Flaxseed Oil and Heated Flaxseed Supplements Have Different Effects on Lipid Deposition and Ileal Microbiota in Albas Cashmere Goats

The present study investigated the effect of flaxseed grain or flaxseed oil on ileal microbiota and lipid deposition of cashmere goats. Sixty kid goats (average body weight 18.6 ± 0.1 kg) were allocated to three treatments, fed for 90 days, with control treatment: basal diet (CON, total-mixed ration), experimental treatment: basal diet with added flaxseed oil (LNO), experimental treatment: basal diet with added heated flaxseed grain (HLS). The final body weight, body weight gain, the weight of kidney fat, omental fat, tail fat, and fat tissue, the activity of fatty acid synthetase, acetyl-coa carboxylase, and malic dehydrogenase, and the relative abundance (RA) of unclassified_f_Peptostreptococcaceae and Intestinibacter were remarkably higher in the LNO treatment than in the HLS treatment, but the [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group RA showed the opposite result. The content of triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in the CON and LNO treatments than in the HLS treatment, while the hormone-sensitive lipase activity and the non-esterified fatty acid content showed the opposite result. In conclusion, the flaxseed grain is more efficient than flaxseed oil in ameliorating the blood lipid profiles and it is a potential product for decreasing the lipid deposition of cashmere goats.

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PSX-A-15 Late-Breaking: Use of a rumen-protected fatty acid supplement on growth performance in feedlot heifers

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.670 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 365-366

Author(s):

Juan P Russi ◽

Alejandro E Relling

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Flaxseed Oil ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Acid Supplement ◽

Fatty Acid Supplement

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the of use different doses of a rumen protected fatty acid supplement in feedlot heifers. Seventy-two (cross bread) heifers were blocked by body weight and animals within each block were randomly allotted to a pen. Each pen had 4 heifers, and there were 6 pens per treatment. All animals were fed a basal diet of 14% corn silage, 73% dry rolled corn, 10% cracked soybeans, 1% urea, and 2% mineral vitamin mix for 83 days. Each treatment received different dose of a rumen-protected fatty acid supplement (RPFA), which contained 40% flaxseed oil, 55% treated soy lecithin, and 5% dextrose; processed using the procedure described in the patent (pending: US 2020/0197346 A1). Treatments were T1: 125 g RPFA; T2: 250 g of RPFA, and T3: 375 g of RPFA. Treatments were daily top dressed. Heifers were weighted on days 0, 50, and 83. Longissimus dorsi muscle (LMA) and back fat (BF) at the 13 rib were measured using ultrasound day 0 and 83, before the animals were sent to slaughter. Dry matter offered per day and refusal collected twice a week were used to estimate dry matter intake (DMI). Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design, with treatment as a fixed variable and block as a random variable. Means were separated using a polynomial contrast. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.16; Table 1) on final body weight, average daily gain (ADG), DMI, gain to DMI ratio, or dressing percentage. There where quadratic tendencies (P ≤ 0.1; Table 1) for hot carcass weight (HCW), LMA, and BF. Based in the results from the current experiment, feeding 100 g of flaxseed oil (250 g of RPFA) improves HCW and LMA but also BF, without affecting growth and DMI.

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Meat Quality, Fatty Acid Content and NMR Metabolic Profile of Dorper Sheep Supplemented with Bypass Fats

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10051133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1133

Author(s):

Atique Ahmed Behan ◽

Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar ◽

Teck Chwen Loh ◽

Sharida Fakurazi ◽

Ubedullah Kaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dorper Sheep

The supplementation of rumen bypass fat (RBF) has remained one of the preferred approaches used to decrease undesirable saturated fatty acids (FA) and increase beneficial unsaturated FA in the meat. This study was planned to evaluate the influences of rumen bypass fats on meat quality, fatty acid and metabolic profiles in male Dorper sheep (n = 36) with 24.66 ± 0.76 kg (mean ± standard error) initial body weight. Treatment comprised a basal diet (30:70 rice straw to concentrate) with no added RBF as a control (CON), basal diet with prilled fat (PF), basal diet with prilled fat plus lecithin (PFL) and basal diet with calcium soap of palm fatty acids (CaS). The findings revealed that cooking loss, drip loss and shear force in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were not affected by RBF supplementation, while meat pH was significantly higher in the CaS on aging day 1. However, the diet supplemented with prilled fat and lecithin modified the meat’s fatty acid profile significantly by increasing unsaturated fatty acids and decreasing saturated fats. The relative quantification of the major differentiating metabolites found in LD muscle of sheep showed that total cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, choline, glycerophosphocholine and glycerophospholipids were significantly lower in CaS and PFL diets, while glycerol and sphingomyelin were significantly higher in CaS and PFL diets. Most of the metabolites in the liver did not show any significant difference. Based on our results, the supplementation of protected fats did not have a negative influence on meat quality and the meat from Dorper sheep fed prilled fat with lecithin contained more healthy fatty acids compared to other diets.

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PSVI-11 Effects of dietary supplementation of enzymatic bio-conversion of Scutellaria baicalensis extract as an alternative to antibiotics in growing pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.730 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 403-405

Author(s):

Koo Deokho ◽

Dang De Xin ◽

Gao Shanshui ◽

Lim Chain Bin ◽

Kim Inho

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Gas Emission ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Positive Correlation

Abstract This study was carried out to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of enzymatic bio-conversion of Scuterallia baicalensis (SB) extract on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, fecal gas emission, blood hematology, and antioxidative indicators in growing pigs. A total of 200 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an initial body weight of 24.52 ± 1.99 kg were used in a 42-day experiment with a completely randomized block design. Pigs were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 10 replicate pens per treatment and 5 animals per pen (2 barrows and 3 gilts). There were four diet conditions: 1) CON, basal diet; 2) TRT1, basal diet + 0.1% apramycin; 3) TRT2, basal diet + 0.1% SB extract; 4) TRT3, basal diet + 0.1% enzymatic bio-conversion of SB extract. The pen was taken as the experimental unit. Tukey’s multiple range test was used for evaluation of differences among the treatments. Compared with the CON group, TRT1 or TRT3 groups had higher final body weight (BW) (P = 0.074) and average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.075), and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P = 0.054). The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM) (P = 0.095) in TRT1 group was higher than that in CON group. Serum glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (P = 0.047) and glutathione (GSH) (P = 0.074) concentrations in TRT3 group were higher than those in CON or TRT1 groups. However, there were no significant differences in fecal microbiota, fecal gas emission, and blood hematology among all dietary groups. A positive correlation between apramycin supplementation in the diet and ADG and the ATTD of DM were observed. A positive correlation between enzymatic bio-conversion of SB extract supplementation in the diet and ADG and the concentration of GPX and GSH in serum were also observed.

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Effect of methionine supplementation on the growth performance of rabbit

Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15777 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 40-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Yesmin ◽

ME Uddin ◽

R Chacrabati ◽

M Al-Mamun

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Control Group ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Methionine Supplementation ◽

Four Levels

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of methionine supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and growth performance of growing rabbit. Sixteen weaned crossbred New Zealand White (NZW) growing rabbits (30-35 d) were distributed into four treatment groups having four replications in each group using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Basal diet composed of green grass (dhal grass) and concentrate mixture which was offered ad libitum basis for 56 days period. Four levels of methionine such as 0.0% (control), 0.15%, 0.25%, and 0.35% were supplemented randomly to rabbits. Results showed that supplementation of methionine did not affect green grass intake. Cumulative as well as daily concentrate and DM intake were significantly (p<0.05) higher for all methionine groups than control group. Final body weight gain as well as daily, weekly and cumulative body weight gains were improved significantly with increasing level of methionine. It was found that methionine had significant (p<0.01) effect on digestibility of DM, CP, NFE and EE but CF digestibility did not differ significantly. Digestibility was improved with increasing the level of methionine. Feed conversion ratio also decreased significantly with methionine supplementation, and 0.25% methionine group showed the best performance among the four treatments. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15777 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 40 43

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Soybean Lecithin High in Free Fatty Acids for Broiler Chicken Diets: Impact on Performance, Fatty Acid Digestibility and Saturation Degree of Adipose Tissue

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9100802 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 802

Author(s):

Viñado ◽

Castillejos ◽

Barroeta

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Soybean Lecithin ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Performance Parameters ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Fa Composition ◽

Finisher Diets

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the inclusion of soybean lecithin with a high free fatty acid content (L) in starter and grower–finisher broiler diets, as well as its influence on performance, energy and fatty acid (FA) utilization and the FA profile of the abdominal fat pad (AFP). A basal diet was supplemented with soybean oil (S; Experiment 1) or acid oil (AO; Experiment 2) at 3%, and increasing amounts of L (1%, 2% and 3%) were included in replacement. The inclusion of L did not modify performance parameters (p > 0.05). The S replacement by L reduced energy and total FA utilization (p ≤ 0.05) in starter diets; however, in grower–finisher diets, a replacement up to 2% did not modify energy and FA utilization (p > 0.05). The AO substitution by L produced no modifications on energy and FA utilization (p > 0.05) during the starter phase, while the blend of 1% of AO and 2% of L resulted in the best combination in terms of the FA digestibility. The FA profile of the AFP reflected the FA composition of diets. The addition of L could replace, up to 2% or be blended with AO in broiler grower–finisher diets as an energy source.

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Pengaruh Penambahan Enzim Fitase Pada Ransum terhadap Berat Relatif Organ Pencernaan Ayam Broiler

Jurnal Agripet ◽

10.17969/agripet.v12i2.201 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 37-41

Author(s):

Meisji Liana Sari ◽

F. Gurki N Ginting

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

The Body ◽

Poultry Feed ◽

Average Weight ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Pancreas Weight

The effect of supplementation phytase enzyme into poultry feed on the relative weight of broiler's digestive organs ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to know the effect of enzim phytase supplementation on relative organ digestion broiler. The research was done for weeks at Animal Fees and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University in Mei to Juni 2008 utilized. A Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments {P0 (100% basal diet), P1 (100% basal diet + 500 FTU/kg), P2 (100% basal diet + 600 FTU/kg), P3 (100% basal diet + 700 FTU/kg), P4 (100% basal diet + 800 FTU/kg),P5 (100% basal diet + 900 FTU/kg)}. Each treatments was replicated for 3 times. The parameters are final body weight, (%) proventrikulus, (%) relatif intestine, (%) pancreas and (%) liver weigh broiler chickens . The research showed that adding enzim phytase has join no significant effect (P0.05) on the body, liver, proventrikulus, ventrikulus weight, bur it showed significant effect on relative intestines and pancreas weight (P0.05) of broiler chickens . the average weight of body weight was 1117.50-1873.00 gram, proventrikulus was 0,44-0,64% ventrikulus was 1.30-2.32%, intestine was 2.74-4.39%, pancreas was 0,21-0,32% and liver was 2,35-3.01%.

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PSXII-22 Performance of Nellore bulls fed with rehydrated corn silage or rehydrated sorghum silage or sorghum grain in substitution of corn grain

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.831 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 419-419

Author(s):

Josimari R Paschoaloto ◽

Laissa A Guimarães ◽

Ellem Maria A Matos ◽

Severino D Junqueira Villela

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Mineral Supplement ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Sorghum Silage ◽

Sorghum Grain ◽

Corn Grain

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the corn grain cracked substitution by sorghum grain, rehydrated corn silage, or rehydrated sorghum silage on animal performance. Thirty-two Nellore bulls initially weighing 324.76 ± 36.0 were used in a completely randomized design distributed in four treatments: corn grain (CG), sorghum grain (SG), rehydrated corn silage (RCS) and rehydrated sorghum silage (RSS). Pen was considered the experimental unit. Response variables included: final body weight (FBW) and dry matter intake (DMI). The basal diet consisted of (DM basis) of 30% sorghum silage as roughage, and 70% of concentrate, consisted of corn grain or sorghum grain or rehydrated corn silage, or rehydrated sorghum silage, soybean hulls, soybean meal, and mineral supplement. The data were analyzed using PROC GLM of SAS and means were compared by Tukey test. Feeding sorghum grain, rehydrated corn silage or rehydrated sorghum silage did not affect the DMI and, consequently, did not affect significantly the final body weight (FBW). The FBW means of each treatment were 444.38, 434.69, 464.22, 443.44, and the DMI were 9.57, 9.23, 9.06, 9.19, respectively to corn grain (CG), sorghum grain (SG), rehydrated corn silage (RCS) and rehydrated sorghum silage (RSS) treatments. It was concluded that diets based on corn grain or sorghum grain, rehydrated or not, can support a similar performance of Nellore bulls finished in feedlot.

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Microalgae Oil as an Effective Alternative Source of EPA and DHA for Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11040971 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 971

Author(s):

Ester Santigosa ◽

Fabio Brambilla ◽

Luca Milanese

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Gilthead Seabream ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Microalgal Oil

Microalgal oils (AOs) emerged recently as an alternative to fish oil and to nutritionally poorer vegetable oils for fish species. In this trial, two experimental diets containing fish oil (negative control: 2.1%; positive control: 13.8%) and two diets incorporating AO at 3.5 and 0.7% were fed to grow out gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) of 64.5 g initial body weight. After 110 days of experimental feeding, performance (final body weight mean = 147 g) and survival (>99%) were similar across treatments. The highest eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content in positive control (PC) and 3.5 AO feeds (3.11 and 2.18% of diet, respectively) resulted in the highest EPA + DHA deposition in the fillets (18.40 and 12.36 g/100 g fatty acid, respectively), which entirely reflected the dietary fatty acid profile. Feed and fillets from fish fed the AO diets had lower levels of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Moreover, sensory quality of AO fillets scored equally to the PC fish. Collectively, these findings offer a more resilient means for sustaining the future growth of seabream aquaculture, whilst maintaining the nutritional value of the resulting seafood. The data supports the addition of seabream to the list of aquaculture species where microalgal oil can be used as an ingredient to fulfil their challenging nutritional demands.

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The changes in growth performance and lipid metabolism of pigs with yellow fat induced by high dietary fish oil

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1139/cjas-2019-0094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 154-164

Author(s):

Qiuping Guo ◽

Fengna Li ◽

Chaoyue Wen ◽

Lingyu Zhang ◽

Yehui Duan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Fresh Fish ◽

High Fish

The aim of this study was to investigate the alteration in growth performance and lipid metabolism during the development of yellow fat in pigs. A total of 30 pigs (9.23 ± 0.21 kg) were assigned to three treatments: (1) low fish oil (LFO), basal diet + 2% fresh fish oil; (2) high fish oil (HFO), basal diet + 8% fresh fish oil; and (3) oxidized fish oil (OFO), basal diet + 8% OFO (peroxide value = 250 meqO2 kg−1). Pigs fed HFO and OFO diets showed yellow staining of fat and decreased growth performance, including average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and final body weight (P < 0.01). The oxidized lipid markers malondialdehyde, yellowness b* of backfat, perirenal fat, and abdominal fat were markedly increased in the pigs fed with HFO and OFO (P < 0.05). Furthermore, following HFO feeding, pigs showed significant decreases in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio and mRNA expression levels of CCAAT-/enhancer-binding protein alpha, fatty acid synthase, lipoprotein lipase, and hormone-sensitive lipase in backfat (P < 0.01). Overall, pigs with yellow-fat trait showed decreased growth performance and altered lipid metabolism by the high fish oil feeding.

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