male mice were equally divided into a control group and five exercise groups (n = 9) performing 20, 40, 60, 120, and 240 min of daily exercise on a treadmill (7.2 m/min). Feed intake and body weight were measured weekly for 10 wk. At the completion of the study the mice were killed and the animal carcasses were chemically analyzed for fat, dry matter, and protein content. The results of this study demonstrate no differences in the body weight among groups (P less than 0.97) with all groups gaining 4.5–5.8 g during the 10-wk period. However, fat content decreased significantly from 15.7% in the control to 12.0% in the 120- and 240-min exercise groups (P less than 0.05). In contrast, protein content showed an insignificant rising trend from 13.0 to 14.6% with increasing duration of exercise. Feed intake showed a nonsignificant drop during the 20-min exercise treatment and remained unchanged among groups. These data show a slight but variable appetite-suppressing effect of light exercise in mice accompanied by favorable body composition changes even in the absence of differences in body weight. These findings suggest the mouse to be an acceptable experimental model for body composition and exercise studies.

scholarly journals RUELLIA TUBEROSA LINN. ACTS AS ANTI-FERTILITY AGENT THAT REDUCES SPERM COUNT, MOTILITY AND VIABILITY IN MALE SWISS ALBINO MICE (MUS-MUSCULUS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Pardeshi M. H. ◽  
Deshmukh A. A. ◽  
Gajare K. A.
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Sperm Suspension ◽  
Albino Mice

Objective: Fertility control is an issue of global public health. Many of the contraceptives available today have one or the other side effects. Many plants and plant products are suggested as contraceptives in folk and traditional systems of medicine. However, that are least exploited in this regard. In the present investigation, root powder of Ruellia tuberosa was studied for its effect on male reproduction in mice.Methods: The Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus of age three months were grouped into four, i)control group, fed on standard pellet, ii)experimental groups I and II received root powder of Ruellia tuberosa 50 mg/mouse/days for 15 d and 30 d respectively in the pellets, iii)positive control groups I and II received cotton seed oil 25 µl/mouse/day for 15 and 30 d and iv)recovery group received Ruellia tuberosa (50 mg/mouse/days) containing pellets for 15 d and later standard pellet for 15 d. Cauda epididymis sperm suspension was analyzed for sperm count, motility and viability.Results: There was a highly significant decrease in sperm count, motility and viability (p<0.001) in experimental groups I and II and positive control groups I and II. The sperm count was reduced to 19.24±1.74 million/ml and 15.97±5.61 million/ml as compared to sperm count in control group (55.12±4.63 million/ml) in experimental groups. Partial reversal of the effect was noticed in a recovery group.Conclusion: The results suggest that Ruellia tuberosa can be a potent member of reversible oral male contraceptives.

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