scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Bacteria with Surface and Antibacterial Activity from the Gut of Mediterranean Grey Mullets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2555
Author(s):  
Rosanna Floris ◽  
Gabriele Sanna ◽  
Laura Mura ◽  
Myriam Fiori ◽  
Jacopo Culurgioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Enterobacter Ludwigii ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Fish Gut ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
Grey Mullets

Fish gut represents a peculiar ecological niche where bacteria can transit and reside to play vital roles by producing bio-compounds with nutritional, immunomodulatory and other functions. This complex microbial ecosystem reflects several factors (environment, feeding regimen, fish species, etc.). The objective of the present study was the identification of intestinal microbial strains able to produce molecules called biosurfactants (BSs), which were tested for surface and antibacterial activity in order to select a group of probiotic bacteria for aquaculture use. Forty-two bacterial isolates from the digestive tracts of twenty Mediterranean grey mullets were screened for testing emulsifying (E-24), surface and antibiotic activities. Fifty percent of bacteria, ascribed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., P. putida and P. anguilliseptica, P. stutzeri, P. protegens and Enterobacter ludwigii were found to be surfactant producers. Of the tested strains, 26.6% exhibited an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (10.0 ± 0.0–14.5 ± 0.7 inhibition zone), and among them, 23.3% of isolates also showed inhibitory activity vs. Proteus mirabilis (10.0 ± 0.0–18.5 ± 0.7 mm inhibition zone) and 6.6% vs. Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.5 ± 0.7–17.5 ± 0.7 mm inhibition zone). According to preliminary chemical analysis, the bioactive compounds are suggested to be ascribed to the class of glycolipids. This works indicated that fish gut is a source of bioactive compounds which deserves to be explored.

scholarly journals EXPLORATION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI OF DRAGON SCALE’S FERN (Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) M.G. Price) AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL SOURCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angga Puja Asiandu ◽  
Hary Widjajanti ◽  
Elisa Nurnawati
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Pyrrosia Piloselloides ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Endophytic fungi are fungi which live inside the host plant tissue and have been undergone a horizontal gene transfer process. Endophytic fungi are able to synthesize the same bioactive compounds which synthesized by their host plants. The host plant used in this research was dragon’s scales fern (Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) M.G. Price). Dragon’s scales fern produces various of bioactive compounds which used as antibacterial agents such as polyphenols. This research was aimed to obtain endophytic fungi isolates from trophophyll fronds and sporophyll fronds of dragon’s scales fern, to determine the antibacterial activity of the secondary metabolite extracts of endophytic fungi, to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), to determine the characteristics of the endophytic fungi isolates which potentially as antibacterial source. Based on the research, 13 endophytic fungi isolates were obtained from dragon’s scales fern fronds consist of 5 isolates from trophophyll fronds and 8 isolates from sporophyll fronds. The antibacterial activity test showed that the extract of secondary metabolites of the isolate DTP2 had the highest inhibition zone diameter against E.coli 14.82 ± 4.05 mm, DTP4 against S.aureus 8.80 ± 0.03 mm and DSP4 against S.dysentriae 10.15 ± 0.36 mm. MIC of ethyl acetate extracts of secondary metabolites of isolate DTP2 against E.coli was 125 µg/mL, DTP4 against S.aureus was 125 µg/mL and DSP4 against S.dysentriae was 31.25 µg/mL. The endophytic fungi isolate DTP2 identified as Aureobasidium melanogenum, DTP4 identified as Penicillium alliisativi and DSP4 identified as Aspergillus flocculosus.

scholarly journals Isolation and Antibacterial Activity Test of Seagrass Epiphytic Symbiont Bacteria Thalassia hemprichii from Bahowo Waters, North Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ismariani Maarisit ◽  
Esther D. Angkouw ◽  
Remy E. P. Mangindaan ◽  
Natalie D. C. Rumampuk ◽  
Henky Manoppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Epiphytic Bacteria ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Agar Media

Seagrass is a higher plant and has the ability to produce bioactive compounds such as antibacterial. Seagrass is also a host to a variety of bacteria. Bacteria that live in the host will produce the same compounds as the host's body. The utilization of symbiotic bacteria with seagrasses as producers of bioactive compounds such as antibacterial can be used as a solution to reduce excessive seagrass uptake in nature. On the other hand, bacteria have the advantage of being fast and easy to grow and can be mass-produced and more economical. This study aims to isolate and test the antibacterial activity of the epiphytic bacteria of seagrass symbionts. Epiphytic bacteria of seagrass symbionts were grown on Nutrient Agar media directly in the field and bacterial isolation was carried out based on the morphological characteristics of the bacterial isolates. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the disc method with the test bacteria Stapylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Salmonella thypi, and antibiotics as positive controls. The ability of bacteria to produce antibacterial was indicated by the formation of an inhibition zone around the paper disc containing the epiphytic bacteria of the seagrass symbiont T. hemprichii. A total of 3 isolates of epiphytic bacteria were isolated from T. hemprichii seagrass from Bahowo Waters, Tongkaina Village, Bunaken District, these isolates are namely Epifit 1, Epiphyte 2, and Epiphyte 3. Epiphyte 2 isolate had antibacterial activity against S. mutans, S. aureus, and S. thypi test bacteria, Epiphyte 3 isolate had antibacterial activity against S. mutans, and S. thypi test bacteria.Key words: Bacteria; Antibacterial; T. hemprichii; symbionts; BahowoAbstrakLamun merupakan tumbuhan tingkat tinggi dan memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan senyawa  bioaktif seperti antibakteri. Lamun juga merupakan tempat hidup atau inang dari berbagai bakteri. Bakteri yang hidup pada inang akan menghasilkan senyawa yang sama dengan tubuh inangnya. Pemanfaatan bakteri yang bersimbiosis dengan lamun sebagai produsen senyawa bioaktif seperti antibakteri dapat dijadikan sebagai solusi dalam mengurangi pengambilan lamun yang berlebihan di alam. Dilain pihak, bakteri memiliki keunggulan karena pertumbuhan bakteri yang cepat dan mudah tumbuh, dapat diproduksi secara massal dan lebih ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menguji aktivitas antibakteri dari bakteri epifit simbion lamun T. hemprichii dari Perairan Bahowo.  Bakteri epifit simbion lamun ditumbuhkan pada media NA secara langsung di lapangan dan isolasi bakteri dilaksanakan berdasarkan karateristik morfologi isolat bakteri. Uji aktivitas bakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode cakram dengan bakteri uji S. aureus, S. mutans, E. coli, dan S. thypi dan antibiotik sebagai kontrol positif. Kemampuan bakteri menghasilkan antibakteri ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat disekitar kertas cakram yang mengandung bakkteri epifit simbion lamun T. hemprichii.  Sebanyak 3 isolat bakteri epifit berhasil diisolasi pada lamun T. hemprichii dari Perairan Bahowo, Kelurahan Tongkaina, Kecamatan Bunaken yaitu Epifit 1, Epifit 2, dan Epifit 3. Isolat epifit 3 memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri uji S. thypi, isolat Epifit 2 terhadap bakteri uji S. mutans, S. aureus, dan S. thypi, isolat Epifit 3 terhadap bakteri uji S. mutans, dan S. thypi.Kata kunci: Bakteri; Antibakteri; T. hemprichii; Simbion; Bahowo

scholarly journals The potency of Sansevieria trifasciata and S. cylindrica leaves extracts as an antibacterial against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Whika Dewatisari ◽  
Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho ◽  
Endah Retnaningrum ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract. Nugroho LH, Dewatisari WF, Retnaningrum E, Purwestri YA. 2021. The potency of Sansevieria trifasciata and S. cylindrica leaves extracts as an antibacterial against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biodiversitas 22: 408-415. Sansevieria trifasciata and Sansevieria cylindrica are the major herbs in Indonesia, which contain several bioactive compounds as potential sources of antibacterial agents. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of S. trifasciata and S. cylindrica leaves extract and fraction against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to identify its bioactive compounds. Crude ethanolic extract of S. trifasciata and S. cylindrica leaves were tested for their antimicrobial activity by disk diffusion method against P. aeruginosa. S. trifasciata showed strong antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone of 18.3 mm compared to S. cylindrica. Different concentrations of extract i.e. 4 mg/mL, 8 mg/mL, 16 mg/mL, 32 mg/mL, 64 mg/mL, 128 mg/mL and 256 mg/mL were tested for their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The MIC results showed that the S. trifasciata extract was able to inhibit bacterial growth at a concentration of 32 mg/mL. Results of vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) revealed that only fraction 3 showed the highest antibacterial activity at 16 mg/mL. In TLC bioautography analysis, fraction 3 showed a clear zone at Rf 0.93. The phytochemical analysis showed that terpenoid, phenolic, triterpenoid, and flavonoid compounds were found in S. trifasciata extract that were associated with antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Argentinean Propolis Collected in Extreme Regions and its Relation with Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Vera ◽  
Eliana Solorzano ◽  
Roxana Ordoñez ◽  
Luis Maldonado ◽  
Enrique Bedascarrasbure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
First Time ◽  
Β Carotene

This paper reveals, for the first time, the functional properties of propolis from an extreme region of Argentine ( El Rincón, Province of Catamarca, Argentina), as well as the isolation and identification of bioactive compounds. The antioxidant activity was determined by the ABTS method and β-carotene bleaching. The antibacterial activity was determined on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by the microdilution method and bioautographic assays. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified by NMR spectroscopy. The main bioactive compounds were 2′,4′-dihydroxy-3′-methoxychalcone (3), 2′,4′-dihydroxychalcone (9), 2′,4′,4-trihydroxy-6′- methoxychalcone (8), 5-hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyflavone (4), 4′,5-dihydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (10) and 7-hydroxy- 5,8-dimethoxyflavone (11). All compounds were active against clinical isolates (MIC50 10 μg/ mL) and displayed antioxidant activity (SC50 values of 20 μg/mL). The MIC and SC50 values of the isolated compounds were lower than those obtained with crude propolis extracts, chloroform sub-extracts and isolated fractions.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoaggregates using aqueous extract from Anacardium occidentale leaf: comparative study of different precursors

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Kwabena Droepenu ◽  
Ebenezer Aquisman Asare ◽  
Boon Siong Wee ◽  
Rafeah Binti Wahi ◽  
Frederick Ayertey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Zinc Acetate ◽  
Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Acetate Dihydrate

Abstract Background Various parts of Anacardium occidentale plant possess curative qualities like antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant. Aqueous extract of this plant leaf was used in biosynthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoaggregates using two precursors of zinc salt (zinc acetate dihydrate [Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O] and zinc chloride [ZnCl2]). The synthesized ZnO samples were used in a comparative study to investigate the antibacterial activity against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes [Staphylococcus aureus, Exiguobacterium aquaticum (Gram +ve) and Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii (Gram −ve)]. The synthesized ZnO nanoaggregates from the two precursors were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. Results Micrographs of SEM and TEM confirmed nanoparticles agglomerated into aggregates. While spherical nanoaggregates were identified in samples prepared from Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O, flake-like structures were identified in samples synthesized from ZnCl2. Particle size determined by TEM was 107.03 ± 1.54 nm and 206.58 ± 1.86 nm for zinc acetate dihydrate and zinc chloride precursors respectively. ZnO nanoaggregate synthesized using zinc acetate as precursor gave higher antibacterial activity than its counterpart, zinc chloride with K. pneumonia recording the highest inhibition zone of 2.08 ± 0.03 mm (67.53%) whereas S. aureus recorded the least inhibition zone of 1.06 ± 0.14 mm (34.75%) for ZnO nanoaggregate from zinc chloride precursor. Also, antibacterial activity increases with increasing concentration of the extract in general. However, A. baumannii, E. aquaticum, and K. pneumoniae did not follow the continuity trend with regards to the 250 ppm and 500 ppm concentrations. Conclusion Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoaggregates using aqueous extract of A. occidentale leaf from zinc acetate dihydrate and zinc chloride as precursors was successful with the formation of nanospheres and nanoflakes. The study suggested that A. occidentale sp. could be an alternative source for the production of ZnO nanoparticles and are efficient antibacterial compounds against both Gram +ve and Gram −ve microbes with its promising effect against infectious bacteria.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties of Lonicera caerulea Berries: Evaluation of 11 Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Ina Jasutienė ◽  
Antanas Šarkinas ◽  
Vilma Kaškonienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The aim of the study was to evaluate 11 cultivars of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) for bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and the antibacterial activity of berries. Total phenolic contents (TPCs) and total anthocyanin contents (TACs) were established by using ethanolic extracts. For contents of organic acids and saccharides, aqueous extracts were used, and vitamin C was determined by using oxalic acid solution. DPPH• radical scavenging capacity was evaluated by using ethanolic extracts; antibacterial activity was assessed by using both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. The TPC varied from 364.02 ± 0.41 mg/100 g in ‘Vostorg’ to 784.5 ± 0.3 mg/100 g in ‘Obilnaja’, and TAC ranged from 277.8 ± 1.1 mg/100 g in ‘Čelnočnaja’ to 394.1 ± 8.4 mg/100 g in ‘Nimfa’. Anthocyanins comprised 53.8% of total phenolic contents on average. Among organic acids, citric acid was predominant, averaging 769.41 ± 5.34 mg/100 g, with malic and quinic acids amounting to 289.90 ± 2.64 and 45.00 ± 0.37 mg/100 g on average, respectively. Contents of vitamin C were 34.26 ± 0.25 mg/100 g on average. Organic acids were most effective in the inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested. In conclusion, berries of L. caerulea are beneficial not only for fresh consumption, but also as a raw material or ingredients of foods with high health-promoting value.

Serial Extraction Technique of Rich Antibacterial Compounds in Sargassum cristaefolium Using Different Solvents and Testing their Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Susilo ◽  
Abd. Rohim ◽  
Midia Lestari W. H.
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Cinnamic Aldehyde ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Aldehyde Groups

Background: S. cristaefolium is the brown seaweed extracted using the serial technique with different solvents. Methods: S. cristaefolium powder (50 mesh) was extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol respectively. The S. cristaefolium powder residue had been dried before being re-extracted with the next different solvents. Three serial extracts were obtained and named as the 1-stage extract, 2-stage extract, and 3-stage extract. Besides, a single-step extract (extraction using only methanol) was also produced to compare with three serial extracts in antibacterial activity tests (against E. coli and S. aureus). The three serial extracts were detected their antibacterial compounds using GC-MS, LC-HRMS, and FT-IR. Results: The 3-stage extract had the highest extraction yield. On S. aureus, the inhibition zone in all extracts was not significantly different. On E.coli, the highest inhibition zone (5.42±0.14 mm) was the 3-stage extract, indeed it is higher than both antibiotic and a single-step extract. Phenol, 9-Tricosene(Z)-, palmitic acid, and oleamide were contained in all extracts. Other antibacterial compound types, both the 1-stage and 2-stage extracts contained 8 types whilst the 3-stage extract contained the most types (12 types). Particularly, hexyl cinnamic aldehyde and betaine were detected only in the 3-stage extract with the dominant area. The carboxylic acid groups were detected in all extracts to confirm the fatty acid structure. Several cinnamic aldehyde groups were detected only in the 3-stage extract. Conclusions: Thus, the extraction technique serially could produce the 3-stage extract which has the strongest antibacterial activity and the richest antibacterial compounds.

Antibacterial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles extracted from Capparis decidua against Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus Species

2021 ◽  
pp. 4452-4454
Author(s):  
Sneka S ◽  
Preetha Santhakumar
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Capparis Decidua

Nano particles have an enormous impact on society. Selenium nanoparticles are used in various oxidative stresses. Capparis decidua is a plant which belongs to a family Capparidaceae. Capparis decidua is found in desert and semi desert areas and is used in Unani medicine and traditional system of medicine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of selenium nanoparticles synthesized using Capparis decidua. Antibacterial activity was studied by inhibition zone against E.coli and Lactobacillus using Agar well diffusion method which was characterized by a clear zone. Selenium nanoparticles extracted from Capparis decidua fruit showed good antibacterial activity against lactobacillus species and E.coli.

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