scholarly journals The Rice Small Auxin-Up RNA Gene OsSAUR33 Regulates Seed Vigor via Sugar Pathway during Early Seed Germination

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1562
Author(s):  
Jia Zhao ◽  
Wenjun Li ◽  
Shan Sun ◽  
Liling Peng ◽  
Zhibo Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Sugar Signaling ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Insight Into

Seed vigor affects seed germination and seedling emergence, and therefore is an important agronomic trait in rice. Small auxin-up RNAs (SAURs) function in a range of developmental processes, but their role in seed vigor remains unclear. Here, we observed that disruption of OsSAUR33 resulted in reduced germination rates and low seed uniformity in early germination. Expression of OsSAUR33 was higher in mature grains and early germinating seeds. RNA-seq analysis revealed that OsSAUR33 modulated seed vigor by affecting the mobilization of stored reserves during germination. Disruption of OsSAUR33 increased the soluble sugar content in dry mature grains and seeds during early germination. OsSAUR33 interacted with the sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase OsSnRK1A, a regulator of the sugar signaling pathway, which influences the expression of sugar signaling-related genes during germination. Disruption of OsSAUR33 increased sugar-sensitive phenotypes in early germination, suggesting OsSAUR33 likely affects seed vigor through the sugar pathway. One elite haplotype of OsSAUR33 associated with higher seed vigor was identified mainly in indica accessions. This study provides insight into the effects of OsSAUR33 on seed vigor in rice.

Germination vigour difference of superior and inferior rice grains revealed by physiological and gene expression studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Y. F. Zhao ◽  
H. Z. Sun ◽  
H. L. Wen ◽  
Y. X. Du ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Gene Expression Studies

AbstractSuperior and inferior rice grains have different weights and are located on the upper primary branch and lower secondary branches of the panicle, respectively. To study differences in germination vigour of these two types of grain, a number of factors were investigated from 0 to 48 h of germination. The present study demonstrated that in inferior grains the starch granule structure was looser at 0 h, with full water absorption at 48 h, while in superior grains the structure was tight and dense. Relative water content increased, and dry matter decreased, more rapidly in inferior grains than in superior ones. Abscisic acid and gibberellin levels, as well as α-amylase activity, also changed more rapidly in inferior grains, while soluble sugar content and amylase coding gene expression increased more rapidly in inferior than superior grains during early germination. The expression of OsGAMYB was higher in inferior grains at 24 h but higher in superior grains at 48 h. The phenotypic index of seedlings was higher in seedlings from superior grains at the two-leaf stage. However, the thousand-grain weight and yield per plant in superior and inferior plants showed no significant difference at harvest. The present study indicates that inferior grains germinate faster than superior ones in the early germination stage. Although inferior grains produced weaker seedlings, it is worthwhile using them in rice production due to their comparative yield potential over that of superior grains.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Genes Associated with Starch Metabolism in Castanea henryi Seed (Fagaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Ruqiang Lin ◽  
Yuting Jiang ◽  
Shuzhen Jiang ◽  
Yuanfang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Starch Metabolism ◽  
Carbohydrate Storage

Starch is the most important form of carbohydrate storage and is the major energy reserve in some seeds, especially Castanea henryi. Seed germination is the beginning of the plant’s life cycle, and starch metabolism is important for seed germination. As a complex metabolic pathway, the regulation of starch metabolism in C. henryi is still poorly understood. To explore the mechanism of starch metabolism during the germination of C. henryi, we conducted a comparative gene expression analysis at the transcriptional level using RNA-seq across four different germination stages, and analyzed the changes in the starch and soluble sugar contents. The results showed that the starch content increased in 0–10 days and decreased in 10–35 days, while the soluble sugar content continuously decreased in 0–30 days and increased in 30–35 days. We identified 49 candidate genes that may be associated with starch and sucrose metabolism. Three ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) genes, two nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPS) genes and three starch synthases (SS) genes may be related to starch accumulation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression levels of these genes. Our study combined transcriptome data with physiological and biochemical data, revealing potential candidate genes that affect starch metabolism during seed germination, and provides important data about starch metabolism and seed germination in seed plants.

Evaluation of Genotoxic and Inhibitory Effects of Invasive Weed Wild Poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla Linn.) in Sunflower

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (62) ◽  
pp. 31-52
Author(s):  
Ali Reza Safahani Langeroodi ◽  
Teena Dadgar ◽  
Behnam Kamkar ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

AbstractDetermining the mode of action of allelochemicals is one of the challenging aspects in the allelopathic studies. In this research, the methanolic extracts of wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla Linn.) at different concentrations (0, as untreated control, 8%, 12% and 16%) were tested for genotoxic and inhibitor activity on morphological, biochemical and molecular traits of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Seedling emergence was reduced with wild poinsettia leaf extracts in sunflower. Leaf extracts of wild poinsettia decreased chlorophyll a and b levels and consequently the soluble sugar content was proportional to the increase in the concentrations of the leaf leachates. Some changes occurred in random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles, profiles of protein bands and total soluble protein of germinated treated seed. These included variation in band intensity, loss of bands and appearance of new bands compared with control. Increased concentration of extracts caused increasing the total soluble protein content, decreasing genome template stability (GTS) value and increasing polymorphism values, the results indicated that they were dose dependent. For instance, the highest and lowest amounts of GTS were observed in 8% and 16%, respectively. In a dendrogram constructed based on genetic similarity coefficients, the treatments were grouped into two main clusters: (a) 8%, 12% and 16% dose clustered together and (b) untreated control grouped alone. Also, we concluded that the basis of interaction between plants, like allelopathy, may be related with genotoxic effects.

scholarly journals Caracterization of seed germination of Zephyranthes sylvatica (Mart.) Baker (Amarilidacea)

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Mayara Wesley da Silva ◽  
Laise Guerra Barbosa ◽  
José Eduardo Santos Barboza da Silva ◽  
Keylan Silva Guirra ◽  
Diego Rangel da Silva Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
The Ideal

Zephyranthes sylvatica is a beautiful lily, endemic from the Brazilian Caatinga. Although it has a great ornamental potential, little is known about this species, especially regarding its seeds germination process. Aiming to characterize the germination of Z. sylvatica seeds, we studied its imbibition curve, optimum temperature and substrate for germination and seedling emergence, osmotic and salt stress tolerance, as well as the tolerance to frosting/ defrosting, which indicates long term cryostorage potential. The germination of Z. sylvatica presents a triphasic model of imbibition, in which the primary root protrusion occurs after 72 hours of imbibition. The ideal conditions for evaluating seed germination of Z. sylvatica is 25 ºC, in paper rolls. These seeds are highly tolerant to osmotic stress, but not to salt stress. Z. sylvatica seeds can be cryopreservated without loss of germination and seed vigor.

Utilisation of stored lipids during germination in dimorphic seeds of euhalophyte Suaeda salsa

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanqin Zhao ◽  
Yanchun Ma ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jianrong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Isocitrate Lyase ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Malate Synthase ◽  
Suaeda Salsa ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Black Seeds

Utilisation of stored lipids plays an important role in germination of oil seeds. In the present study, key enzyme activity (lipase, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase) in lipid utilisation was determined during germination in dimorphic seeds of euhalophyte Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. The results revealed that the percentage of germination were highest in intertidal brown seeds, followed by inland brown seeds and then inland black seeds moistened with 0 and 300 mM NaCl during early seed germination. The same trend was found in the activity of three enzymes and soluble sugar content when seeds were moistened with 0 and 300 mM NaCl for 3 h. Salinity reduced the activity of three enzymes in inland brown and black seeds in the initial 3 h, except that salinity had no adverse effect on isocitrate lyase activity of brown seeds. Salinity had no adverse effect on three enzymes in inland brown and black seeds in the initial 30 h, except that it decreased malate synthase activity of black seeds. Salinity had no effect on three enzymes in intertidal brown seeds in the initial 3 h and 30 h. In conclusion, high activity of these enzymes in brown seeds may play an important role in utilisation of stored lipids during their rapid seed germination.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Salt and Alkali Stress on Antioxidant System in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1352-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijuan Guo ◽  
Zhiqiang Hu ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Wei Min ◽  
Zhenan Hou
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Alkali Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Mda Content

AbstractThis pot experiment was to evaluate how salts (NaCl, Na2SO4) and alkali (Na2CO3+NaHCO3) affect the physiological and biochemical characteristics during the seedling stage of two cotton cultivars (salt-tolerant, L24; salt-sensitive, X45). Salt and alkali stress reduced seedling emergence rate, relative biomass, and chlorophyll content, however, the REC and MDA content increased. Salt and alkali stress increased markedly superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Peroxidase (POD) activity increased first and then decreased as the increase of salt and alkali stress. Catalase (CAT) activity initially increased and then decreased as NaCl stress increased. In addition, the SOD activity, REC, and MDA content was markedly higher in salt stress than that in alkali stress. The proline content of L24 was higher than that of X45 under salt and alkali stress. However, glycine betaine and soluble sugar content of L24 was lower than that of X45 under alkali stress. The REC and MDA content of L24 were lower than those of X45, however, the relative biomass, chlorophyll content, SOD, POD, CAT, and Pro were higher than those of X45. In conclusion, salt tolerant cotton cultivars may possess a superior protection effect by increasing antioxidant enzymes activity under salt and alkali stress.

scholarly journals Seed biostimulant Bacillus sp. MGW9 improves the salt tolerance of maize during seed germination

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heqin Li ◽  
Haiwang Yue ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Haiyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Seed Biopriming

AbstractCrop performance is seriously affected by high salt concentrations in soils. To develop improved seed pre-sowing treatment technologies, it is crucial to improve the salt tolerance of seed germination. Here, we isolated and identified the strain Bacillus sp. MGW9 and developed the seed biostimulant MGW9. The effects of seed biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9 in maize (Zea mays L.) under saline conditions were studied. The results show that the strain Bacillus sp. MGW9 has characteristics such as salt tolerance, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution, and indole-3-acetic acid production. Seed biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9 enhanced the performance of maize during seed germination under salinity stress, improving the germination energy, germination percentage, shoot/seedling length, primary root length, shoot/seedling fresh weight, shoot/seedling dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight. Seed biostimulant MGW9 biopriming also alleviated the salinity damage to maize by improving the relative water content, chlorophyll content, proline content, soluble sugar content, root activity, and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, while decreasing the malondialdehyde content. In particular, the field seedling emergence of maize seeds in saline-alkali soil can be improved by biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9. Therefore, maize seed biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9 could be an effective approach to overcoming the inhibitory effects of salinity stress and promoting seed germination and seedling growth.

scholarly journals Effects of ultra-dry storage on seed germination and seedling growth of Handeliondendron bodinieri

Silva Fennica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Xie ◽  
Tianfeng Liu ◽  
Song Guo ◽  
Jian Peng ◽  
Zailiu Li
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Dry Storage

(H. Lév.) Rehder is a rare, endangered, and therefore, protected tree species native to China. However, there are serious limitations to the effective protection of the species, including a low seed germination-rate and difficult storage due to a high seed oil-content. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of ultra-dry seed storage and its effects on seedling growth. We used the silica gel method to prepare ultra-dry seeds with different moisture contents to find an optimal moisture content range (2.54%–4.77%). Ultra-dry treatment improved storability of . Furthermore, seeds with a moisture content of 4.77% stored at room temperature, and seeds with a moisture content of 3.97% stored at 4 °C yielded the best results. Priming with an appropriate concentration of polyethylene glycol had a certain repairing effect on ultra-dry stored seeds and improved seed vigor, with a two-day priming treatment with 20% polyethylene glycol having the best effect. Finally, compared with sand storage at 4 °C, ultra-dry storage promoted seedling growth and root development; furthermore, it alleviated storage damage to seeds, promoted soluble sugar and soluble protein accumulation, and increased seedling nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake. Therefore, ultra-dry storage can be effectively used to preserve seeds. Specifically, low-temperature storage of ultra-dry seeds with a moisture content of 3.97% enhanced seed vigor, and seedling growth and development.Handeliodendron bodinieriH. bodinieri seedsH. bodinieriH. bodinieriH. bodinieri

scholarly journals Carrot seed germination and vigor in response to temperature and umbel orders

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseane Sousa Pereira ◽  
Warley Marcos Nascimento ◽  
Jairo Vidal Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Carrot Seed

Several factors may influence carrot (Daucus carota L.) crop establishment. High temperatures (35 - 40°C), for instance, may delay or inhibit carrot seed germination in the field and so compromise the stand establishment. Carrot seeds from superior umbel orders usually have better physiological quality than those of lower umbel orders. These seeds from superior umbel orders may also show a better performance in adverse conditions. In addition, seeds from different ages show differences in vigor, which affect the stand establishment, mainly under adverse conditions. The aim of this study was to verify the germination at high temperatures and the carrot seed vigor of different umbel orders of 'Brasília', as well as the different 'Alvorada' seed lots. Preliminarily, 'Brasilia' seeds were incubated at temperatures ranging from 20 to 36°C. Also, seeds from the primary, secondary and tertiary umbel orders harvested separately from a basic seed production field and seeds from lots harvested in 1998, 1999 and 2000 were analyzed to the following tests: germination at 20°C (optimum) and 35°C (adverse), accelerated aging, cold test, seedling emergence in greenhouse and mass of 100 seeds. High temperatures reduced carrot seed germination. Seeds germinated better at 20°C than 35 or 36ºC. Seeds from primary and secondary orders, as well as less aged seed lots, had higher vigor and germination at high temperature.

scholarly journals Effects of Stenocarpella maydis in seeds and in the initial development of corn

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina da Silva Siqueira ◽  
Ellen Noly Barrocas ◽  
José da Cruz Machado ◽  
Ursula Abreu da Silva ◽  
Iara Eleutéria Dias
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Stenocarpella Maydis

The association of the fungus Stenocarpella maydis with corn seed may cause a reduction of seed germination and vigor of the emerged seedlings. This work was carried out in order to evaluate the effects of S. maydis on corn seed quality as well as on its early development. To evaluate such effects, seeds of cultivars RB9308YG (C1) and RB9108 (C2) were inoculated by the osmotic conditioner technique with two S. maydis isolates for 24(P1), 48(P2), 72(P3) and 96 hours (P4). Plants were grown in a room chamber at 20 °C and 25 °C and daily assessed until 28 days after emergence. Seed germination, incidence of S maydis, electrical conductivity, speed of emergence index (SEI), initial and final seedling population and dry weight of emerged plants, were assessed. The longer the exposition times of the seeds to the fungal colony, the more severe negative effects of the pathogens on seed vigor were observed. S. maydis caused reduced seed vigor in the speed of seedling emergence in the final stand and early development of corn seedlings.

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